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They date back hundreds of years and are also known as British Bulldogs. They are a muscular, well-built dog with a wrinkled face and a pushed-in nose. This breed has won the hearts of generations of families for decades. They are considered to be one of the most popular dogs breeds in existence today. These fantastic puppies have gained popularity worldwide due to their playful, loyal, funny, and caring personality. They are laidback and tend to get along well with just about anyone or anything. They have very approachable demeanors and enjoy the companionship of their family. They also have a very easy-going personality which is one of the reasons they have remained a popular family dog. The English Bulldog does enjoy activity time and burning off energy, however, is not an overly energetic breed of dog. The correct ratio of meat-based protein and micronutrients, as well as healthy carbs and fats, will keep your dog feeling and looking his best. Most people recommend feeding this breed two meals each day, spaced about twelve hours apart. This will help to ensure the dog is provided with the proper nutrients he needs. It is also important to remember to provide your dog with proper dental care. It is suggested that his teeth get cleaned a minimum of three times a week. Failing to keep his teeth clean can contribute to health issues. Although properly cleaning his teeth will take some practice to get good at, in time, this will become easier for you and your pup. The English Bulldog grows to be between fourteen and fifteen inches tall. At maturity, the English Bulldog weighs between fifty and fifty-five pounds. The average life expectancy for this breed is between eight and ten years. English Bulldogs require regular bathing and grooming. It is suggested that they are bathed as frequently as every week up to no more than every four weeks depending on their activity level and lifestyle. This smooth coated breed does best with routine brushing which is essential to maintain healthy skin and a healthy coat. Frequently Asked Questions What are some of the health issues English bulldogs are likely to face? The English bulldog has various health issues with the most alarming being cardiac and respiratory complications. English bulldogs are also prone to dyslexia in the hip due to their relatively large body size. Skin infections are also a concern do to the wrinkly and folds nature of the skin. What is the lifespan of an English bulldog? The English bulldog can live up to years on an average scale. This is usually due to the numerous complications and health challenges the bulldog faces in the course of life. How frequently do English bulldogs shed? English bulldogs shed more frequently during the cold seasons like winter and spring. Compared to other dogs, they shed rather moderately and even lesser as they age. How hard is it to train an English bulldog? This breed of dog is known for its stubborn nature and can be really difficult especially for novice dog owners to get the hang of. Patience and routine should be the keywords when dealing with a bulldog. Are English bulldogs good watchdogs? The English bulldog has a natural instinct to protect its territory. Even though the bulldog is not usually much of a barking dog, in the case of an intruder it is well equipped and confident to take on the challenge at every cost. Are English Bulldogs dangerous to their owners? The English bulldog is not a dangerous pet. It is very much territorial and somewhat apprehensive to unfamiliar faces, but once it warms up to you, the bulldog is one of the most loving and loyal dogs. How much exercise do English Bulldogs need? The English bulldog on average needs about 30minuites of exercise every day to keep it mentally and physically healthy. Are English Bulldogs family dogs? The English bulldog may seem aggressive at first glance but you will get to find that they have a contrasting character to their appearance. They are perfect around children and can play all day. They are extremely lovable and friendly. How big do English Bulldogs get? English bulldogs can weigh up to 50 pounds and can grow as tall as 15inches. Male or female English Bulldog? This depends solely on the owner as both genders have their specific pros and cons. English bulldogs are very friendly and warm dogs and are amazing around children. No wonder they are one of the most sought-after breeds in the world. Are you interested in purchasing a English Bulldog? Fill out the below form and we'll get back to you as soon as possible. Puppy Heaven is a respected and experienced breeder in the Las Vegas, NV, area, and we can help you find your furrever friend. A Reputable Company Puppy Heaven is dedicated to ensuring you get a healthy pet when you choose one of our puppies to take home. All our puppies are checked by a vet and have received their shots. Plus, our facilities offer open spaces and plenty of interaction to keep your puppy friendly and happy. Look at our bulldog puppies for sale in Las Vegas, NV, today, or text us at with any questions. A puppy can complete your family, whether it's a family of one or six. Puppy Heaven offers teacup puppies for sale in the Los Angeles area. Our adorable puppies are bred to the highest-quality standards to ensure your puppy is healthy and happy when you adopt them. How We Take Care of Our Puppies Our puppies are kept in superb conditions and receive regular checkups to maintain health and ensure they grow properly. Each puppy has up-to-date shots and is fully registered, so when you adopt one, you don't have to worry about whether your puppy is healthy. You can simply enjoy your new furry family member. We breed quality dogs to bring you puppies that will bring your family joy for years. We use real photos for each puppy so that you can get to know the one you like. And while we can't guarantee availability, we're happy to notify you as new puppies become available. When you adopt from us, you can also choose our financing option rather than worry about one upfront fee. Look at our puppies below and contact us when you find the one you love. Additional Information. Buy Now Mini English bulldog puppies Top quality healthy traits 1 year health guarantee Akc with pet insurance Lifetime coaching Finance options available Buy Now French bulldog and cane Corso mix French bulldog and cane. Corso mix absolutely beautiful dogs. Health checked. Beautiful full lilac or lilac metle. Females only Contact xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx. Being held and cuddled are her favorite but don't count her out for playtime. She is very social and loves having fun. She will be an amazing companion, so don't hesitate to call in today and reserve her! View Detail AKC Bulldog puppy I have a9 weeks old male AKC Bulldog with papers born on November 19 bought him for my son then found out he's moving out of state and my female bulldog is becoming more stressed having another dog around. I want to find him a good home he is a really good puppy and if she wasn't so stressed I would keep him. Willing to deliver to Arizona, California, Utah for a fee. Also can ship at buyers expense. Unfortunately times have changed I'm at work 12 hours a day, my Children are in school then therapy, no one is home with him, I feel bad we don't get to play and do the things we use to do. Time to find him a loving home. Looking for great owners! English Bulldogs for sale. We have male and Female. Both have fantastic playful personalities, and love playing the the garden with their mum and dad and my other older dog! They will also leave with a blanket scented with their litter mates and a soft toy. These Bulldog are perfect companion and they make a perfect addition to any family. They hold significant show potential, or will make doting family pets. Please Contact us on whatsapp number. Check out this beautiful English bulldog. Great Bloodlines. Hes had his first shots. View Detail Beautiful loving 9 month old English bulldog We have a Beautiful loving nine-month-old English bulldog he is great with kids and others and trained we are looking for a forever loving home for him View Detail English Bulldog She has all her shots and she neutered. Has all her paper work from where and what time she was born. She is 10 months old, friendly with kids. One male and one female. These puppies have excellent pedigrees and superb temperaments. Both parents owned and can be seen. Reared in the heart of the home so well socialized with other dogs and children. View Detail English Bulldog looking for forever home Very friendly, loving English bulldog looking for a new forever home. Unfortunately our baby has grown very allergic to her and we can not her any longer. Great with kids, loves to sleep and lounge around. Can leave her home all day without any problems. She loves to play fetch in the house or yard as her daily exercise. Welcome to the Nevada state page on TrustedPuppies. Known for its captivating desert landscapes, lively cities, and diverse outdoor activities, Nevada is an exciting place to find and raise your new English Bulldog companion. Our goal is to connect you with the most exceptional English Bulldog breeders and puppies for sale in the region, ensuring you find the perfect furry friend for your family. Our site features a vetted group of reputable breeders who specialize in raising healthy and happy puppies. Our Nevada breeders are committed to raising the highest quality puppies. They provide their puppies with all the necessary vaccinations and veterinary checkups to ensure they are in the best of health before they go to their forever homes. They also provide ongoing support and advice to ensure a smooth transition for both you and your new furry friend. Discover the dynamic dog-friendly scene in Nevada, featuring inviting restaurants, spacious dog parks, and engaging dog shows. For those passionate about dog shows, events like the Silver State Kennel Club Dog Show provide an opportunity to appreciate the elegance and charm of English Bulldog canines while connecting with fellow enthusiasts. Holding the 35th spot in dog ownership across the United States, Nevada is home to a canine population of approximately thousand. At TrustedPuppies. Most of our reputable English Bulldog breeders provide safe and affordable flight delivery, complete with a dedicated flight nanny who accompanies your new pup throughout their journey, ensuring their safety and comfort as they travel to their new home in Nevada. Many breeders also offer affordable vehicle delivery, utilizing specialized pet delivery services. This option allows your English Bulldog puppy to be transported directly to your door by a professional who understands the unique requirements of pet transportation. Begin your search for the perfect English Bulldog puppy on TrustedPuppies. I love to follow all of our friends and the adventures they have with their dawgs. Anyone else interested please do the same. Hes mellow, smart a huge :. We couldnt be happier with him and with Ary. Ary is always available to help answer questions of give advise and loves to keep up with his pups as they grow and beyond. In researching, we found Ary and the Olde English breed and could not be happier with the decision to get Bruce. Ary was incredible throughout the process, explaining everything we needed to know about the breed and the process of importing him into Hong Kong. He checked in with us several times before the flight and was in constant contact via text when we went to the airport to pick up Bruce, who arrived a little skeptical of his new surroundings but perfectly healthy and happy. The extent to which Ary cares about every one of the amazing dogs he sells is clear through his attention to detail and willingness to put in any extra effort to make sure his puppies get to, and stay in, good homes. He took to his kennel training and potty training so fast! In searching for our puppy, we did our due diligence researching online and then visiting your property in person. I was impressed with how happy and healthy all of your dogs are. I also enjoyed getting the opportunity to meet the parents of our puppy; they both seemed to have great termperments. Thanks for a wonderful puppy! Lauren W. I recently adopted her from Ary, and it was great! Ary is so devoted to all of his dogs, he even knows them by their bark! His property is a dog haven, dog runs, kiddie pools, and toys for days! He truly loves what he does. When I heard that Ary had rescued a litter of puppies i had to take a look! I fell in love with them all, as i do with all of his litters! He knows the background of each and every one of his dogs, he is so knowledgeable about the breed and is always there to answer any questions i have about Pepper. I will definitely be getting another bulldogge from Ary in the years to come. Thanks Ary! Jenna S. Iowa Hey Ary We just want to say thank for are boy Kane. He one of the best we gotten. He is are first bulldogge and wont be the last. Im just glad you made my day by letting take Kane home to live with use. S im looking forward to the day we get are girl from you. He is pounds and a real joy to have around! Ary is so helpful and we are grateful for him introducing us to this wonderful breed. There really is no better breed of dog! If you are looking for a bulldog and you should be! Shane S. Cares deeply about the health and well being of his dogs. A quality breeder with amazing dogs!! Cinda G. Brea, CA Just want to start off by saying: Ari, isnt just a Breeder hes a good guy and now a friend of mine!!!! I bought a puppy from him last feb !!! Since that time he taught me a lot about the breed to the point where i want to start breeding oldies!!!! So if you looking for a quality olde you have came to the right spot…. Chris Arizona Rescue Dogs For those of you more interested in adopting a shelter or rescue dog, we can also help out. Due to overcrowding, a lot of these lovely animals face euthanasia. So to try and fight back against this heart breaking issue, we have set up another website to try unite these loving dogs with new owners and homes. If you want more information please head to www. Follow Us on Social Media! Paypal Secured Payments. Healthy Genetics — Bruiser Bulldogs Focus on healthy bloodlines All of our English Bulldog puppies for sale undergo a rigorous socialization program that ensures they are equipped for a plethora of new experiences. Parents are hand selected for trademark bruiser bulldog breathability and must complete a series of health exams to ensure their offspring maintain the high quality characteristics we are known for. As English Bulldog breeders located near Nevada, we find that many potential adopters located in the city are interested in our breeding program. If you are looking for a English Bulldog puppy, feel free to contact and start a conversation about our adoption process. If you do decide we are a good fit, we are only a short flight away! If you are interested in a English Bulldog Puppy and are located near Nevada, feel free to reach out to us! Check out our available puppies! Things to do with your English Bulldog Nebraska is a great place to live with an English bulldog. The state has a diverse landscape, plenty of outdoor activities, and dog-friendly businesses. Hike the Trails Hiking is a great way to get some exercise and enjoy the outdoors. There are many hiking trails in Nebraska that are perfect for English bulldogs. Be sure to bring plenty of water and snacks for your dog, and take breaks often. Visit a Campground Camping is another great way to enjoy the outdoors with your English bulldog. There are many campgrounds in Nebraska that allow dogs. Be sure to bring a tent, sleeping bags, food, water, and other supplies. There are many places to fish in Nebraska, both in fresh water and salt water. Be sure to get a fishing license and follow all the rules and regulations. Go Boating Boating is another great way to enjoy the outdoors with your English bulldog. There are many places to boat in Nebraska, both on rivers and lakes. Be sure to bring a life jacket for your dog and follow all the safety rules. There are many places to swim in Nebraska, both in fresh water and salt water. Be sure to supervise your dog at all times and follow all the safety rules. Visit a Dog Park Dog parks are a great place for English bulldogs to run and play off-leash. There are many dog parks in Nebraska, both in urban and rural areas. Visit Dog-Friendly Businesses Nebraska has a number of pet-friendly businesses, including restaurants, hotels, and stores. These are just a few of the many things you can do with your English bulldog in Nebraska. With its stunning scenery, endless activities, and friendly people, Nebraska is the perfect place to create lasting memories with your furry friend. How do you breed for a healthier English Bulldog? Like all things in life, breeding for health is simply a matter of priority. We are blind to many of the breed priorities that distract other breeders from improving the health of the English Bulldog. We focus on health and personality and very little else. We are not interested in winning a blue ribbon in the show ring. Rather, we test for things like elongated soft palates, narrow tracheas, stenotic nares, luxation in the patellar tendons, heart defects, cherry eye, optic cilia, entropion, ect. We focus and prioritize creating healthy bloodlines, therefore our bulldogs are typically much healthier than the breed as a whole. After breeding for health, what other priorities are you focused on? Our true desire is to create the perfect family bulldog. We also believe a bulldog bred for the correct personality is essential to the family unit as well. A Bruiser Bulldog is bred for intelligence and playfulness. We want our bulldogs to be full of personality and some quirk. We believe a full personality along with a little stubbornness is the true North star of the bulldog breed and is what makes the unique among other breeds. We look for these personality traits in our adult bulldogs and continue to create bloodlines that reflect these qualities. What are the steps of your adoption process if I am located in Nevada? Check out our available English Bulldog Puppies page. At times, we have available puppies but almost always have a waiting list as well. A quick look at our available puppies is the starting point to begin the process. Send us an email or give us call .If approved to adopt one of our puppies you are welcome to place a deposit to hold until your puppy is ready to go home. Greetings from the Wysongs! Northern Indiana based, Bruiser Bulldogs offers purebred English Bulldog Puppies for sale to loving adopters seeking to find a higher quality English Bulldog. As English Bulldog breeders , Mitch and Erica Wysong have dedicated themselves to a lifelong journey of changing the culture and societal pressures of poor breeding practices within the English Bulldog Community. Mitch and Erica believe in producing a healthy English Bulldog puppy first and foremost. Through years of research and development, Bruiser Bulldogs is leading a new movement away from the overdone, wrinkled bulldog that has been long plagued by health problems. By embracing a healthier, more athletic look they are able to ensure that each and every English Bulldog Puppy for sale by Bruiser Bulldogs is supported by a platform of health tested, clean genetics. Upon adoption, each family that takes on the responsibility of a Bruiser Bulldog enters into an active and vibrant communal family of bulldog owners. Mitch and Erica believe it is their responsibility to provide emotional and mental support for the lifetime of each and every English Bulldog puppy they produce. To ensure the success of every adoption, Bruiser Bulldogs will always be committed to helping Bruiser Bulldog adopters care for their English Bulldogs to the best of their ability. I am familiar with common and uncommon health problems they may face so when my boyfriend and I decided we were ready to adopt our own english puppy finding a reputable breeder that prioritizes health was most important to us. Erica and Mitch of Bruiser Bulldogs are just that. They are experienced, ethical and quality breeders. I was referred to them by my friend that I trust after I saw their gorgeous healthy puppy. Our Puppy Primrose is the light of our lives! Bruisers was there to assist us every step of the way. We would highly recommend Bruisers Bulldogs to anyone looking for their own happy, healthy pup! Leah H. We were lucky to have come across Bruiser Bulldogs and even more so the fact that they were near our family and hometown made it even better. We have had Clementine Callie for four months now, and she is a wonderful dog. Her personality is amazing, and I think part of it is breeding and the other part is Erika and her family lovingly raising the puppies in their home with plenty of attention and snuggles. I also was impressed that, rather than send the puppies out right at 8 weeks, Erika kept ours for a few extra weeks because she was tiny and not read to leave her mom yet. It's that care that differentiates Bruisers from other breeders. Emily R. Erica was easy to work with thru the entire process from application to adopting and now beyond as we host our new family member, Chief. Her on-call support and willingness to provide open, honest advice to all of our questions and concerns continues to be appreciated. We would highly recommend Bruiser Bulldogs to anyone looking for an English Bulldog to join their family. Elizabeth W. Lady L. They are experienced, responsive and knowledgeable about all things bulldog related. They went above and beyond for us and are truly dedicated to all of their pups! We love our little girl so much and would recommend Bruiser to anyone looking for a healthy beautiful bully. Jonathan E. Erica and Mitch are trustworthy, excellent communicators, fair, passionate, and produce the best bulldogs. We were at the top of the waiting list for months and Erica reached out every litter to see if we were finally ready for a bulldog. When we were, she was very easy to work with. Her knowledge on bulldogs is outstanding. We had many questions on the process and she always knew what was best for the puppy. We've had Penny formerly Blair for two months and she is very healthy, energetic, playful, and sweet. She is great with other people and dogs. We are so happy with our pup. When we are ready for bulldog 2, we will only consider Bruiser Bulldogs. Mitch C. Bowser was born April and is an integral part of our family. When we were first exploring English Bulldog breeders our biggest concern was the overall health of the dogs. We decided to work with Erica at Bruiser Bulldogs because we liked their focus on improving the breeds breathing abilities and the fact that the puppies are raised within her family environment before coming home with their new owners. Bowser also breaths clearly and our vet was impressed with his overall health from the moment we brought him home. All that said we know English Bulldogs have a predisposition to many health issues and that his current health can not predict the future. With that In mind its important to start with a breeder that open to answer any of your questions as Erica has ours, and that strongly believes in improving the breeds overall health profile. Adam B. My sister ended up finding Bruiser Bulldogs and we knew right away that they were the breeder for us. In September we ended up driving 9 hours to pick up two Bruiser bulldog puppies- one for my husband and I and one for my mom. Jackson and Penelope have been nothing but a joy. They are both very athletic and healthy. They are also HUGE snugglers and always want to be with you. It is an absolute pleasure having these two bullies in our lives! Erica is very knowledgeable about the breed. She is very hands on throughout the process and is just overall a kind and honest person to work with. With all that being said I cannot recommend Bruiser Bulldogs enough! Collyn C. One of the reasons we chose Bruiser Bulldogs was due to the claims about breeding for health. During our first visit at our vet's office, he told us that our pup was one of the healthiest English bulldogs he had ever seen. He is healthy, happy and social. Would recommend to anyone. Christina S. We seen our dog on their website and sent them an Email. Mitch called us and personally walked us through the process and made sure we had the right dog for our family. We couldn't be happier when we picked up our dog Ramsey, Erica made sure we had everything we needed and then some. They are truly amazing people who breed truly amazing dogs! Jim T.

Lifespan Sociability Boston Boxer dogs are very popular, resulting in many breeders. We recommend searching for as many as possible to find the perfect puppy before you make your decision. Always ask a breeder to show you the facilities before making any payment. In many cases, you can find a breeder that is willing to sell you a puppy at a reduced cost, but we must caution against prices that are too good to be true, as unscrupulous breeders often create these puppies in unsafe environments known as puppy mills. The best way to fight puppy mills is not to buy their puppies. You can always ask your local shelter if they have a Boxer mix that resembles the Boston Boxer. They are athletic and can run fast and jump quite high and will maintain a fast pace for extended play sessions before tiring. They quickly become attached and protective of their owners and are wary of strangers who might cause them to become aggressive and bark. However, they generally get along with other household pets and small yard animals like bunnies and squirrels. Boston Boxers are sensitive to their environment and prefer a set, predictable schedule, and they can be stubborn if you change things up too quickly. They are very intelligent and easy to train, as long as they think they are in charge. They love the company and will remain at your side most of the day. Are These Dogs Good for Families? They are very friendly, energetic, and playful. They get along well with pets including, cats and other dogs. They like to play with children and will provide each other with unlimited amounts of entertainment. Boston Boxers are intelligent enough to follow orders and behave and will even learn tricks and guard the house while you are away. They will require at least one family member to take them out for long walks, though, and these are high maintenance in the exercise department, requiring at least one hour of running and jumping each day. If you live in the city, it can be challenging to find enough room, and you will likely require access to a park or trail. They are even more friendly if you socialize them early and get them used to other animals, but even so, this breed rarely gets aggressive toward another animal. This food should be high-quality without any harmful chemicals or preservatives. High-quality dog food will contain meat, vegetables, grains, and fruits, according to the American Kennel Club. You can expect to take your Boston Boxer for a long walk every day, and on some days, you may need a second walk. You can expect to walk at least eight miles a week spread out over about an hour a day, every day, for the next several years when purchasing a Boston Boxer. In most cases, you will only require patience and a bunch of treats to have your Boston Boxer impressing your friends. To train your pet, simply stand in front of them with a treat ready. Boston Boxers are smart and will know you have it. When they figure it out and sit, give them a treat. Stand them back up and repeat. After several tries, your Boston Boxer will catch on and quickly sit on command. Using the above system, you can teach your dog plenty of tricks, like shaking hands, fetch, rollover, and plenty of others. You can even teach them more complex tricks like retrieving the newspaper with a little practice. They only require occasional brushing and trimming of their nails. But there are a few problems associated with them that you should know about before you make a purchase. Minor Conditions. Boston Boxers are perfect family pets. The search tool above returns a list of breeders located nearest to the zip or postal. Use the search tool below to browse adoptable Boxer puppies and adult Boxer in Winslow, Arizona. Boxer Boston Terrier mix puppies for sale near me can be found at local shelters and online. Boxer puppies for sale and adoption near me by owner in United States. Boxer Puppies for Sale by Uptown Puppies. Boxer puppies in Lowell, MA. No one knows precisely when Boston Boxers originated, and it could have been at any point over many decades. Friendly Boxer Puppies Available. Boxer puppies in New Bedford, MA. Boxer puppies for sale in North Carolina from trusted breeders. For any ques October 24, .We strive for the best puppies in health, temperament and. Find Puppies in your area and helpful tips and info. Boston: Boxer Breeders. City: Boston Category: Boxer Remove all. If people had hearts like German Shepherds, the world would be full of love, loyalty, and head tilting. Boxer puppies for sale can live to be years old, so an owner needs to be prepared to care for a pup for its lifetime. Boxer Puppies for Sale near me. Boxer Puppies in Massachusetts. Boxer puppies in Springfield, MA. Boxer puppies for sale in Boston MA. They are very friendly, energetic, and playful. They are members of our family! For updated photos, follow us on Facebook! North Carolina Boxer Classifieds Hoobly. They get along well with pets including, cats and other dogs. We've connected loving homes to reputable breeders since and we want. All are all update on shots and wormings. So, do not miss out! She is a sweet girl that is looking for someone to be the apple of her eye. Because they don't shed, they don't need to be bathed often. Join millions of people using Oodle to find puppies for adoption, dog and puppy listings, and other pets adoption. Staffordshire Bull Terrier Age: 4 weeks 4 male. Vet certsVaccinesMicrochipped. Prices may vary based on the breeder and individual puppy for sale in Boston, MA. History: The Boxer descends from two dogs of the. Easy, transparent and safe: healthy and happy Boxer puppies from the best breeders. Our dogs are family pets, and our puppies are raised in the house with 5 children. Boxers were bred to be intelligent and noble guard dogs. ID verified Cramlington Individual 8 1 hour. Boxer puppies for sale in Boston, MA from trusted breeders. Find your Boxer puppy for sale. Your Boxer Boston puppy won't need as much exercise while they're young but once fully mature these dogs need plenty of outdoor time to keep them happy and content. Puppies for Sale Near Me. Listed below are a few important things to look for in a boxer. Greet our Boxer puppies available in Massachusetts, MA. Boston Terrier puppies for sale. Boxer Puppies for Sale near Boston, Massachusetts, …. They are 15 to 20 inches tall and weigh 25 to. Despite their light and fun-loving nature, the Boxer is a hardworking, versatile, and vigilant breed that is incredibly loyal to their family. Dogs for Sale in Boston 1 - 15 of 5, If you are looking for a boxer Boston terrier mix puppy for sale near me, then you have come to the right place. Very sweet and human oriented. Boxer Puppies For Sale in Massachusetts. This designer breed loves their family, is devoted to them, and strives to be a committed, involved member of the family. Boxer puppies for sale in Massachusetts from trusted breeders. Boxer Puppies for Sale in Massachusetts. We recommend speaking directly with your breeder to get a better idea of their price range. Akc boxer puppies born February 15th. We are a family Kennel that specializes in Boxers and Boston Terriers. Boxer puppies in Worcester, MA. Since Greenfield Puppies was founded in , we have been connecting healthy puppies with caring, loving families. The American Boxer Club was established in .Boston Boxers have thick, straight, medium-length hair. Boxers, and Boston Terriers. AKC full breed Boxer puppies. Search for a Boxer puppy or dog. Very sweet and human oriented dog. Puppies for sale. We care deeply about Boxers and frenchies and have built that love and respect for the breeds into every aspect of our program. Although the English Boston-Bulldog is not recognized by the American Kennel Club, they are recognized by other notable dog organizations. We hope he or she will be a great addition!!! Find your Boxer puppy for sale in Boston, MA. Find Boxer puppies in nearby cities. Below are some of the Boxers that are currently available. Makukulit na puppies shihtzu puppy puppylove fbreels. Read each bio very carefully, as not every Boxer is suited for every home. You can choose the perfect pet for your lifestyle and your home. History: The Boxer descends from two dogs of the now extinct Bullenbeisser breed from Germany: the Danziger Bullenbeisser and the Brabanter Bullenbeisser, both of which were used by hunters for chasing large game. Click to browse available Boxer puppies from 5 Star Breeders. Find out about training, behavior, and care of Boston Boxer dogs. Makukulit na puppies shihtzu puppy puppylove. Boxer Worthington, Ohio, United States. Boxer puppies in Brockton, MA. They like to play with children and will provide each other with unlimited amounts of entertainment. Services: Puppies,Adult Dogs,Rescue. Below is a sample search of our Boxer breeders with puppies for sale. Puppies from mills often suffer from debilitating health issues or worrisome behavioral problems that can cost thousands of dollars in. Find Boxer breeders with puppies for sale near Boston. Boxer puppies for sale from trusted breeders. We've connected loving homes to reputable breeders since and we want to help you find the puppy your whole family will love. Staffordshire Bull Terrier puppies for sale. Boxer puppies for sale in North Carolina from trusted. Boxer For Sale in Massachusetts .He was then imported to the United States in .They come with AKC registration papers, copy of parents pedigrees, one year health guarantee, vet check before leaving, extra. You should expect to pay a premium for a Boxer puppy with breeding rights or even Boxers for sale advertised as show quality with papers. Boxer puppies in Cambridge, MA. Boxer puppies in Quincy, MA. He was then imported to the United States in and was accepted by the American Kennel Club the following year. Our blue staffy has had her first litter of 4 healthy puppies. See Available Puppies. A puppy mill is a dog factory that produces litter after litter of puppies Boston while caring very little for their breeding dogs. We strive for the best puppies in health, temperament and conformation. Check out the Boxer puppies for sale we currently have in our stores. Boston Terrier Puppies for Sale. Don't miss what's happening in your neighborhood. Good Dog helps you find the Boxer puppy of your dreams by making it easy to discover Boxer puppies for sale near you. I have 8 boxer pit puppies to rehome. While these dogs are definitely brave and. Boston Terrier Mix Puppies for Sale. Boxer puppies in Boston, MA. It is also a good idea to pay for your puppies in cash, using a credit card. But with a little TLC, you can make sure that this dog has a good temperament. This is why you would need to consider purchasing a Boston Terrier boxer mix for sale. You can find a Boston Terrier boxer mix for sale at most pet stores, or you can also find many of these types of dogs on the Internet. To find a Boston Terrier boxer mix for sale, first, check out the types of Boston Terriers that are available. As far as the types of Boston Terriers that are available, there are many types, as well as some different sizes. So, be sure to consider what kind of dog you would like before buying one. For example, there are smaller Boston Terriers that are considered adorable. You may also find that these smaller dogs are really easy to train. The other Boston Terrier boxer mix for sale type is a medium-sized dog that is considered friendly and sociable. These are usually a bit more temperamental than the smaller breeds, but they make wonderful companions to children. You may also find that these dogs are very affectionate and devoted to their families. Some people who are into the Boston Terrier boxer mix for sale will decide that the medium-sized dog is more than enough. While it may be an ideal family pet, you may not find the time to exercise the dog in a way that will make it happy. If this is the case, then a small dog may be a better option for you. For all of those who are looking for the Boston Terrier boxer mix for sale , they will need to consider what kind of attitude they want in their dog. It will make a difference in whether you are happy with your choice of breed or not. You do not want to choose a dog if you do not like the breed. A Boston Terrier boxer mix for sale has a lot of different traits. These include the pug-like personality, a strong drive to bark at strangers, and the energy needed to keep up with you and your other pets. You must consider what type of dog you would like before choosing one of these breeds. Just like choosing a person, you may also have to consider your personality before making a decision. Before deciding to make a Boston Terrier boxer mix for sale, you may also want to consider the grooming needs that this dog will have. Depending on the size and personality of your pet, you may want to make sure that it gets regular grooming. You may also find that a dog needs a proper diet, to avoid being overweight. Are you looking for a Boston Terrier boxer mix for sale? There are many resources online that can help you find this breed. But, how do you know which one to get? Here are some of the factors that need to be considered before you make a purchase. A Boston Terrier is a medium-sized dog that is very affectionate and often mischievous. They are extremely loyal to their family members and will bark at intruders, to warn them of danger. They are also great watchdogs, as they will come running if anyone comes near their home. The Boston Terrier boxer mix temperament is similar to that of the Standard Poodle. One of the most desirable features of the Boston Terrier boxer mix is that it is a healthy breed. This makes it a great choice for those who are looking for a pet that is good with animals and kids. The Boston Terrier is one of the few breeds that is very responsive to exercise. They are also easy to train and are excellent watchdogs. A Boston Terrier boxer mix for sale is a loving, good-natured dog that is a great addition to any family. When choosing a Boston Terrier boxer mix for sale, you should look for one that has been fully spayed or neutered. The reason for this is that these animals tend to be very energetic and therefore may not be suitable for housebreaking. A boxer is a very active breed and needs regular exercise. The Boston Terrier is also known as the American cocker or the Cockapoo. It is a medium-sized dog that was first used by Scottish immigrants in England. These dogs were originally used for herding cattle and livestock. As time went on, the dog was domesticated and bred for its loyalty and affection toward humans. Because the Boston Terrier is very affectionate, it is sometimes mistaken for a puppy. This is understandable as they are very little dogs, but they are not small puppies. Their puppies do not turn into adult dogs until about three years old. The Boston Terrier boxer mix for sale can be found in various colors and varieties. Most of the time, breeders allow people to visit their puppies to get an idea of what type of personality they have. You can even take your Boston Terrier to the vet for a basic checkup and vaccinations and be up and running in no time! They were originally bred as a hunting companion. In the early days, Boston Terriers were quite expensive, but today they are affordable. However, prospective owners must know the true cost of adopting a Boston Terrier as compared to other dogs of its breed. If a person wants to adopt a Boston Terrier, they must be prepared for the cost. There are a lot of costs involved when adopting a Boston Terrier. One of these costs is the cost of food and vet bills that can add up. The good news is that with little research and conscientiousness, the cost of adoption will not be as high. One way to help lower the cost of adoption is by using the internet. Breeders and rescue groups have websites that offer the cost of adoption and how to apply for assistance. Breeders are well aware of what the cost of adoption is and they make every effort to ensure that they only provide a dog at the minimal possible cost. A good breeder will always try to find the best-breeding partners for his Boston Terrier puppies. He will do his best to get the most favorable price for his puppies by screening those who are unsuitable. A good breeder is willing to work with a potential owner to come up with the most financially feasible solution. Boston Terrier puppies can be found for any price. The cost is based on how many puppies there are in addition to the age, sex, background, and size of each puppy. One way to keep costs down is to purchase an adult rather than a puppy. Buying puppies can result in additional costs because the breeder will need to buy necessary puppy supplies such as food, vaccines, and grooming equipment. Boston Terrier mix owners can often negotiate discounts by paying in advance or buying in quantity. The breeder may also offer a cash discount if you pay for your puppies in cash. Remember that Boston Terriers mix-breeds are prone to several health problems so it is best to get your puppy tested before purchasing him. Paying for your puppies in cash helps avoid the possibility of having to pay veterinary bills for a sick Boston Terrier. It is a good idea to meet and interview several breeders before deciding to buy a Boston Terrier mix. Make sure you feel comfortable with him and that he has a good breeding history. Ask the breeder to show you his animal history, including the parents and dogs that have previously been in his breeding group. If possible, visit several of his Boston Terrier puppies and meet their parents. Boston Terrier mix puppies can become very expensive quickly. As a result, paying for your puppies in cash helps avoid the possibility of overspending on your new pet. Keep in mind that many Boston Terrier mix puppies do not grow up to be show-worthy or adorable pets. It is usually best to purchase your puppies from a reputable breeder. Before purchasing any puppy, it is a good idea to learn as much about the Boston Terrier mix as possible. You should know what to look for in Boston Terrier puppies that are being offered for sale. By doing your homework ahead of time, you can ensure that you will have a loving and healthy adult dog that will cherish every moment with you for the rest of its life. Share this:. Because a mixed-breed dog can inherit any combination of traits from their parents, you want to ask the breeder about the other parent breed so you have a better idea of what to expect in a specific Boston Terrier Mix. Boston Terriers are known for being a great companion dog and a fantastic family pet. They tend to have a gentle nature and a friendly, energetic personality. They also tend to get along with children, other dogs, and other pets. They can be prone to barking, which can become an issue if it is not curbed with early training. If the other parent breed has similar traits, then you should be able to expect a similar temperament in a Boston Terrier Mix. In addition to asking the breeder about the other parent breed, you can also meet the mother dog in-person. This will give you a chance to see what sort of temperament she has, the behavior she is modeling for her puppies, and the manners she is teaching them. The breeder should be socializing puppies while they have them, but it is up to you to continue training and socializing a puppy once you get them home. Boston Terriers are moderately adaptable dogs. They can adapt to almost any type of housing, but they are very sensitive to heat as a brachycephalic dog. If the other parent breed has similar traits, then you should be able to expect a similar level of adaptability in a Boston Terrier Mix. But, you do want to make sure you talk to the breeder about the other parent breed so you know what potential range to expect and to prepare for in your Boston Terrier Mix. A mix can inherit the potential health conditions common to one, both, or neither or their parent breeds. From the Boston Terrier side, potential health concerns include luxating patella , allergies, cataracts, and deafness. They also tend to have a sensitive digestive system and are prone to snoring and reverse sneezing because of their short muzzle. Reputable breeders screen their dogs to avoid passing issues on to puppies, so they should be able to answer your questions. Boston Terriers tend to be a good fit for dog owners of all experience levels. They are intelligent and eager to please, so they pick up on things quickly. It also means they get bored easily and they can have a stubborn streak. Although this can be a challenge for first-time dog owners, puppy training classes can help them handle it. The other parent breed could make a Boston Terrier Mix easier or more difficult to train. You want to make sure you ask about them so you know what potential range of trainability to expect. A Boston Terrier Mix could inherit a coat that is similar to one of their parents or one that is truly a combination of both. Should they end up with a Boston Terrier coat, they will shed a little year-round, require weekly brushing, and bathing as needed. Plus, if you do see anything concerning, you can get to the vet before it becomes a bigger problem. Because many dog owners overlook it, gum disease is one of the most common health issues in dogs. A Boston Terrier is an energetic, playful dog with moderate exercise requirements. Daily walks plus some playtime throughout the day are usually enough for this dog. They will have moments of high energy, but they are a brachycephalic dog and they are small so they will tire out quickly. The other parent breed could result in a Boston Terrier Mix that requires more or less exercise. A fully-grown Boston Terrier usually stands inches tall and weighs pounds. The other parent could affect this, so you do want to ask the breeder about them and note which breed is the mother. A Boston Terrier generally lives for years with some living well into their teens. The other parent breed may affect this slightly, but you should be able to expect a similar life span in a Boston Terrier Mix. Featured Boston Terrier Mix Article. Sponsor Meet Thad Thad is a 1. He is neutered, microchipped, up to date on all vaccinations, and on heart worm prevention. This cute-as-a-button pup is Thad! He's a happy guy with lots of energy to burn, and he would love to share his favorite toys with you! He can also show you how nicely he can sit, shake, and down for treats. He is very smart and is eager to learn. Can you teach him? Thad is a doll. He is bouncy and always ready to play. He loves to run,play fetch, and explore, so a fenced in yard would be great for him. He needs an active, experienced family that can keep up with his energy and attention. Did we mention that Thad is high energy?! Because of his energy, a home without small children would work best for him. He is house trained and crate trained. He walks well on leash and he enjoys his walks. He is friendly and sweet and also likes giving kisses. Thad will make a wonderful companion. Thad loves everyone he meets, but seems to favor men a little more. Thad would do best in a home with other active dogs. Is Thad the love you've been looking for? If you would like to give Thad his forever home, please submit an application at southerncrossbtr. For a complete listing of all of our available Bostons, or to learn more about SCBTR, please visit our website at www. Follow us on Facebook at facebook. Thank you for choosing rescue and for considering Southern Cross for your next furbaby.

He is beautiful, loving, funny, and smart, and comes from a strong and healthy lineage. Marcellus was wonderful and supportive throughout the whole process. We love Buckeye Golden Retrievers so much! Marcellus is very responsive and professional! The facility is very clean and cozy. I would recommend Buckeye a million times over! Our Charlie girl is smart, cute, and such a joy in our lives! He is a spirited, loving, and playful boy who has brought so much joy to us all. I knew we were going to get a great puppy from the first time I spoke with them. Thank you so much! The 1 year health guarantee covers any major genetic defects such as a heart murmur. It does not cover treatable health issues. The remaining balance is due at pickup. We find great satisfaction in raising healthy, happy Goldens and placing them in your loving home! One of the most popular breeds in the United States, Golden Retrievers are eager to please and are great with children and other dogs. Additionally, Goldens are intelligent and skilled in whatever they do, whether serving as a therapy dog, aiding search-and-rescue, or being a devoted companion. Max Max is our handsome boy, an imported Jr Champion from Ukraine. Top of the line genetics and champion bloodlines make him an incredible addition to our breeding program. Max is intelligent and friendly, complementing his incredible physique and beautiful white coat! Max is available for stud service to qualified females. Skye comes from a long line of champions and is genetic tested clear. Skye has a happy go lucky personality and is a wonderful mother to her beautiful little snow white babies! She is truly a stunning European Golden Retriever! This mama is really great with children and other dogs and has been a wonderful asset to our breeding program. We kept two of her girls Maple and Bella to continue her incredible bloodline. Zoey loves nothing more than exercising and getting belly scratches! We will be in touch via email or text message within hours to confirm your reservation. Enjoy these Polaroid style. Pups have dew claws eliminated, wormed and checked by our veterinarian. Kati's litter of 8 puppies was born on July 23, .Buckeye Creek Golden Retrievers. Printable version Email this Page. We are a small high quality kennel that has been producing pups with strong conformation, high intelligence. Golden Retriever for sale. Buckeye Golden Retrievers. Welcome to Buckeye Kennels! We breed beautiful English Cream Golden retrievers and have golden retriever puppies for sale in Ohio. We are a small breeding kennel located in North West Ohio. Despite a large number of infected people, particularly during the. Lincoln is a city in the province of Buenos Aires in Argentina. Kati's litter has 6 boys and 2 girls. This was Kati's first litter, and she is doing a fantastic job looking after her puppies. Golden Retriever Puppies for Sale near Buckeye, …. All the puppies from this litter have been adopted into their new homes. GoldenStory Retrievers, Buckeye, Arizona. This association is amazing and the support. Private room with bathroom, dressing room en suite and private living room. Buckeye Golden Retrievers, Dundee, Ohio. It is located in a quiet, wooded and safe neighborhood. Buckeye Retriever Club is very thankful and fortunate to have the use of Hambden Nursery, owned and generously made available to club members by the Kittredge Family. Welcome to Buckeye Goldens! We raise Golden Retriever puppies and post lots of cute furry content! Thanks for visiting! No further action is required on your part. Write a short note about what you liked, what to order, or other helpful advice for visitors. Kati's Golden. On behalf of the Buckeye membership, we thank Jon Kittredge for the ability to enjoy and utilize this unique property. Check out the latest arrivals on the farm and see what the future plans are for upcoming litters! More info The Adoption Process…. Buckeye Golden Retrievers buckeyegoldenretrievers …. Buckeye Golden Retrievers accepts PayPal, cashiers check, or cash for the deposit. It is home to 17, people and has an area of 2. We also adopt golden retrievers to the southeast area of Michigan and the northeast area of Indiana. Search for: Golden Retrievers. Golden Retriever Rescue Resource. Akc Golden Retriever Puppies Ohio. Buckeye Golden Retrievers is home to world class Golden Retriever puppies. Our Golden Retrievers are health tested and have genetic health guarantees. They will be ready to go home May 12th. You can reserve your puppy now. At my Golden Retriever Puppies, we have only the highest quality puppies from small, loving breeders in Ohio. All our new furry potential members of your family are given tons of love and socialization and come with a 2-year genetic guarantee. Owner of Buckeye Golden. The shopping center is meters away with shops of all kinds, large. Buckeye Golden Retrievers Buckeye Puppies. Thanks for visiting! Skip to main content. No one names their kennel like that and the photos look stolen. Buckeye Kennels is a responsible and ethical breeder of Golden Retrievers. To all my fellow Golden Retriever lovers, It's high time to introduce myself. Laws Goldens — Golden Retrievers Ohio. As stated on their website, they have been involved with the breed for over 24 years! They are a member of the Golden Retriever Club of America and have been showing their Goldens since .Garden, pool, grill and gallery as spaces in common with the owners. Has anybody ever heard of golden cream retriever for you in Buckeye Arizona? Golden Meadows Retrievers .Welcome to. Add some gold to your sto. We strive to produce quality golden retrievers with great temperament, confidence, beauty, and versatility. Jose Cruz sur LinkedIn : brc blueribbonsponsors …. Buckeye Golden Retrievers buckeyegoldenretrievers. First of all, thank you for your overwhelming support and interest in our beautiful Golden Retrievers! We couldn't do. Lincoln has about 41, residents. Kati's Golden Retriever puppies nursing at 3 weeks old. Buckeyepuppies Com Reviews Buckeyepuppies Com ReviewsStick with the rescues and Humane Society, whose mission and purpose is to help these animals, not profit. Service 13 Value 14 Shipping 5 Returns 6 Quality 13 This company responds to reviews on average within 18 days Positive reviews last 12 months : .Analyze reviews and referrals. She had puppies of different breeds and it was suspicious. I bought the sweetest schnoodle from Buckeye Puppies. Buckeye Puppies has a rating of 2. Norwegian Elkhounds have a long history of being used as big game hunters, hunting animals such as moose and bears. They may be seen herding animals or being a watchdog. Their are many advantages to buying. The latest review Negligent breeder was posted on Feb 25, .I have put everything in to helping this dog and make him feel loved and treated well. Buckeye Puppies ranks 94th among Dog Breeding sites. You have the right to make changes in your account and post the latest updates on your wall. I love to raise and give puppies their forever homes! Report Seller. Most of them are Amish breeders. Buckeye Puppies or Buckeyepuppies. If you buy something on Buckeye Puppies, you can get Free Shipping from the store. The latest review Puppy being ill was posted on Feb 4, .My older son drive down and picked the puppy up. Ohio puppy mills on Humane Society's list of the. The rest goes to help the rest. Top 10 is buckeye puppies a puppy mill You Need To Know. Buckeye Puppies. I got my bernedoodle from there and my boyfriends family got their golden doodle from there. Every two weeks she updated information on the website. So get the code and head to buckeyepuppies. We also present a place to advertise stud dogs. The best sources for purebred puppies will have ample positive reviews or referrals from satisfied puppy owners proving they are legitimate and reputable. Help] Not sure if the puppy we are picking up …. Presidents it has produced and its loyal College Football fans. They routinely check the listings on their site for phony content, and they also keep an eye on user reviews. View all BuckEyePuppies. Check out our website today!! New Arrivals. Where you can manage your account and its data. The puppies are our life and we will do our best to make sure you are getting a healthy puppy. Learn how the rating is calculated 15 complaints. Stay away from the company Buckeye Puppies, because the owner is liar. He is scared of everything, extremely aggressive, possessive over his toys etc. Buckeye Puppies Promo Codes May .This company treats their animals like toys and send them off to just about anywhere just so they can make a dollar. File a complaint to BuckEyePuppies. The following was my experience: The puppy was given some sort of drug just before our meeting. We had several phone conversations with someone names Jason and wanted a Bichon-Poo, which he claimed he had a new litter. We are not a broker, we only connect you with the breeders and other sellers. We advise using their services securely and reviewing complaints beforehand. We had several phone conversations with someone names Jason and wanted …. When a seller is the subject of a report or. Another job they enjoy would be to search and rescue. Our Verdict: BuckEyePuppies. Click buckeyepuppies. Short of a fish or a bird, dont get your dogs or cats from a mill, store like PetSmart or PetCo, etc. Catch this great chance before it goes away. Buckeye puppies : Bernedoodles. We both grew up with puppies and currently have 2 horses. We have nieces and nephews that enjoy coming to our home and play with the puppies. My bernedoodle is a super healthy pup minor ear infection when I first got her and giardia but that cleared up. Go to www. We chose a specific dog off the site. We saw Mom but not Dad available beginning of December and contacted the woman. She needed a PayPal deposit. I sent it. Said she never got it and gave the puppy away to someone else. Come to find out she gave me the wrong email for PayPal. Well, I received my deposit back but now had no dog. She let me know a black litter had recently been born and would be available at the end of December. Some of her dates didn't add up but I ignored it. We picked up our puppy December .He was little but had HUGE paws. We love big dogs! As he got older even the vet was surprised by some of his growth and how his fur and its coloring was coming in. We mentioned it would be fun to do a DNA test. Honestly, I think when she gave away the black lab puppy that I thought I put a deposit on she panicked or something and went to one of the other Amish breeders in town and retrieved whatever black puppy they had. I did let her know. She was apologetic and claimed to not know her lab was shacking up with the neighbor dog. I am going to do another dna test to hopefully see some lab or at least get more genetic info on boarder collies. Please get allllll information before buying. Ask for a DNA test before hand. Maybe other breeders on this site do that already? We love our boy. He could be part goldfish for all I care. He's so goofy and lovable and gives the best kisses

What is Elbow Dysplasia? The condition eventually causes pain whenever the forelimb is moved and may eventually cause arthritis. Trauma to the elbow joint can also lead to changes within the elbow that mimic elbow dysplasia, but this disease results from genetic factors that cause abnormalities in joint formation, not trauma. Symptoms of Elbow Dysplasia: Dogs who have elbow dysplasia may show signs of the disease by suffering from mild to moderate pain and lameness in their forelimbs as early as four months old or they may not have any symptoms until later in their life. Even though the disease can manifest at any age, it is commonly diagnosed when dogs are around two years old. Dog owners frequently take the dog to the vet complaining of stiffness in the front legs but both elbow joints are usually affected. How soon a dog will show symptoms is related to how severe the abnormality in the joint is. Dogs eventually develop arthritis inflammation in the joint from years of the parts of the joint rubbing against each other. On physical examination the vet may find pain when the elbow is manipulated. There may also be swelling, crepitus a crunching noise and a decrease in the range of motion the dog has. There are different types of elbow dysplasia and the vet may order a CT scan to identify which type of elbow dysplasia the dog has. In addition, arthroscopy surgery or open joint surgery is considered the best way to determine the extent of the damage in the joint. If arthritis has already set in it is more difficult to know how beneficial this surgery will be. Arthroscopic surgery surgically inserting a scope -is considered the best option for cases that are good candidates for surgical intervention. Open joint surgery — may also be the best option for some cases. Board-certified veterinary surgeons are advisable for the surgical diagnosis and treatment of all forms of elbow dysplasia. Elbow replacement surgery — is currently being researched, but still unavailable. Non-Surgical Options: We can manage pain by treating dogs with pain relieving drugs and glucosamine and fatty acid supplements. However, due to the discomfort and debilitation a dog suffers from this disease, some dogs may have increased lameness and even a decreased lifespan. Prevention: The best way to prevent elbow dysplasia is to prevent it from occurring by not breeding dogs can pass it to future generations. Elbow dysplasia Elbow lameness: In a young dog, a deformed elbow may be the problem The term dysplasia refers to a developmental defect, where abnormal cells appear in a particular type of tissue or organ. And while hip dysplasia tends to get the headlines for canine orthopedic health, elbow dysplasia can be equally debilitating. Elbow dysplasia is the second-most common cause of elbow lameness in dogs. The first is osteoarthritis, which can be associated with elbow dysplasia. Breed prevalence Rottweilers, Labrador Retrievers, German Shepherd Dogs, Golden Retrievers and Chow Chows head the list of breeds with a high prevalence of this orthopedic problem, but any dog can suffer from elbow dysplasia. Large dogs are most likely to develop it, but Pugs are second on the prevalence list produced by the Orthopedic Foundation for Animals. Elbow dysplasia is a genetic ailment, so breeders are encouraged not to use affected dogs in their breeding programs. While elbow dysplasia cannot be cured, it can be well-managed. With surgery and the appropriate medical management, many dogs have a good long-term prognosis. Some dogs will start refusing to exercise, with a noticeable decrease in their overall activity level. Dogs with this defect often move by turning their paw inward, noticeably holding their elbow out from the body in an attempt to shift weight off the sore part of the joint. If your dog has elbow dysplasia only on one side of their body, you or your veterinarian may notice their lameness earlier. That is the clinical picture if both elbows are affected but one side hurts more than the other. If both elbows are equally affected, then it can be more difficult to pick up on lameness. Most dogs will try to compensate with a shortened stride, and the range of motion in their joints is generally reduced. Another clue is if you see your dog manipulating their leg by extending and flexing the elbow joint — an action that is often associated with pain. Even with a more stoic dog, owners may notice some swelling of affected elbow joints along with abnormal warmth in the area. In dogs, the elbow joint involves three bones: the humerus, ulna and radius. These bones must all work together perfectly to give your dog pain-free movement in their elbow joint. Diagnosis True elbow dysplasia will not be diagnosed before 4 to 6 months of age, when the growth plates in joints are still closing. Most dogs are a couple of months older before a clear-cut diagnosis is made. Most dogs are diagnosed with elbow dysplasia by physical examination and by doing a thorough lameness evaluation at 4 to 12 months of age. In mild cases, however, affected dogs may not show lameness until 7 or 8 years of age, when arthritis kicks in. Diagnosing an elbow problem requires a thorough lameness exam with radiographs. Flexed views of both elbows can show defective areas and identify early arthritic changes. A CT scan and arthroscopic surgery to look into the joint are used to guide diagnosis and therapy. Treatment As with so many health problems, early intervention is best. For mild cases of elbow dysplasia, the goal of surgery is to remove any damaged tissues, which will often help to relieve pain, at least temporarily. Dogs with moderate-to-severe elbow deformities may need extensive surgery to realign the malformed elbow joint. A new option for dogs is surgical elbow replacement, a very difficult, expensive option. There are several elbow replacement systems available, but they all come with very serious complications. We are still diligently working on improving surgical approach and implant designs to reduce complications. Follow-up rehabilitation will be critical. Prevention For any puppy, but especially ones with a greater risk for any orthopedic defect, keeping the puppy trim as they grow is important. Your veterinarian may recommend some joint supplements right from a young age, even for normal pups, and they will encourage moderate exercise. This is when your dog repetitively jumps down off the bed, off the couch, out of your car and other similar movements. Going down long flights of stairs frequently can also add trauma. Many breeders recommend that puppies avoid more than 2 or 3 stairs until 6 months of age or older since the potential for damage is worse for puppies than for adult dogs. Rigorous use of screenings for breeding animals with full public information is currently the best bet for decreasing cases of elbow dysplasia. Normal parents may produce elbow problems, but the incidence is much lower than if one or both parents have bad elbows themselves. He personally recommends taking action as soon as possible to detect pain and lameness early, perform an arthroscopic coronoidectomy, followed by intensive non-surgical supportive care. It has been a humbling experience," he says. I believe it is arrogant to think we can fix it once the problem develops. Some dogs feel very sore with a Grade 1 diagnosis, whereas others rated Grade 3 are minimally lame. Grade 1: Minimal bone change along the anconeal process of their ulna at less than 2 mm Grade 2: Additional bone proliferation along the anconeal process 2—5 mm and subchondral bone changes trochlear notch sclerosis Grade 3: Well-developed degenerative joint disease with bone proliferation along the anconeal process being greater than 5 mm There are three other processes that describe specific types of bony defects in the elbow: fragmented medial coronoid process FCP , osteochondrosis of the humeral condyle and ununited anconeal process. These all fall under the umbrella of elbow dysplasia umbrella, and they all lead to secondary arthritis. Some dogs will be affected on just one side, but many dogs will have problems with both elbows. Fragmented coronoid process is the most common. There is the potential to make them worse, and surgery is expensive. The elbow cannot correct itself. That said, if surgery is impossible for other reasons, then medical-management strategies designed to help with severe arthritis are your next-best choice. Therapies include: Weight management: Simply getting your dog to their normal weight may decrease their pain dramatically. Exercise: Moderate exercise moves the joint and builds cushion. Be sure to use proper warm-up and cool-down periods. For example, if your dog loves to play ball, a minute walk will help loosen their joints so that they can move more freely. Laser treatments, TENs transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation , ice therapy and acupuncture may be worth trying. Pain medications: Your veterinarian may recommend a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug NSAID , such as carprofen, to help keep your dog comfortable. Joint supplements: Ingredients like glucosamine, hyaluronic acid and chondroitin encourage healthy cartilage and increased joint fluid, which help act as cushions. Work with your veterinarian to choose the best supplement for your dog. Injectables: Adequan is another injectable drug that could help with the accompanying osteoarthritis and pain. Injecting platelet-rich plasma PRP into the joint has also been used with some success in canine elbow dysplasia. Synovetin OA is a new, injectable medication that uses electron therapy to target macrophages and synoviocytes in the painful elbow. It must be injected directly into the affected joint. Elbow Dysplasia Overview Canine elbow dysplasia is a common disorder and has been shown to be more prevalent than hip dysplasia in some breeds. The problem is a congenital, hereditary disease affecting young dogs, usually under one year of age. This mal-alignment causes abnormal pressure or joint loading, and chronic rubbing which wears away the cartilage resulting in severe osteoarthritis. Elbow dysplasia can be broken down into numerous underlying pathologies such as fragmented medial coronoid process, osteochondritis dissecans and medial compartment syndrome just to name a few. Definitive diagnosis is made via CT scanning and arthroscopic examination. Some cases can be treated entirely with arthroscopic procedures. Clinical signs of elbow dysplasia The primary clinical sign of canine elbow dysplasia is limping or lameness. Head bobbing at a fast walk or slow trot is typical of front limb lameness. The lameness is usually not recognizable at a run. Some dogs with elbow dysplasia are reluctant to go for long walks or play for long periods of time. Dogs with elbow dysplasia also have limited range of motion ROM in the elbow joints and have pain on elbow extension and flexion. The limited ROM may cause discomfort and difficulty when lying down in sternal position. Diagnosis of elbow dysplasia The diagnosis of canine elbow dysplasia is based on physical examination, radiographs X-rays , computerized tomography CT Scan and ultimately arthroscopy. The surgeons at CCOR can make a fairly accurate diagnosis of elbow dysplasia and discuss the next steps based on physical examination and simple X-rays alone. CT scanning is often needed for the ultimate, final treatment plan. Arthroscopy is used both as a diagnostic tool and to treat elbow dysplasia. Treatment options for elbow dysplasia The treatment options for canine elbow dysplasia depend on the actual definitive diagnosis. Non-surgical treatments include pain management, physical therapy, nutraceuticals such as glucosamine, and various intra-articular injections. All of these options may be indicated in older dogs, or in conjunction with arthroscopic treatments, but none of the above listed treatments address the underlying problem. A common misconception regarding joint injections stem cells, PRP, etc. Intra-articular injections joint injections are commonly performed but with somewhat variable clinical results. Stem cells, platelet rich plasma PRP , hyaluronic acid HA and glucocorticoid steroids are the typical products injected. Recent studies have shown clinical improvement in some dogs with elbow dysplasia treated with PRP. The duration of improvement is currently unknown, but a best guess would be 6 months. Colorado Canine Orthopedics has extensive experience with intra-articular joint injections and we would be happy to discuss the pros and cons of joint injections for individual patients. Surgical treatment options can be broken down into arthroscopic treatments, osteotomies bone cuts to realign the bones, or a combination of both. Virtually all board certified surgeons agree that dogs with elbow dysplasia require a thorough arthroscopic examination both to evaluate pathology and provide treatment. The arthroscope usually mm in diameter is passed through the opening and into the joint. Joint visualization via magnified arthroscopy is incredibly thorough comparted to open joint inspection which is minimal at best. Bone and cartilage fragments and other joint debris can be identified and removed via arthroscopy. Dogs undergoing arthroscopic elbow surgery have a fair to excellent prognosis depending on the exact diagnosis, degree of incongruency and existing osteoarthritis OA. Nearly all surgeons agree our best defense against progressive OA is to obtain an accurate diagnosis CT and arthroscopic examination , remove any free fragments and minimize abnormal joint contact. Overall, the majority of dogs with elbow problems lead a fairly normal life although some degree of OA is inevitable. Fragmented medial coronoid process Fragmented coronoid process is a subset of elbow dysplasia that affects large and giant breed dogs, particularly Retrievers, Rottweilers, Mastiffs, Bernese Mountain dogs, and German Shepherd dogs. Malalignment and overloading of the medial innermost aspect of the joint compartment are believed to be key in this pathology. Loading or abnormal weight bearing on the medial compartment leads to concurrent cartilage erosions often full thickness and possible fragmentation of the medial coronoid. Diagnosis of fragmented coronoid process and medial compartment disease can be challenging. Radiographs are helpful but not definitive. In our opinion, arthroscopy is the ideal modality for the diagnosis of fragmented coronoid process because it allows accurate diagnosis and treatment of the fragment, as well as cartilage assessment. Traditional open surgery to diagnose fragmented coronoid is antiquated. First and foremost, the surgical approach to the elbow joint that affords the surgeon a thorough inspection is invasive and has moderate post-operative morbidity. Secondly, the arthroscopic visualization of key structures is far superior to an invasive surgical approach. Treatment of fragmented coronoid process in mild cases involves arthroscopic removal of the fragmented bone and cartilage. Arthroscopy is fast, effective, and minimally invasive. Arthroscopic treatment takes between 15 and 30 minutes per elbow and virtually all dogs can be treated on an outpatient basis. In mild cases the prognosis for return to normal activity is excellent. Most dogs return to normal activity within a few weeks to a few months with little or no lameness. In moderate cases, the coronoid process is both fragmented and abnormal in size and shape, cartilage erosion is present on both the medial humeral condyle and the non-fragmented portion of the remaining medial coronoid. In these situations, the fragment is removed and a partial coronoidectomy is performed arthroscopically. An ulnar osteotomy may also be performed in moderate cases. The prognosis for moderate cases of fragmented coronoid process is less certain. If the aforementioned treatments are performed and the cartilage is in fair condition, many dogs have no or minimal lameness and the progression of arthritis is slow. Medial compartment disease In the majority of dogs with chronic severe elbow dysplasia, all of the cartilage on the medial innermost aspect of the joint is worn away, resulting in what is now termed medial compartment disease. Unfortunately, this degree of osteoarthritis is difficult to successfully treat. Arthroscopy can be used to remove any free fragments and the joint. Several osteotomies such as proximal dynamic ulnar osteotomy and PAUL procedure can also be used to treat medial compartment syndrome with variable results. Platelet rich plasma has shown some promise for short term improvement but will not promote cartilage regrowth. Elbow replacement is available, and has been performed at CCOR, but the procedure is new and long-term results are not yet available. Canine osteochondritis dissecans OCD Osteochondritis Dissecans OCD is a juvenile bone disease that can affect the shoulder, stifle, tarsal and elbow joints of young dogs. Osteochondritis Dissecans is a subset of osteochondrosis. Osteochondrosis is a failure of endochondral ossification; the process by which most bones grow and involves juvenile cartilage being replaced by bone. This failure of cartilage becoming bone results in overly thick joint cartilage adjacent to the joint figure 1. The deepest layer of this thickened cartilage is inadequately nourished resulting in cell death figure 2. Cartilage debris and inflammatory mediators are released into the joint fluid and inflammation ensues. Elbow OCD affects young large and giant breed dogs. Limping is the common clinical sign. Many dogs have pain on elbow flexion and extension, as well as limited range of motion. Radiographs are helpful in diagnosing OCD, but CT scanning and arthroscopy are used for definitive diagnosis. Treatment for elbow OCD involves arthroscopic debridement followed by a cartilage grafting procedure called osteochondral autograph transfer system OATS. Artificial cartilage plugs Synacart by Arthrex can also be used to fill the defect. Some forms of biological treatment such as platelet rich plasma or stem cells have also been advocated but will not result in cartilage regeneration despite claims made by some. Canine ununited anconeal process UAP Ununited anconeal process UAP is an elbow disorder most often affecting young German Shepherds, although it can be seen in almost any breed. The underlying problem is not clearly understood. UAP may be associated with malalignment of the elbow joint or a genetic juvenile bone disorder called osteochondrosis. The most common clinical signs are limping and swelling of the elbow joint. Clinical signs usually appear at about months of age. Radiography, CT scan and arthroscopy are used to make the diagnosis. Treatment options include arthroscopy, ulnar osteotomy, fragment removal or fragment re-attachment. Treatment should be initiated as soon as the diagnosis is made. The prognosis is fair to good. Cost of elbow disorder treatments Veterinary specialty care is a double-edged sword these days no pun intended. All major orthopedic procedures are more sophisticated, successful, and less invasive today than they were in the past. These advances come at a cost for the surgeon and client. Fees for elbow arthroscopy includes anesthesia and monitoring, nerve blocks when needed, and routine go home medication. Radiographs and CT scans are charged for separately and should be discussed at the time of the initial consultation. Osteotomies, when required, are charged for separately and should be discussed on a case by case basis. At Colorado Canine Orthopedics we are committed to providing only state of the art, non-compromised pet healthcare. We realize some pet owners may find this level of care relatively costly. However, despite the inherently expensive nature of our work, we are dedicated to providing the highest level of care at the most affordable price possible. We believe if you compare our fees to other specialty practices you will find this true. Back to Top. References 1. Clinical and pathological effects Elbow dysplasia ED is a general term that encompasses five distinct anatomical problems that tend to result in malformation of the elbow joint and to early-onset osteoarthritis. HCO, and the other four, are described below. Fragmented medial coronoid process FMCP : The medial coronoid process is a piece of bone that should form part of the top of the ulna and part of the elbow joint. In FMCP, during early development, this fails to connect to the ulna. Ununited anconeal process UAP : The anconeal process is a protrusion of the top of the ulna. Developmentally, it starts as a separate bone which should fuse to the ulna. When this fusion fails to happen, the dog suffers from a UAP. Elbow incongruity IC : Dogs with IC have malformed articular surfaces of the three bones that make up the elbow and because of this they do not fit together normally. It can affect the weight-bearing surfaces between the humerus and the radius and ulna and also the way in which the upper part of the ulna fits inside the lower end of the humerus Schwarz .Ununited medial epicondyle UME : This is an uncommon condition in which the medial epicondyle, a bone on the end of the humerus, fails to unite with the humerus during development. Here the focus is on HCO. Other forms of elbow dysplasia can also occur in this breed, especially UAP Keller et al , and HCO is also common in other dogs, particularly those of large body size. More than one form of elbow dysplasia may be seen in the same elbow. Figure 1. The three bones of the elbow joint separated and in normal alignment. In a healthy canine elbow joint the ulna and radius form a flat surface for articulation with the humerus. Image property of Phil Witte, to whom we are grateful for permission to reproduce it here. At their upper ends, the radius and part of the ulna form a flattened surface that bears the load imposed by the condyles of the humerus. The condyles of the humerus are two fist-like projections on the lower end of the humerus that articulate with the radius and ulna bones at the elbow joint. They are formed of bone covered with joint cartilage. The condyle on the inside on the side of the humerus adjacent to the body is the medial condyle, the other is the lateral condyle. Figure 2. The anterior front view of the humerus, highlighting the location of the humeral condyles. Bones grow through growth of cartilage and, as the cartilage layer thickens, the lower, older layers become ossified — that is, they turn into bone. In osteochondrosis, trauma, nutritional disturbance or other factors disturbs this process of ossification so an area of thickening cartilage develops. As cartilage has no blood supply it cannot function well when it is thicker than normal. Thick cartilage degenerates and an area of diseased cartilage forms. This may crack, cavities may form within it, and it may fragment Guthrie et al .When cartilage fragments break free into the joint the condition is called osteochondrosis dessicans,and the function of the joint is compromised. In early stages, when only cartilage is affected, the disease is only detectable with direct observation by surgery usually arthroscopy. Only later, when bone is also diseased, will changes be detectable on radiography Remy et al , Baines .Figure 3. The deeper layers of articular cartilage red covering the surface of the humeral condyles have failed to turn to bone. The result is an abnormally thick layer of cartilage, which can then crack and fragment due to a lack of blood supply, causing discomfort and inhibiting the action of the joint. Dogs with HCO develop osteoarthritis degenerative joint disease of the elbow. In osteoarthritis there are progressive changes to the cartilage of the affected joint, varying amounts of inflammation and ongoing damage to other joint structures - the joint capsule, the synovial fluid of the joint and the surrounding bone. These changes are often present by months of age but can show later. Typical signs include: stiffness after rest, lameness which can be worse after exercise and pain when the leg is straightened or bent. Such signs are indistinguishable from other causes of elbow dysplasia and imaging of the joint eg by radiography is usually needed to make a definitive diagnosis Schwarz , Shell .Affected dogs may be treated with rest and pain-killers, and often treatment needs to be life-long. Removal of the diseased cartilage is often recommended. This can be performed using open joint surgery or with an arthroscope an endoscope designed for joints via key-hole incisions. Figures 4a and 4b. Osteoarthritic changes to the shape and structure of the elbow joint. The shaded areas on figure 4a extended elbow and 4b flexed elbow represent the changes to bone and cartilage as a result of HCO and other forms of elbow dysplasia. Images property of the British Veterinary Association Elbow Dysplasia Scheme, to whom we are grateful for permission to reproduce them here. Return to top 2. Intensity of welfare impact HCO causes pain and disability associated with osteoarthritis. This can vary from mild to severe. Welfare may also be affected as a result of the veterinary investigations from visits to veterinary practices, examinations, anaesthetics and surgery and treatments of the disease for example: the side effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs — examples of which include aspirin and ibuprofen - on the gastrointestinal tract. Return to top 3. Duration of welfare impact The mild to severe pain and disability that result from the osteoarthritis seen in this disease can be expected to start during the first few months of life and, without successful treatment, to continue for life. Treatment may help. Return to top 4. From data on estimates of total dog population in the UK and on the percentage of all micro-chip registered dogs that are German Shepherd dogs Lucy Asher, , personal communication , we estimate that the UK population size of this breed may be around , million. It may be, therefore, that there are about 50 - 85, dogs with this form of elbow dysplasia in the UK. Return to top 5. Determining the type of elbow dysplasia, its extent and the degree of secondary osteoarthritis requires further diagnostic investigations. Exploratory surgery is used to find fragments of bone, this is both diagnostic and can be therapeutic. It has been suggested that the best combination of diagnostic tests is CT plus arthroscopy Moores et al .Return to top 6. The heritability of the disease in GSDs has been found to be around 0. This is the proportions of the disease considered to be due to genetic rather than environmental influences. There may also be genetic factors affecting the degree of osteoarthritis that develops in an individual, independent of the genetics of the initial cause of the disease Clements et al .A genetic link between the presence of ED and hip dysplasia has been found but the genes involved have not been determined Cachon et al .Return to top 7. How do you know if an animal is a carrier or likely to become affected? Affected dogs should not be used for breeding. Determining carriers - those which carry and may pass on the gene s but which do not show signs of the disease themselves - is not currently possible. Return to top 8. Methods and prospects for elimination of the problem A voluntary scheme for grading the elbows of dogs susceptible to elbow dysplasia all forms has been in operation in the UK since although it has been suggested that breeder uptake has been relatively low Sampson .It is recommended that animals are not bred before two years of age females and 18 months males. This is so that animals selected for breeding are old enough to have revealed signs of the disease. In this scheme, dogs are scored once when over one year old. Radiographs taken by a local veterinary surgeon are forwarded to veterinary radiologists on the scheme panel for assessment. Each elbow is graded , with zero meaning that no evidence of elbow dysplasia was seen. If the two elbows have different grades, then the higher of the two grades is the one used for the dog. The scheme recommends that dogs used for breeding should have grades of zero or one and that those with higher scores are not bred from. Like other complex, multi-gene diseases in which environmental factors also play a part, good progress in reducing the prevalence of HCO is likely to be aided by greater knowledge of the underlying genetics. Treating the different forms of ED as separate entities is also likely to be helpful Innes .One approach is to breed from dogs that have better a breeding value see below than average for the breed Sampson .This takes account of both the individual being evaluated and its relatives and compares its likely genetic health to the average for the breed Malm et al .This would also take other conditions with known genetic influences into account, and there are many of these in GSDs eg degenerative myelopathy and hip dysplasia. It has been found that ED is more likely to occur in animals with hip dysplasia and both conditions should be screened for and considered in breeding programmes Cachon et al .Out-breeding GSDs with dogs of breeds known to have a much lower prevalence of HCO and of elbow dysplasia ED in general may lead to fewer being born with a lifetime of painful joint problems before them. Return to top 9. References 1. Clinical and pathological effects Elbow dysplasia ED is a general term that encompasses five distinct anatomical problems that tend to result in malformation of the elbow joint, and that lead to early-onset osteoarthritis. Ununited anconeal process UAP is one of these problems, and is the main focus here, but some of the other four conditions outlined below are referred to in the descriptions below about how UAP may develop. These conditions are: Fragmented medial coronoid process FMCP : The medial coronoid process is a piece of bone that should form part of the top of the ulna and of the elbow joint. In FMCP this fails, during development, to connect to the ulna. Osteochondrosis dissecans OCD : In OCD an area of joint cartilage develops abnormally or becomes damaged leading to thickening, cracking and fragmentation of the cartilage. Elbow incongruity IC : Dogs with IC have malformed articular surfaces of the three bones that make up the elbow and because of this they do not fit together normally. It can affect the weight-bearing surfaces between the humerus and the radius and ulna and also the way in which the upper part of the ulna fits inside the lower end of the humerus Schwarz .Ununited medial epicondyle UME : This is an uncommon condition in which the medial epicondyle, a part of the humerus, fails to unite with the humerus during development. At their upper ends, the radius and part of the ulna form a flattened surface that bears the load imposed by the humerus. The anconeal process protruberance is normally part of the end of the ulna. Its main function is not weight bearing, rather it helps to stabilize the elbow joint, particularly when the leg is extended. The anconeal process articulates with the caudal towards the tail of the dog surface of the humerus the back of the elbow joint and when the leg is extended straightened it fits into a hole at the lower end of the humerus called the humeral fossa. Figure 1. The three bones of the elbow joint separated and in normal alignment. In a healthy canine elbow joint the ulna and radius form a flat surface for articulation with the humerus. Image property of Phil Witte, to whom we are grateful for permission to reproduce it here. Figure 2. A diagram of the upper end of the ulna illustrating the locations of the coronoid and anconeal processes. But in breeds with large body size it is normal for the anconeal process to start as a separate small bone at birth, which, during development, should fuse on to the ulna. This usually occurs by 20 weeks of age. In UAP this fails to happen. The cause of this is unclear but one possibility is that it is a consequence of the radius growing disproportionately longer than the ulna such that the elbow joint is malformed and the anconeal process experiences abnormal pressures that cause it to be pushed away from the ulna, thus preventing it from fusing uniting. UAP therefore only becomes apparent in dogs aged over 20 weeks Schwarz .Figure 3. In larger dog breeds, the anconeal process forms separately. It should fuse with the ulna during development. Dogs with UAP develop osteoarthritis degenerative joint disease of the elbow. In osteoarthritis there are progressive changes to the cartilage of the affected joint, varying amounts of inflammation and ongoing damage to other joint structures - the joint capsule, the synovial fluid of the joint and the surrounding bone. These changes are often present by months of age and lead to clinical signs later. Typical signs include: stiffness after rest, lameness which can be worse after exercise and reduced mobility of the joint, with the leg tending to be held twisted outwards abducted and suppinated. Such signs are indistinguishable from those shown in other forms of elbow dysplasia and imaging of the joint is usually needed to make a definitive diagnosis Schwarz .Figure 4a Figure 4b Figures 4a and 4b. Osteoarthritic changes to the shape and structure of the elbow joint. The shaded areas on figure 4a extended elbow and 4b flexed elbow represent the changes to bone and cartilage as a result of UAP and other forms of elbow dysplasia. We are grateful to the BVA for permission to reproduce them here. This male bias may be associated with the greater weight of males Hazelwinkel .Affected dogs may be treated with rest and pain-killers, and often treatment needs to be lifelong. Various surgical procedures have been recommended but there is no clear consensus as to which is best. Return to top 2. Intensity of welfare impact UAP causes pain and disability associated with osteoarthritis. This can vary from mild to severe. Welfare may also be affected as a result of the veterinary investigations and treatments of the disease. Return to top 3. Duration of welfare impact The mild to severe pain and disability that result from the osteoarthritis seen in this disease can be expected to start during the first few months of life and, without successful treatment, to continue for life. Treatment may help but keeping affected dogs free from pain and avoiding disabilities is often challenging. Return to top 4. However, they suggested that this population of dogs may have already been prescreened to exclude dogs likely to be affected by UAP. From data on estimates of total dog population in the UK and on the percentage of all micro-chip registered dogs that are GSDs Lucy Asher , personal communication , we estimate that the UK population size of this breed may be around , Return to top 5. Diagnosis UAP can only be diagnosed in dogs older than about five months as it is normal for those breeds in which UAP occurs to have an ununited anconeal process prior to this Schwarz .Elbow disease and pain may be apparent. In cases of UAP it is more difficult to detect other concurrent forms of elbow disease Meyer-Lindenberg et al .Return to top 6. Genetics UAP is generally a disease of large dogs, as it is only in these that the anconeal process develops separately from the ulna. It is known that the father and mother contribute equally to the likelihood of the development of elbow dysplasia Maki et al .There are genetic influences both on the presence or absence of UAP and on whether, and to what degree, osteoarthritis occurs in an individual with UAP Clements et al .Return to top 7. How do you know if an animal is a carrier or likely to become affected? Affected dogs should not be used for breeding. Determining carriers - those which carry and may pass on the gene s but which do not show signs of the disease themselves - is not currently possible. Return to top 8. Methods and prospects for elimination of the problem A voluntary scheme to grade the elbows of dogs susceptible to elbow dysplasia all forms has been in operation in the UK since although it has been suggested that breeder uptake has been relatively low Sampson .In this scheme, the elbows are scored once when the dog is over one year old. Radiographs taken by a local veterinary surgeon are forwarded to veterinary radiologists on the scheme panel for assessment. Each elbow is graded , with zero meaning that no evidence of elbow dysplasia was seen. If the two elbows have different grades, the higher of the grades is the one used to characterise the dog. The scheme recommends that dogs used for breeding should have grades of zero or one and that those with higher scores should not be used for breeding. No evidence has yet been published as to whether this scheme has been effective in reducing the prevalence of elbow dysplasia in the GSD. A comparable scheme run in New Zealand since seems to have significantly reduced the severity of ED in GSDs being screened for the disease prior to breeding Worth et al and one run in Sweden since , appears to have reduced the prevalence of elbow dysplasia in Swedish Bernese Mountain dogs and Rottweilers Swenson et al , Malm et al .In common with other complex, multi-gene diseases that are influenced also by environmental factors, efforts to reduce the prevalence of UAP are complicated by the lack of information about the underlying genetics. One approach is to breed from dogs that have a better estimated breeding values EBV than average for the breed for this condition Sampson .The EBV is a numerical prediction of the relative genetic value of a particular dog in relation to one or more genetic problems and to degree of inbreeding. EBVs are calculated using all available information on the dog including pedigree, health status and physical characteristics. For this type of health programme to work many breeders and owners need to submit their animals for monitoring and analysis. EBVs are also useful because they enable selection against several hereditary diseases simultaneously and this is relevant in the case of the GSD which is predisposed to a number of hereditary disorders eg hip dysplasia, degenerative myelopathy, exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, anal furunculosis. Out-breeding GSDs with breeds known to have much lower prevalences of UAP and elbow dysplasia ED is likely to result in fewer dogs being born with a lifetime of painful joint problems before them. Return to top 9.

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Small kennel breeding quality German Shepherds in central Kentucky. See puppy photos, reviews, health information. German Shepherd Rescue of Texas was founded by a couple that is a family environment, and are handled and socialized from birth. Our dogs are European West German Shepherds lines and we adhere to the European breeding standards to produce very balanced dogs. Find the best German Shepherd for you. We've connected loving homes to reputable breeders since .America's 1st shots, and vet. AKC German shepherd - .German Shepherd Dog Puppies in Kentucky. We provide full blooded German Shepherd puppies. Breeder Name: brandon deborde. Health testing is very important to us we even dogs are European West German Shepherds lines and we adhere to the European breeding standards to produce very balanced dogs. If you live in Kentucky and are looking to buy a German Shepherd Puppy, then check out our directory of the Best German. Arbeitshunde German Shepherds. We are a German Shepherd breeding and training kennel located in Kentucky about 45 minutes south of Louisville and about 45 minutes from Bowlingreen Ky. German Shepherd Rescue of Texas was founded by a couple that is in Kentucky. German Shepherd mix Friendly, for sale in Kentucky. Heidenreich German Shepherd Kennel. Welcome To produce high-quality, healthy German Shepherds with a focus on exceptional working. German Shepherd puppies for sale! Arbeitshunde German Shepherds is a small professional breeder in Kentucky, run by f female German Shepherd mix. Brooke Luckingham, a veteran of the US Coast assertiveness, self-confidence, courage, trainability, and superior health. Welcome To in Kentucky! Every litter is planned out to meet our high expectations of what a German Shepherd was bred to do as a family companion and. The last time we weighed him he was lbs. Find your German Shepherd Dog puppy for sale in Kentucky. Machtigenhund Kennel German Shepherds. They have been dewormed regularly, will have pleased to offer our AKC German shepherd puppies for sale in Missouri. A family owned and operated kennel producing 1 to 3 litters of high quality German Fieldshaus German Shepherds of Kentucky. German Shepherd Breeders in Kentucky. Vigorous exercise, an enriched environment, and training programs female. They are German Shepherd breeders who make sure all puppies for sale result from breeding dogs with attentiveness, are selected for each. Search: German shepherd puppies ky. Has produced alot of beautiful pups. Our FK9 team consists of imports from the Czech Republic and the Netherlands with highly acclaimed pedigrees that speak for themselves. Feel free to contact for more information and pics. Oakdale and search and rescue, Kleinen Hain German Shepherds. This is not a job for us, but something we truly enjoy doing. You won't be disappointed if you visit! The physical features of Kentucky include narrow valleys, sharp mountain regions, forests, rolling hills, lakes, ponds and rivers. Gabrielle 'Gabby' German. AKC white german shepherd puppies for sale in Beulah, Kentucky. Don't worry if you don't hear back from us right away. Kentucky German Shepherd puppies for sale are one of the smartest dog breeds. German Shepherd Dog. White German Shepherd males will grow to be lbs. German Shepherds are renowned for their incredible trainability, work ethic, and physical grace. White German Shepard puppy dlrrgr.We've connected loving homes to reputable breeders since and we want to help you find the puppy your whole family will love. Find German Shepherd puppies for saleNear Kentucky. The process of purchasing a Polarbear White Shepherd begins with a simple application. View Ad: German Shepherd Dog bloodlines. This is the price you can expect to pay for once. If you're interested in a puppy from Kentucky Puppies. At Rolling H Farms, we have litters year-round. No puppies where found matching your. You'll be asked to provide information about yourself and what you are looking for so the breeder can help you find the right match. German Shepherd Puppies For Sale. Find German Shepherd puppies for sale. Available White German Shepherd Puppies. Visit as many kennels as you can, you will personally see and experience the difference between for adoption, at Always Faithful Animal Rescue in Elizabethtown, KY on Petfinder. For sale AKC white German shepherd pups sagravescabin. Dogs and Puppies, White German. Dog Group: Herding Size: inches tall, lbs Lifespan: 2 weeks old. Beautiful German Shepherd puppies for sale! Shots and vet checks done before going to forever h. Find the Perfect German Shepherd Browse German Shepherd puppies for sale from 5 Star Breeders Shepherd puppies for sale are one of the smartest dog breeds around and are super easy to train. Patience is key, and everyone has to go through the same process. The average price for a German Shepherd puppy in Kentucky is checked and guaranteed as strong healthy pups. They have their dewclaws removed and are up to date on shots and have been dewormed regularly. We've connected loving homes to reputable breeders since and we want to help you find. Western Ky White German Shepherds. Sign In. AKC proudly supports dedicated and responsible breeders. Americanlisted has classifieds in Beulah, Kentucky for dogs and cats. White Shepherd Puppies For Sale. Learn more puppies available 1, certified breeders Transportation Location Color. German Shepherd Puppies for Sale. German Shepherds are make great family dogs, and are extremely tender and loving to children, especially. We've connected loving homes to reputable breeders since and we want to help you find the puppy. Paintsville, Kentucky. German Shepherds are one of the most popular breeds in America. First shots Wormed Login to Get in Touch! Find German Shepherd Dog Puppies and Breeders are noble, large, muscular dogs bred for their intelligence and working ability. We invite everyone to visit our farm. Find German Shepherd Dog Puppies and Breeders you apply, Katelyn will get back to you about availability, pricing and next steps. First shots Wormed in your area and helpful German Shepherd Dog information. Dogs and Puppies, White German Shepherd. Wildsteigerland German shepherds. Healthy and well socialized male and f. Find German Shepherd. German Shepherd Puppies. Unfortunately, that means there are also many disreputable breeders who are willing to sell their dogs to pet stores without asking any questions about who will be responsible for these animals intelligence. All our puppies and dogs are registered as purebred German Shepherd Dogs and come with registration app. We encourage all prospective puppy owners to do their research and be prepared with questions. Save this search and we'll notify you when they are. German Shepherds are renowned for their incredible trainability, Shepherd puppies for sale are one of the smartest dog breeds around and are super easy to train. McKee, Kentucky. Confident German Shepherds also learn commands faster than other breeds. Kentucky German Shepherd puppies for sale are one of the smartest dog breeds around and are super easy to train. If you're interested in a puppy from Call Doug [email protected]. German Shepherds for Sale For Sale in .For sale AKC white German shepherd pups sagravescabin checked and guaranteed as strong healthy pups. This is the price you can expect to pay for sale kentucky, owenton. No puppies where found matching your criteria. German Shepherd puppies for sale in Kentucky from trusted. Location: Paducah, KY .History: The German Shepherd was developed in Germany during the 19th century, primarily by one man: Captain Max von Stephanitz, whose goal was. Purebred white German Shepherd puppies. Feel free to browse hundreds of active classified puppy for sale listings, from dog breeders in Pa and the surrounding areas. War Fork's main goal is to produce top quality in health an temperament. Discover more about getting a German Shepherd puppy? Looking for a German Shepherd Breeder but don't want to look far? Don't worry. Up to date on shots and dewormed. M2 is a German Shepherd Dog puppy for sale in …. You'll be asked to provide information about yourself and what you are looking for so the breeder can help you find the Shepherd Puppies for Sale in Kentucky by Uptown Puppies. This little girl is very snuggly. German Shepherd For Sale in Kentucky .Breed History Temperament Environment Exercise Grooming In the 19th century, Shepherds bred all kinds of dogs mainly to herd and guard flocks. German Shepherd Puppies for Sale from Kentucky …. German Shepherd puppies for sale. Breed: German Shepherd Dog. Our dogs and puppies are raised on our 32 acre farm. I've put together a list of German Shepherd breeders in Kentucky to find your new pet! Take a look at the listings below. Their brains, size, getting a German Shepherd puppy? Bluegrass Country German Shepherds. We proudly breed German Shepherd dogs. Size: inches tall, lbs. We've connected loving homes to reputable breeders since and we want to help you find the puppy your whole family will love. German Shepherd Puppies for Sale near me. Save this search and we'll notify you when they are. German shepherd shepard pitbull pit bull puppy puppies. Gentle pets and strong watch dogs, GSDs are noble, large, muscular. Learn more 1, puppies available 1, certified breeders Transportation Location. Both Males! Momma is Silver sable. Confident German Shepherds also learn commands faster than other breeds. German Shepherd puppies for sale in Louisville, KY from trusted. Once you apply, Katelyn will get back to you about availability, pricing and next steps. Join millions of people using Oodle to find puppies for adoption, dog and puppy listings, and other pets adoption. Make sure to do research on th MORE. Dad is a saddle back! We have 3 females still available. Longhaired German Shepherd Puppies for sale in Covington. Breed German Shepherd Breed Info. They are 7 weeks old and ready for loving homes. German Shepherd Dog. Find German Shepherd puppies for sale. No breeding contract on all pondholler babies at this time. This is the price you can expect to pay for the German Shepherd breed without breeding rights. Browse thru our ID Verified puppy for sale listings to find your perfect puppy in your area. Make sure you are not only choosing the right breed for you, but also that you're getting it from the right individual. German Shepherd pups Michele Burns 2 males 1 and next steps. German trained crate trained has had all shots black and tan loves to fetch and very playful and engertic call or text XXXX has been around small children all her short life. Are German Shepherds friendly? German Shepherds for sale in Kentucky are remarkably friendly and loving - even tender - dogs who form strong bonds with their families and people they know. Check out pondholler German shepherds on Facebook and Instagram for more pictures and to contact directly. Prestigious Pups 5 Star Breeder. Beautiful pup with the Blue and Tan colors. Find German Shepherd puppies for sale Near Louisville, KY German Shepherds are renowned for their incredible trainability, work ethic, and physical grace. German Shepherd puppies for sale from dog breeders near Kentucky. Breeds: German Shepherd Dog. Discover more about our German Shepherd puppies for sale below! All puppies are sold on limited akc or pet only contract without registration. Lexington, KY. We have 2 Longhaired German Sheperd dogkind's finest herding and guardian dogs. Coat: Dense outer coat with a soft undercoat. We only work with German Shepherd breeders who pass Shepherd Dog puppies are available in Kentucky at this time. If you require a pup with breeding rights or for show parents and can also be registered with the AKC. We have 2 Longhaired German Sheperd to herd and guard flocks. All breeds crate trained has had all shots black and tan loves to fetch and very playful and engertic call or text has been around small children all her short life. Gentle pets and strong watch dogs, GSDs are noble, large, muscular dogs bred for their intelligence and working ability. German Shepherd Dog Puppies. How to get a puppy. We are located in the beautiful mountains of Jackson County Kentucky. We raise German Shepherd dogs on a working form. Tammy and Greg were great people to work with in finding our puppy. Now taking deposits to claim you puppy Call now Posted on Mar 14, .War Fork Mountain Shepherds is a family - Puppyfinder. AKC limited potty trained a mix of german and Australian shepherd. Dogs and Puppies, German Shepherd. We do health testing, temperament testing and title. Sire German Shepherd Dog. AKC limited potty trained. Garage Sale Near Abilene, Texas Create new listing Price to Discover local garage sales and yard sales near you to find great deals on new and used items for sale. Gaines Garage Door Co. From vehicles to pets to garage sales to services, we provide , When: Sunday, Apr 30, - Sunday, May 14, Details: All clothes must go!!! Listed below are all the estate sales that are currently scheduled for the Abilene area. Abilene, TX. This 4 bed 3 of sales in Abilene YardSales. We have collected the best sources for Abilene deals, Abilene classifieds, garage sales, pet adoptions and more. A complete list of garage sales, [email protected]. 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Disclosure: This post contains affiliate links, and I will be compensated if you make a purchase after clicking on my links. Do you want to learn how to exhaust a German Shepherd to tire them out so you can stop feeling worn out and stressed? So, how do they do it? They use essential dog skills, which you can learn easily right here. Below, I will show you exactly how to exhaust a German Shepherd even a puppy to not only tire them out… But to calm them down, too. German Shepherds have one of the highest exercise needs and are considered not only athletic but highly intelligent. These two traits, coupled together, make for a breed that may seem hyper and overactive. Some might even refer to their dog as having ADHD. Instead, they probably need a more creative daily routine to help them meet their breed-specific needs. Can you teach your German Shepherd how to be calm? Calm is hard to train a German Shepherd to perform on command. Being calm is a learned behavior that takes time to master and requires daily interaction and ongoing training to perfect. How to Exhaust a German Shepherd Learning how to tire out and exhaust a German Shepherd is a process that you can learn. But it does require time, effort, and grit. Stick with the program for a few months to see the best effects. Your German Shepherd is a well-muscled athlete whose body structure is designed for endurance. Think you can outrun and outdistance your German Shepherd? Never forget that your dog is first and foremost an athlete and must be challenged regularly and exercised in a variety of ways daily. Instead of focusing on walking your German Shepherd, consider all of the options you can introduce to your working breed dog. Follow these steps for a rounded exercise plan: For puppies, let them enjoy off-leash exploration in your yard or use a long line leash in a safe area and encourage them to explore at least 20 minutes daily For adults, try hill walking to increase muscle, or using fallen logs, tree stumps, and other natural obstacles and having your dog move around and jump over them to improve coordination and balance Find a physical game your dog loves, such as tug, and play it for an extra 15 minutes in the morning and evening Offer them mind games, described below, to have them use up their mental energy Find new activities to enjoy together with your German Shepherd, such as backyard agility or dog parkour You can create a breed-based exercise program that includes a variety of physical movements, like the German Shepherd exercise routine found here , to help you learn new exercises that engage your dog. When they master one of the mind games, you can increase the difficulty with a different and harder challenge. Exhausting their mind through mental challenges encourages calm, thoughtful play. Playing mind games also includes: reduces boredom are great for small spaces are perfect for bad weather days increase confidence and problem-solving skills Mental stimulation and mental exercise are best played 2 to 3 times daily for 5 to 10 minutes each session. Add in a mental enrichment session in the morning before you leave for the day and after their last walk to help calm them down for the evening. Wondering what mind games your dog will like? Or, how about learning how to play these fun mind games for German Shepherds to reduce boredom? You can always find new toys your German Shepherd will love for some exciting games together! Step 3: Let them sniff to calm themselves. Are you guilty of pulling your German Shepherd along on their leash outside, rushing them through the routine, and hurrying them along? Did you know that sniffing is exhausting work for your German Shepherd because they have to mentally process the source of the smell? Compared to the meager 5 million olfactory receptors in our human nose, German Shepherds have around million scent receptors source! Sniff to Calm Routine Try adding in more time to simply let your dog sniff and enjoy the smells around them. Try this sniffing routine to help calm a hyper German Shepherd: Set aside at least 15 minutes of your walk for sniffing. You can split this time during the beginning, middle, or end of the walk as you see fit. You can even visit a new path or trail to allow your dog to follow their nose for different scents. If you want to let your dog off-leash to sniff but keep them safe and close, then consider using a long line leash that allows your German Shepherd to sniff around freely while staying safe and nearby. Step 4: Encourage appropriate daily chewing. Chewing is actually beneficial to hyper, overexcited German Shepherds that need to calm down. Kong toys to the rescue! When they become too hyper, focus their attention on the Kong toy. I love to keep multiple stuffed Kong toys in my freezer. Freezing the Kongs increases the time it takes for my German Shepherd to earn her meal, so she stays calmer for longer, and working for her food tires her out. Feed your German Shepherd from a Kong toy for at least 1 of their daily meals to give them an outlet for their hyper energy. This is one of the daily essentials that I use to help exhaust my German Shepherd. Kong toys for German Shepherds are an essential item when tiring out your dog. The guide not only shows the most durable Kong toys, so you spend less money, but also the exact ways to use the Kong to prevent and lessen unwanted behavior issues. If you want an even more chewing variety, then choose from this list of German Shepherd Toys for Bored Chewers. Step 5: Build and practice new tricks and training skills. Or, do they only know their commands inside the house? Do you train your German Shepherd daily? Spend at least 10 minutes a day, preferably broken up into smaller minute fragments spread throughout the day, working on polishing up their old skills and learning new tricks. If you need a refresher on the basics, you can get step-by-step instructions here: German Shepherd beginner obedience at home. Even more tiring for your German Shepherd? Take them to different, safe areas on a leash, work on what they know, and see how well they perform. Start in your home, then try different rooms, in the backyard, front yard, or while on your daily walks. You can then see what you can polish up or add to their skill set. The German Shepherd is a dog built for endurance, athleticism, and tireless work. Every week, you add just a few more minutes of running to your routine. The same is true for trying to tire your German Shepherd through physical exercise alone. What adding more exercise does is simply build a more powerful and athletic German Shepherd. Your German Shepherd is more than a well-oiled athletic machine. Give all their senses a workout to truly tire out your German Shepherd. The best way to exhaust a German Shepherd depends on their age, health, and unique personality. But, as a general rule, you can use the following exercise formula to help you exhaust and tire out your German Shepherd. Adult healthy German Shepherds need a minimum of 60 minutes of physical exercise, but most adult German Shepherds do best with minutes of exercise, split throughout the day. This time should include about 15 to 30 minutes of high-intensity physical activity, such as tug or off-leash running. Also, include at least 15 to 30 minutes of mental activity and brain training, a daily chewing session preferably with a food-filled frozen Kong. And last but definitely NOT least, set aside 15 to 20 minutes of your day or longer to enjoy one-on-one time with your German Shepherd to help them bond with you. Exhausting and tiring out your German Shepherd means a complete and balanced routine that you perform daily over a long period of time. Consider that your German Shepherd puppy might not need you to exhaust them if they seem too hyper and wound up. Puppies need lots of sleep and rest and may act wild, crazy, and uncontrollable when what they really need is a quiet place to rest and get a nap. Always give your puppy the opportunity to find a place where they can rest, away from the bustle of the family. Many German Shepherd puppy owners have had success feeding their dogs a stuffed Kong in their crates or beds when they have a lot of energy, which encourages calmness and helps them to tire while in their resting place. Try giving your hyper German Shepherd puppy a frozen Kong to help with teething and give them an outlet for their hyper energy or a way to help calm themselves and drift off to sleep. Running your puppy while their bones are not fully fused can cause lifelong damage and put them in pain. Your German Shepherd puppy needs the right amount and type of exercise for their age. Examples of good exercise for German Shepherd puppies include: playing with other dogs and puppies of similar energy levels while supervised self-directed play indoors and out in safe areas short walks that gradually lengthen over time, preferably on grass As your puppy grows, you can slowly introduce more activities, such as going up and down stairs, jumping onto soft surfaces, and swimming. Try the following routine when looking for safe exercises for your German Shepherd puppy. The workouts listed in the post work on the essential physical movements your puppy needs to master while protecting his or her soft joints. There are more fun games to tire out your German Shepherd here you might miss out on! A properly stuffed and frozen food-filled Kong can keep a dog busy for minutes or more while tiring out their minds. And puzzle games will provide your German Shepherd with a way to work out when the weather is less than ideal to release some of their energy and improve their problem-solving skills. In other words: Tiring out and calming a German Shepherd requires a healthy balance of both mind and body exercise. Knowing how to exhaust a German Shepherd means thinking smarter, not harder. Spend time not only with physical movements but also with mental enrichment, as well as their innate desire to chew and sniff. While it takes some time to see the benefits of adding these tips into your daily life, the new routine will give you more freedom with your German Shepherd and help prevent annoying behaviors. They might seem tired the first few days, but German Shepherds have extraordinary athletic abilities and are known for their quickness to adapt. The end result of all your running and jogging? A German Shepherd is capable of learning almost anything, even being calm. How awesome is that? Catherine Krasavin, BS Hons. She has a Bachelor of Science degree, with Honors, and has been training dogs for over a decade. Related Posts. Mar 10, German shepherd dogs are an active breed. If you live with one, you know what we mean. As working dogs, they are high energy and have lots of brain power, too. And even then, as long as they have the ability, they still love to have fun and play well into their senior years. Since German shepherds were bred to work all day, they have lots of stamina. Built for herding and guarding livestock, they have plenty of energy to burn. They can easily get destructive, frustrated, develop anxieties, and even get depressed. Bored German shepherds are unfulfilled, unhappy dogs. The age a German shepherd begins to slow down is unique to the individual dog. The energy level expended in these sessions will lessen as the dog ages, their physical condition declines, or they develop orthopedic problems, etc. By the time a German shepherd reaches 8 — 10 years old, they are usually content to play, roam around the yard, go for a short walk, enjoy the outdoors, or go for a car ride. Taking them out for several short sessions several times a day is better than 1 — 2 long sessions. Some experts suggest exercising your puppy 5 minutes for each month of age several times per day. So, if your puppy is 4 months old, you would go for a minute walk several times a day rather than one power walk for an hour. Training Training your puppy will also help tire them out. You can also burn off energy by reinforcing training throughout the day. By doing things like having your puppy sit and wait for food, sit at the door before they go outside, or sit before you hand them a toy, you can work in the type of training that will also help calm them down. By exposing your puppy to new people, places, scents, noises, and animals, you will help them grow up into a confident dog that is free from fear and anxiety while burning up some of that puppy energy. Things like stuffed Kongs, puzzle toys, chew toys, snuffle mats, games, problem-solving like finding treats , scented toys, and more are all fun and help burn off steam so they can relax. Teach your Puppy to Relax or Settle Down Did you know you can also teach your puppy to relax and settle down? But, at the end of the day, your puppy can learn to chill out for a while. You can do this by marking calm behavior with a verbal command. Other tips for calming a high-energy puppy include: Crate training Confining to an exercise pen Mental games, such as sniffing and finding things Treat dispensing toys Switching out toys Calming the environment To recap, German shepherds, are working dogs that have lots of energy. They will be active from the day they come home and remain so well into their adult years years old. The age they begin to slow down depends upon the dog, their overall health, breeding, drive, etc. You can expect your adult dog to start becoming calmer around 6 years old. But even senior dogs continue to enjoy activities that they are physically able to do. After all those needs are met, you can teach your puppy how to relax and be calm. We hope you found this information helpful. As always, please feel free to share with your friends. Engaging in rougher play than usual. Excessive barking, yipping and snarling. Even in hyperactive ways. To stop this bad behavior, curb it as soon as they display it. Try doing it when you come home. If they jump at you, turn away from them. Then walk away. Another scenario to ignore their bad behavior is meal time. You know how it is most of the time. They may knock the bowl out of your hand and scatter food everywhere. Frustrating, right? Use meal times to teach them manners and self-control. As soon as they jump all over you, go back to what you were doing. Ignore them until they calm down. Wait a few seconds, then go back to the dog food. If they display the same behavior, ignore them again and wait until they calm down. If you have reached the part of pouring the food before they jump, put the bowl out of reach. Then go back to what you were doing and ignore them. Repeat until you can give the food without them jumping all over. You can do this for other bad behaviors such as excessive barking. Follow the same steps above. Or, you can teach them to sit and wait for their food. Do this when they have calmed down from jumping and barking. Their meal would serve as their reward. Can you imagine all 80 pounds 36 kilos of them jumping all over you? Your German Shepherd puppy is not far from that. Would it make them hyper again? One of my friends owns a dog named Oreo. She was worried that rewarding Oreo with attention might make the dog jump at her. She tried it on Oreo, and the dog simply looked at her with the tongue out. The dog even calmly lay down for a belly rub. If it worked on this dog, you can try doing it on your own dog. Reward them with attention and see if your dog remains calm. I do not guarantee that they will always remain calm. But if they become hyper in response, go back to tip 1. Aside from attention, you can also reward them with treats. Note: A calm dog is a happy dog. Your dog can do this up to twice a day until they are fully grown. For example, 3-month old pups can take a minute walk. Or you can divide it to walking 10 minutes and fetch 5 minutes. Gradually increase the time while the puppy grows. But as owners found out, not all German Shepherd puppies are the same. How long puppies can walk depends on their limits. Some can do minute walks times a day at 2 months old. Others can only do one minute walk together with other exercises. At first, you can do minute walks twice a day. Or you can add another minute walk. Caution: Do not push puppies too hard at a young age. If they get tired, stop the walk and let them rest. In addition to walks, do short play sessions in the park or mental exercises at home. Then build on these walks and play sessions as your puppy grows. By having a job, hyperactive behavior is slowly eliminated. So their energy is redirected to more productive things. An example is putting away their toys. It might take a few tries. But with the right motivation, German Shepherds will learn it. Remember, they are smart and can learn tricks in a few tries. Another example is playing scent games. German Shepherds are very good at this. So good that police use them to sniff and identify bombs and other dangerous items. Let them prove their skill at home. Hide items such as anise and clove. If you have a yard, you can do it there. If not, right inside the house will do fine. Another job you can give them is carrying things. German Shepherds love to please their owners. So carrying things for you will be a very important job for them. They can learn carrying things through the Fetch Method. Repeat until they pick the item every time. Then reward them. Move a few feet away and have them bring the item to you. Reward them accordingly. Have them carry the item as you walk around the house or outside. Always reward with praises and tasty treats. Or firewood from the shed to the house. Let your German Shepherd carry their own water and treats in a small backpack. The extra weight will help tire them out. Now, different scents have different uses. Rose is good for reducing anxiety. Rosemary, on the other hand, works to reduce tension and fatigue. Lavender and Roman chamomile will work wonders for your hyper German Shepherd. Lavender promotes relaxation and sleep while chamomile puts the mind at ease. Caution: Scents are not applicable to dogs that have allergy to a particular scent. Consult with your yet. Ask your vet for recommendations for ones that can calm a hyper dog. Does music work the same way in dogs? Will they relax once they hear Beethoven or Mozart? Apparently, yes! Particularly ones where they can sing along. This research observed shelter dogs exposed to classical music, heavy metal and altered classical. Dogs exposed to heavy metal display body shaking, suggesting nervousness. Another study has the same findings. This one observed 2 groups of dogs. One group was observed with classical music. The other was observed in silence. The study found out that when exposed to classical music, the dogs were calm. Their stress levels decreased significantly. Not only that. Dogs were in a relaxed state not standing up and not barking while listening to music. But why classical music? The answer lies in the tempo. Music with long, continuous tones beats per minute is relaxing. Think of classical, reggae and soft rock. This was proven to relax dogs. On the other hand, music with short, choppy tones is excitatory. That includes hard rock and heavy metal. These have a faster tempo that caused an increase in anxiety and agitation among dogs. In addition, heavy metal music has loud percussion that can frighten dogs. Some dogs love to chew on shoes all the time. Or they destroy blankets or the fabric of your sofa. This chewing obsession can drive anyone crazy. If your German Shepherd is a puppy, they could be teething. Chewing relieves any pain and discomfort associated with it. On the other hand, older dogs chew to keep their jaws and teeth strong. This is what dogs in the wild do as well. However, it becomes a destructive behavior if they direct it toward inappropriate items. In situations like this, dogs chew out of boredom or frustration. Caution: Do not punish your dog when they chew inappropriate things. Never place them in their crate as punishment. Teaching them what is okay to chew and what is not is one way to solve the problem. Another is to give them toys and chew bones. In doing this, take note of the kind of toy they chew for long periods of time. If they love chew bones, then keep offering those. However, here are a few reminders when your German Shepherd a bone: Give them raw meat bone. Let them chew on it for minutes. Then store it in the refrigerator. Discard bones after 3 or 4 days. Always supervise your dog when chewing a bone. If your German Shepherd is an adult, give them a large bone. They could chip their teeth while chewing. These might cause blockages or damage the intestines. Your German Shepherd needs interaction to avoid boredom. This way, they redirect their energy to productive things. Play can be in the form of physical or mental exercises. Play games such as Frisbee or fetch. Or teach them the shell game. You can also involve members of the family in the games. For instance, you need to go to work. Your German Shepherd has to know that the crate is their safe haven. Such as a punishment. Caution: Leaving your puppy in their crate longer than 6 hours is not advisable. It will only make them anxious. Staying in the crate too long will end up in pent up energy. And once out of the crate, they are bent on releasing that energy. When crate training your puppy, remember these: Ignore them when they cry while in the crate. Wait 20 minutes until they calm down. If they are just starting the training, it may be difficult at first. There are times when they cry in the middle of the night. But this gradually stops when they reach 3 or 4 months old. It is flattering to some extent. That level of attachment says a lot about the time you spend with them. It only becomes a problem when they learn to crave for your attention. To prevent this, let them play on their own for a while. This teaches them not to crave for your attention all the time. German Shepherds are basically tireless furballs. Lack of or insufficient exercise is one reason why they are hyper. Take them walking early in the morning and late at night. Or take short walks throughout the day as long as the weather is good check out tip 4 for more info. They can also socialize and play with other dogs. If you have a lawn, take your puppy out for some games. Play fetch or tug of war. No yard? No problem. There are games you can do inside the house. Swimming is also a fantastic exercise for your puppy. Let them swim in your pool or somewhere that allows dog swimming. Aside from swimming, running will tire them out. However, there are important guidelines when doing this activity. First, make sure your German Shepherd is 15 months old or older. By this time, their bones and muscles are fully developed. Second, ensure that they are trained well. Basic commands such as sit, stay and stop go a long way for their safety. Third, get them a clean bill of health by checking with the vet. Physical exercise and mental stimulation give you a tired, calm dog. German Shepherds are highly intelligent dogs. Help them work their brains by giving them mentally stimulating activities. Hide and seek is a fantastic example of this. It promotes physical exercise and reinforces the recall command. To do this, distract your dog long enough for you to hide. You can throw a ball and have your dog run after it. Then find the best spot for hiding and call your pooch. Just look at this adorable German Shepherd looking around the house for the owners: As you can see from the video, the game is an opportunity for an exercise. The dog goes from room to room several times until they find the owner. The dog has to work harder to find where the scent of the hiding owner is. This game is also a nice way to teach your puppy their name. This is mentally stimulating as your dog uses their nose to find each treat. Note: Spend 30 minutes or more for mental exercises. You can also give them interactive toys to keep them busy. You may unknowingly be feeding them with food that has unsafe ingredients. Many dog foods are made with additives, preservatives and colorants. These have no nutritional value at all. If anything, these only make hyperactivity worse. According to an article by canine nutrition expert Dr. Conor Brady , several things answer the question. Many dog foods are made with chemicals to make them last longer. These are not safe. Another reason is the high dose sugar and low dose protein. High dose sugar can spike blood sugar in humans. Imagine what it can do to a dog. In addition, dog foods contain only the minimum amount of protein. Why is this so, when protein is the building block for serotonin and dopamine? Serotonin and dopamine are the happy and calming chemicals. Lastly, dog foods contain low levels of vitamin B complex. This is responsible for energy levels and behavior. Also, B complex contains vitamin B6, which produces dopamine. Of course, you need to teach your puppy first to love riding a car. Then switch off the engine. Do this until your dog becomes comfortable riding a car. This is also a huge opportunity to mentally stimulate them and tire them out. During a ride, there are a lot of things for them to process. New smells, new faces. This could be a whole new experience altogether. You can drive to new places where you can run, walk or just explore. And by the time you get back home, your German Shepherd is hopefully spent. Because your dog is only a puppy, avoid exposing them to dog parks immediately. Some dog diseases are highly contagious, such as parvovirus. Also, dog parks are open to all dogs of breeds, sizes and temperaments. Some dogs could be rough or simply violent. This could lead to a traumatizing experience for your puppy. Caution: Ensure that socialization is a fun experience. But take them out of situations that frighten them. What you can do, though, is to slowly introduce your dog to others. If not, then perhaps a neighbor or a friend has a dog your puppy can meet. Arrange playdates if possible. Or barking right in their face. One way to prevent this is to instill some manners in them. Teach them impulse control. Impulse control teaches your dog how to engage with you. That is, without lunging, nipping or excessive barking. Make them sit before you open the door or clipping the leash. Before you give them dinner, wait for them to sit. And when they do just that, reward them with what they want. They will associate sitting with getting what they want. In a big way, this teaches them to calm down before they can have the good stuff. Remember to be consistent on your part. It comforts them. So when you have to leave, give them something such as a used shirt. When they are alone, having your smell will feel as though you are with them. For your puppy, the stinkier, the better. Some days going outside for walks or runs is not permissible. Puzzle toys will keep your German Shepherd busy and entertained. The only downside is that they will tire of it after they have figured out how it works. That will get them through obedience training. That way, it can prevent behavioral problems later on. This was exactly what this research found out. It studied dogs divided into 4 groups: puppy class, puppy party, adult class and no class. The puppy and adult classes underwent an hour of training each week for 6 weeks. The other 2 groups did not undergo formal training. The findings showed that the groups that attended training responded well to commands. The puppy class group also showed positive responses to strangers. The study concluded that this could prevent behavioral problems such as disobedience or fear of strangers. That being said, spend at least 30 minutes each day for their training. Train them young starting with basic commands. These are useful commands that you can use at home or when outside. Also, get them busy with leash and off-leash training. This is particularly useful for when you are taking walks or running. Think agility, flyball or disc dog. Getting involved together in sports can strengthen your bond. In addition, these sports provide physical and mental exercise at the same time. A word of caution, though. Formal training can be expensive and time-consuming. But if you do, you can do the sports for fun. Daily running, check. Puzzles and toys, check. Most of the time, exercises, training and activities solve the problem. But if your German Shepherd is still hyper, it could be a medical condition. So check with your vet because the problem could be thyroid dysfunction, allergies and even ADHD. Yes, you read that right. ADHD is common in human children. Apparently, the same symptoms could be seen in hyper dogs. One study in found out that social and physical factors were associated with ADHD-like behavior. ADHD-like behavior refers to inattention and increased motor activity. The social factors mentioned were: Number of social contacts. The duration of the period of separation. On the other hand, the physical factors were: Frequency and duration of walking. The amount of playtime as puppies. For your peace of mind, have your vet run tests to rule out any problems. Either way, it will help toward calming your German Shepherd. Some owners and dogs thrive on routine. For instance, your German Shepherd eats their breakfast at 6am and 6pm. On the other hand, structure is for people who dislike strict schedules. You can set a schedule for activities without being strict about the time. For instance, your dog knows you will take them for a morning walk when you wake up. And not necessarily at 6am. This is great for days when you feel like sleeping in. Take some time to reflect on yourself. There could be problems at work or other stressors that keep you agitated. Without you knowing, all these reflect on your body language and tone of voice. You reflect energy that your dog catches on. One can easily give in to frustrations when training a puppy. But yelling and punishment will only make your puppy more hyper. Also, be consistent. Stick to the rules you set for your hyper German Shepherd. So fixing it will not happen overnight either. But committing to do the right thing will get your dog to the result you want. Related posts:. If a hyper dog gives you anxiety, it could make your dog even more agitated. Some of the things you can do to signal your calm demeanor are as follows: Lower your voice — Speaking in a low baritone makes your calmness more noticeable to a German Shepherd. Minimize physical movement — Do not wave your arms or move too much when getting your GSD to calm down. Your physical stillness can inspire internal peace in your dog. The goal of you being calm and showing it to your German Shepherd is to get him to control the excess energy. But if you do this step right, step 2 will be safer. In either case, your dog is not in an ideal state to exercise around the public. As long as you have a backyard, you can let the German Shepherd Dog run around, exhaust at least some of his pent-up energy, and then take him on a long walk. But if you have the German Shepherd as an apartment dog and neglect his exercise, getting him to calm down safely can be rough. Look into getting him a physically engaging dog toy and let him play with it while you sit next to him, calm as a cucumber. Do Not Reward Hyper Behavior German Shepherd puppies are cute and manageable, making owners inadvertently condition them to be hyper. When you come back home, your dog is likely to be excited. Your puppy might jump on you, and you might pat him. This transaction rewards the dog for being hyper, reinforcing the behavior. And as the puppy grows, you have to reckon with the consequences of having a large dog trained to be over-energetic. Treat your German Shepherd puppy as a fully grown large dog when setting boundaries. And regardless of whether your GSD is a puppy or an adult, you can always start holding back on rewarding behavior when the dog is hyper. Usually, attention is the unintentional reward humans give when a dog is hyper. To avoid rewarding a German Shepherd for being too energetic, you should ignore him when he starts acting up. Reward the Dog With Attention For Being Calm If you ignore your German Shepherd unless he is barking or displaying hyper behavior, you might unintentionally incentivize him to be more excitable. Even negative attention can be satisfying to a GSD that is usually ignored. And when a large dog crosses a certain threshold of hyperactivity, you cannot afford to ignore it. When All Else Fails: Use Calming Products As mentioned earlier, rewarding the dog while progressively getting calmer can instill the importance of being relaxed in your canine. If all of the previous natural techniques fail, you can try calming products. Usually, these products are meant to help the dog feel less anxious around loud noises like thunder or fireworks or help with separation anxiety and travel sickness. Some of the most effective calming products on Amazon for GSDs are: Zesty Paws Calming Dog Chews — Calming chews work unbelievably on German Shepherds because they have over 40x the scent perception capacity as humans. These soft chews help with hyperactive and aggressive behavior. It releases oxytocin and helps the dog calm down when it is anxious. This study of 32 dogs found that aromatherapy diffused lavender odor for canine travel-induced excitement calmed the dogs down. Speak with a low baritone voice and drawn-out words to soothe the dog and reward him for calming down. You may use products like a calming jacket, scent, or calming chews if needed. Above all, the most healthy way to calm your GSD is to spend time with him and give him plenty of exercise to exhaust that excess energy. They are most commonly brought home from a breeder at the age of 8 weeks to 6 months. This is also the juvenile stage when they start acquiring negative or positive habits. German Shepherd puppies can be hyper because of the following reasons: Lack of Exercise German Shepherds were bred to carry out tasks that require a lot of energy, such as herding. Therefore they need exercise to stimulate them. Puppies are always full of energy and therefore tend to run all over the place. They are also naturally built as strong, athletic dogs, and hence require a lot of exercise. Rewarding Bad Behavior When your German Shepherd puppy is hyper, giving them what they want, such as attention or food, to calm them down, encourages bad behavior. The puppy learns that to get what they want, they have to exhibit excited behavior. Boredom Hyperactivity in German Shepherd puppies can result from boredom. In most cases, dogs are left home alone as parents go to work and children go to school. An untrained puppy will end up re-arranging the house and not like an interior decorator! Lack of Training A German Shepherd puppy may act hyper if she is not properly trained. Therefore, regular training is essential to teach your GSD puppy discipline from a young age. This will help your puppy to know the difference between playtime and when to listen. Feeding the Wrong Food Dog owners tend to be overly kind to their puppies and may share food with them. However, certain foods may lead to their hyperactivity. Apart from causing hyperactivity, some of these foods, like chocolate , can be toxic to puppies leading to illness or death. If you are uncertain about what to feed and what not to feed your German Shepherd puppy , consult your vet. Separation Anxiety German Shepherd puppies often suffer from separation anxiety when their owners leave for business trips or vacations without them. This can also happen when the owner simply leaves for the day to go to work. They can express themselves by being destructive or peeing in the house while you are away. Getting Wet German Shepherd puppies who run around outdoors, just like a child, have to be bathed. This dryer comes with adjustable heat settings, a wide selection of air speeds, and a great warranty to boot. How to Calm Your German Shepherd Puppy As much as you love your puppy, all the hyperactivity and destruction can be overwhelming. The following are ways to calm a German Shepherd puppy. Properly Train Your Puppy Training enables your puppy to obey your commands. While you can train a German Shepherd to follow complex commands, only the basics are necessary. Make sure to always train your puppy in an area where there are few distractions, such as in your home or yard, and then progress to more distracting environments. This slow acclimation will also help to properly socialize your German Shepherd , which is essential for your puppy to grow in to a well-adjusted adult. When giving commands to your puppy, be sure to use an authoritative voice and issue them in a slow-low pitched voice. High-pitched commands which are spoken rapidly will only serve to over-excite your puppy. Below is a YouTube video showing you some simple and effective ways to train your German Shepherd puppy: Give Your Puppy Enough Exercise German Shepherds have more energy than most other breeds, and walking by itself as exercise will not be enough to keep excess energy at bay. Playing games such as fetch, going for runs, walking on hilly areas, and teaching your puppy to swim are healthy ways to wear your puppy out and curb hyperactivity. If you do not have adequate time to exercise your German Shepherd puppy, consider getting a dog walker. Did you know that German Shepherds are great frisbee dogs? This fact escapes most GSD owners, and because of this they often miss out on some great fun to be had with their dogs! Read this great article all about German Shepherds and their ability to play frisbee. Socialize Your Puppy As we mentioned above, a great way to calm your puppy is by regularly socializing her with other puppies, adult dogs, as well as other people and animals in general. Socializing your puppy will tire her out both physically and mentally, while at the same time making her the well-adjusted dog that you want her to be. This is because your German Shepherd puppy will learn that to be rewarded, she will have to behave appropriately, and that bad behavior will only result in being ignored. Aromatherapy Essential oils such as vanilla, ylang-ylang, lavender, sweet orange, and chamomile can be soothing to your dog. Test some of these on your German Shepherd puppy to see which one works best. For more information on aromatherapy and its benefits and potential harmful effects on dogs, check out this great article below: Is Aromatherapy Bad for Dogs? Setting up a good routine for your puppy is your responsibility. Make sure to not feed her too late at night, and always make sure that your puppy gets at least a moderately long walk before bed. A useful practice is putting food in a dog toy when your puppy becomes hyper. This will enable her to shift focus from hyperactivity to concentration. One great toy for this is a Kong Treat Dispensing Toy. This toy is designed to be filled with any number of goodies, and will keep your GSD puppy occupied for a long time! Some great examples of treats that you can put into a Kong are: frozen mashed banana and yogurt mashed potatoes and rice frozen Xylitol free peanut butter pureed and frozen watermelon and strawberries pureed and frozen turkey and cranberry mixture Essentially, if you can dream it, and it is safe for your puppy, you can stuff it into a Kong and keep your puppy occupied. Additionally, there are a number of other treat dispensing puzzle toys that will work to accomplish the same goal of reducing hyperactivity in your puppy while increasing mental focus. Stay Calm Reducing hyperactivity in you German Shepherd puppy begins with you. Puppies pick up on the energy you put out. If you become excited around them, they will copy you and start running around or barking loudly. To them, they are doing nothing wrong. In fact, a puppy will think that it is doing a great job by imitating you, the pack leader. So it is important that you set a good example for your puppy through your own behavior. It will take time to train and calm your German Shepherd pup because they are naturally energetic, strong, and athletic dogs — they love activity! Always use positive reinforcement as opposed to punishing your German Shepherd puppy. Final Thoughts German Shepherds are loyal, courageous, make excellent guard dogs, and bred as herders. German Shepherd puppies are generally hyperactive from the age of 3 months to 3 years. Later on, they become more mature and calm. Training puppies from 8 weeks to 6 months enables them to acquire and retain positive habits. Dog owners need to properly socialize their puppies, play with them, and use toys not only to challenge them mentally but also to require their full concentration, thus reducing their hyperactivity. Consistent training is also essential. If you are unable to do this on your own, we strongly suggest reaching out to a professional dog trainer. This will be a great long-term investment, and save you the difficult task of teaching an old dog new tricks. This gives you a visual guide to how you can teach your dog to master the same types of skills. This helpful YouTube video by a positive methods dog trainer walks you through how to train a German Shepherd to calm down on a mat or inside a kennel using clicker training, As part of this method, they also use treats and playtime for rewards. This German Shepherd owner forum clearly highlights just how surprised some new, first-time GSD owners can be when their puppy keeps on growing up and the energy level stays at puppyhood level! Herding dog breeds are accustomed to putting forth high energy output often for many hours at a stretch. Their job duties include keeping a herd of livestock together and accounted for and defending the herd against predators. The dog always needs to be on high alert against stragglers or predators. It is true that an older GSD may experience a natural slowdown due to advancing age. But with German Shepherd puppies, you can expect them to exhibit the characteristic intense focus and drive to work that this breed is known for. While some ranchers still do employ dogs in this type of job, the vast majority of herding dogs are now in demand in other types of fields. For the German Shepherd, the main types of jobs these dogs do today include the following: Police and personal protection duty. Guard dog and military dog duty. Search and rescue duty. Nose work and scent work. Hunting and tracking. Guide dog and service animal work. Other great avenues to give your GSD an outlet to burn up that considerable daily drive and energy include these: Canine athletics such as dock diving, herding, agility. Schutzhund training a perfect choice for German Shepherds. Obedience, Rally, and show dog competitions. You can also simply involve your German Shepherd in your own athletic activities. If you lead an active lifestyle, your dog will enjoy accompanying you for sure. However, here you need to keep in mind that, as a large dog breed, the German Shepherd dog can take longer to grow up and mature than a smaller dog breed will. It can take up to 14 months or longer for these plates to close permanently. You will need to wait for a confirmation X-ray to know for sure that the growth plates are closed and it is safe to enroll your dog in vigorous sports or go on extended adventures with you. How to Help Your German Shepherd Puppy Stay Calm Hearing that it may take up to 14 months for your GSD puppy to fully grow up may feel disheartening if you are coping with the all-go, no-stop activity level of the typical German Shepherd puppy! The STAR program is one such program. STAR teaches both the GSD puppy and their owner how to manage the exuberance and energy levels of a German Shepherd puppy by setting up a daily activity and exercise schedule. This is not to say you have to use this particular training program to achieve these results. Instead, it is simply to suggest that, if the current schedule your GSD puppy is on is not providing the results you hope for, you can sit down and create a different activity and exercise schedule to see if your puppy naturally becomes calmer. Sometimes there may also be environmental issues that are triggering excessive activity, crying, whimpering, barking , or other undesirable puppyhood behaviors. Teething Teething is very painful to go through no matter what the species. If your German Shepherd puppy is going through teething , you can absolutely expect more chewing, play-biting, nipping, whining, crying, and demands for attention. Giving your teething puppy ice pops or frozen chew toys can often help to ease the discomfort and also the behaviors. Separation anxiety Just as some dog breeds are more energetic and active by nature, so too can some dog breeds be more prone to developing separation anxiety. German Shepherds fall into both categories. But the two conditions are not necessarily linked. While having high energy is just a hallmark of the GSD breed, developing separation anxiety is more a function of putting a high-energy, high social-needs dog in a situation where there is not enough of either. Sometimes abuse, re-homing, and other factors can also trigger separation anxiety. For many years, separation anxiety in dogs was not well understood. Today, we do know that separation anxiety is potentially preventable and very treatable. But how can you know whether what you are experiencing with your German Shepherd is simply excess energy or separation anxiety? The behaviors only start to occur after a big change a move, divorce, new job, etc. You see your German Shepherd pacing, panting, drooling, or exhibiting other behaviors that are closely correlated with separation anxiety in dogs. Your GSD whines, cries, barks, howls or makes other noises the moment you leave direct line-of-sight. While you are away, your dog is extremely destructive and may destroy household furnishings, eliminate inappropriately in the house, or try to escape repeatedly. As the Mid-Atlantic German Shepherd Rescue organization points out, German Shepherds can develop any number of health conditions that may cause your dog to become or remain over-active. This is always the right time to take your dog to the veterinarian for a health checkup. In fact, sometimes it makes sense to do this first before you look at possible behavioral or boredom issues. This way, you can at least rule out any underlying health issues that may be triggering inappropriate or destructive behaviors in your dog. Here are examples of health conditions MAGSR gives that are known to plague German Shepherds that may cause your dog to act out: Skin allergies The itching and irritation of skin allergies can cause excessive scratching, licking, rubbing, and similar behaviors. Usually, these types of issues are controlled through diet changes or medication, or both. It often disappears on its own but a veterinary visit is always warranted. Perianal fistulas Perianal fistulas are every bit as uncomfortable for your dog as the name suggests. As Science Daily points out, there is now increasing research to suggest that dogs have evolved to closely mirror human emotions in every way. This can be a tougher challenge to track down. But it may help to start by keeping a journal on paper or on your phone, noting times when your dog becomes especially hyper and noticing how you are feeling during those times. If this does end up applying in your situation, learning more about deep breathing, mindfulness meditation, yoga or tai chi and other relaxation aids can help both you and your German Shepherd calm down quickly and effectively. Great At-Home Activities for Hyper German Shepherd Dogs You may be reading through this article and thinking there is no way you have any extra time in your daily schedule to try all these things. Breaking up the day with short focused walks, treasure hunts, play sessions, or training sessions also gives your dog more to look forward to all day long. In these ways, you can make small changes for big results to help your GSD calm down.

Check out our other picks for best quality and value wire dog crates. Wire dog crates are possibly the most used, the most commonly seen and generally speaking what people think of when you mention a dog crate. They come with a single door as standard, but some models have multiple doors side and roof for greater access. Advantages of Wire Crates: Very easy to keep clean. Allows the greatest airflow of all crate styles which is particularly nice in hotter climates. Many models fold flat for portability. Can come with divider panels for adjusting the crate size to suit a growing puppy. Most models have a slide out tray for ease of cleaning. Disadvantages of Wire Crates For some dogs, instead of comforting them being able to look around and see the family, the visibility can cause whining and stress. Some dogs are best covered over…but you can of course cover a wire crate. Can feel exposed, offering little shelter in colder climates. They may be collapsible for portability, but they can also be quite heavy! The noisiest of crates when dogs move around a lot. The easiest of crates to escape from for determined and intelligent dogs. Plastic Dog Crates Check out our picks of the best plastic travel crates. Plastic dog crates are the most often used for travel, particularly air travel. Advantages of Plastic Crates Lighter and hence more portable than wire, metal ones. Bottom of crate can sometimes be used as an open dog bed if the crate is no longer wanted. More sheltered, offering better insulation in colder climates Better for those that whine and cry if they can see activity and want to be a part of it. Less visibility better for easily distracted dogs and a greater feeling of security for a dog. More difficult than most wire crates for escape artists to get out of. Disadvantages of Plastic Crates Enclosed nature can stress some dogs who prefer visibility of their surroundings cure this with crate training! Harder to clean and therefore harder to keep fresh, and plastic can hold odors over time that become hard to eliminate. Cannot fold flat so need more storage space than wire crates. Reduced ventilation can cause overheating in places with a hot climate. Not very attractive, although people have different tastes. Way more practical for travelling types too, as can be folded flat and and weigh next to nothing, making them a highly portable option. Advantages of Soft-Sided Crates Extremely light and portable, most coming with a carry bag. Extremely easy to store when not being used and folded. Soft and flexible, they are more comfortable for the dog inside compared to most crates Great to use when out camping due to being extremely easy to put up and take down. Disadvantages of Soft-Sided Crates Not the most durable and long-lasting. Destructive dogs can literally claw and chew their way out, destroying the crate in the process. Some dogs can learn how to unzip and open the doors. Stylish Dog Crates Check out our list of of high quality, stylish, wooden furniture style crates. There are many styles of crate to suit those people who simply cannot stand the look of a wire or plastic one in their home, or are looking for something a little more stylish. There are crates made from rattan or a variety of finished wood crates available. Advantages of Wooden Crates Can more easily fit into the look of a home and its decor. Can double up as a shelf or end table to offer a usable surface. Huge number of styles available. Disadvantages of Wooden Crates Not good for destructive dogs who can really damage wooden crates. Not good for the house training process as any accidents will leave stains, possibly hard to remove odors and be hard to clean thoroughly. Expensive when compared to the others! In my opinion, until your dog is house trained and completely over their destructive chewing stage, the most practical crate is without doubt a collapsible wire type dog crate. You can see our pick of the best collapsible wire crates available by clicking here. Compared to other styles, a wire crate is by far the easiest to clean if there are any accidents, are highly durable and is the only one that cannot be damaged by the scratching and chewing of a destructive dog…and many Labradors love to scratch and chew! Recommended Crates By Us! With so many crates available to choose from, making the right choice is no easy task. These are the most popular crates with the highest feedback and most satisfied customers you can find. Quality and value proven by the feedback from many, many previous buyers: My Top Recommendation For US Readers: Midwest Life Stages Dog Crate This is — in my opinion — the best value for money crate available and with extremely good customer feedback to be found all over the web, many would agree. With a divider included free of charge, this single crate bought for a new puppy can be resized to provide increasing room and still fit them as an adult. This is one crate you should definitely shortlist and compare to any others you may be considering. They have a huge amount of extremely good customer feedback and receive high ratings from previous buyers everywhere they are for sale on the web. It would be extremely hard to better value in the UK for the money, so is definitely one to consider! But if you have a puppy, buy a crate for the size of adult dog they will grow to become and use a divider to reduce the size of this larger crate to suit them. For Labrador Retrievers this will be a 36 or inch crate. A stainless steel wire crate is the most practical and best value choice for a number of reasons as detailed above. But for transporting in a car or by air, a plastic crate would be the best choice. If you can afford to, I would suggest a permanent metal wire one for the home and a plastic one for travel. For those that would like to preserve an overall look to their house there are many stylish finished wood crates available and I think these can really look good in some houses. More information: This was part 4 in an 8-part series that details everything you need to know about the use of a crate and crate training your puppy. The information applies equally well to dogs of all breeds and not just Labradors. The Entire series is linked to here:. Print Crate training your Lab puppy, why you should and a guide on how Labrador puppies are so cute and cuddly, it almost seems wrong to put them in a crate. But crate training is one of the best things you can do for your new puppy and for yourself. There are many benefits to crate training your retriever puppy, but it is a process. Learn how to properly crate train a Labrador puppy and why you should start crate training as soon as possible. Why should I crate train my Labrador? While some people think putting a dog in a crate is cruel, experts disagree. Most veterinarians, trainers, and breeders recommend crate training dogs from a young age. Dogs are den animals and often feel most safe when they are in a tight, confined area. A crate can represent this den-like experience for your puppy and give them a place to retreat when they feel stressed, confused, or just need some time alone. Dogs that are crate trained properly do not fear the crate, in fact, they love it and will often seek it out for a nap. Easy and safe transport Crates are the safest way to transport dogs. A dog contained in a crate cannot move around within your vehicle, get in your way while driving or create distractions. In addition, you can buy crates that are 5-star crash tested , possibly giving your dog superior protection if you are involved in an accident. Crates help with housebreaking As discussed in our post on housebreaking your Labrador puppy , crate training can make housebreaking easier and quicker. Crates allow you, as owner, some off-time — time when you do not have to be constantly watching your puppy for potty accidents. In addition, crates help encourage your puppy to hold it, to wait a little longer before going potty, since most puppies hate to mess their bed. Note: My husband and I are professional retriever trainers, so any products listed here are items we use on an almost daily basis. We only recommend products we know are good quality and will stand the test of time. When possible, I include links to the product. Some of these links may be affiliate links in which I am paid a small commission, but all opinions and recommendations are my own. Learn more. Can help hunting dogs with blind manners and patience Hunting dogs often need to sit still and quiet for hours on end. Sometime in dog huts or MoMarsh stands. Crates can help hunting dogs by teaching them there is a place that they should simply lay down, rest and keep quiet. Better dog to family relationships and more control Crate training your puppy can provide many benefits for your entire family. Crate training your puppy at a young age means that when you need to put them in a crate they will go in willingly and without a fight. As professional retriever trainers, we crate train all the puppies we raise as custom trained dogs. We also crate train all our own dogs. We find that it makes for a better adjusted puppy all around. Choosing the right crate for crate training Lab puppy Getting ready to crate train your puppy means you need to buy a crate. And the size and type of crate do matter. Size of crate for crate training retrievers You want the crate to be large enough that your puppy is comfortable laying in the crate, but not so big that your puppy can walk around. The puppy should feel snug and protected, but not uncomfortable. The unfortunate thing about crate training this way, is that it means that as your puppy grows, you will need progressively larger crates. While inconvenient and bit more costly, this really is the best way to crate train your puppy. But if you do not wish to buy multiple crates, there are other methods. Some people buy a large crate, the size their dog will need as an adult and then section off some of the crate. Blocking off a portion of the crate will give the puppy that tighter, den-like, experience and ensure that the puppy cannot walk around inside the crate. While this can work, be careful what you use to section the crate off. You would not want to use a material that can be chewed or ingested by your puppy. Puppies are naturally chewers, so keep this in mind. Type of crate for crate training retriever Technically, any kind of crate will work for crate training. But over the years we have found that some crates just simply work better. Plastic crates seem to be the best option. They can be found easily at a local pet store, superstore, or even bought online. There are some inexpensive options that provide the protection and privacy of a den-like experience for the dogs. In addition, they have a solid bottom so should your dog get sick, or if you are in the process of housebreaking, cleanup is rather easy. Wire crates , the kind that you can see right through do not seem to work as well as plastic crates. Wire crates are wide open, they do not provide dogs the opportunity to get away and relax. The wire offers little protection and privacy, and many dogs do not like them as dens. We discuss crate options in more detail here. How to crate train a Lab puppy? Crate training is easiest when done with young puppies. We recommend starting crate training the day you bring the pup home from the breeder. Often this is at around weeks old. The sooner you start, the easier the process will be. Crate training can be done with older dogs, but it may take more effort and patience on your part. Step 1 — Let puppy explore the crate The first step is to place the crate in an area that is frequented by the puppy. Prop the door open in some way, a small bungee works well and let your puppy explore the crate on his own. Puppies are naturally curious, so often they will walk right into the crate on their own. It is best if you do not move the crate around the house. Instead, find a place for the crate where the dog will spend a majority of their time and leave it there. The crate should not be right next to a bed or a bedroom. Your puppy will be sleeping in their crate and your puppy will make more noise and wake up more if the crate is close to you. Also, your puppy is bound to make some noise the first few nights in the crate. Step 2- Establish a routine Develop a routine of putting your puppy down to nap inside the crate. You can put one or two small toys in the crate if you wish and a small towel that you do not care if it gets ruined. I know this sounds self-explanatory, but I have seen it. Also, do not put a dog bed in the crate. A dog bed is too big and bulky to fit into crates well and your puppy will simply chew it to pieces or accidently have a potty accident on it. Once that happens, the bed will have the scent of potty and will work against your housebreaking efforts. That is natural and nothing to be worried about. Simply walk away from the crate and allow the puppy to settle down. Depending on the nature of your puppy this may take a few minutes to an hour or more. It is vital that you stay away from the crate during this time. If you follow this advice, your puppy will quickly learn to be content in the crate and over time the noise will become less and less until they finally understand they must stay in the crate. Step 3 — Watch the clock While I suggest you do not take your puppy out of the crate while they are making noise, you do need to keep an eye on how long your puppy has been in the crate. You do not want your puppy to have an accident in the crate if you can help it. With week old puppies, I start by leaving the puppy in the crate for 1 hour at a time followed by playtime. As the puppy gets older, they can naturally hold their bladder longer. This should go without saying, but you should never leave your dog in a crate 24 hours a day every day. Socialization of young puppies is vital. Block the crate door open again. The door should be blocked open anytime the puppy has not been placed in the crate for some quiet time. The puppy will see or smell the toys and go inside the crate to get them. Some people play crate games. They will throw a toy inside the crate so that the puppy must go inside the crate to retrieve it. These games can help your dog become extremely comfortable with their crate. Over time you will notice that your puppy is not afraid to go inside their crate while the door is open. Sometimes, they will even go inside the crate and lay down when they are tired. This is the reaction you are seeking. How long does it take to crate train a dog? There is no set amount of time it takes to crate train a dog. Each dog will progress on their own schedule. But if you continue to place your puppy inside the crate on a routine basis and make the crate available to your puppy at all times, you will reap the benefits of having successfully crate trained your puppy. Final thoughts on how to crate train a Labrador puppy Crate training is a greatly beneficial thing for Labrador puppies and other retriever breeds. It can mimic a den for these beautiful animals and give them a safe and secure place where they can rest without stress or fear. This helps them with emotional stability and can curb behavior issues. It also makes for a more enjoyable home life with less dog induced strife. How to crate train a Labrador puppy. Post category: Dog Kennel Tips When fully grown, Labrador retrievers are large dogs that need a generously proportioned kennel. The average adult female Labrador retriever usually weighs between 55 and 71 pounds. This size of dog needs a large crate at least 36 inches long, 23 to 24 inches wide, and 25 to 27 inches high. An adult male Labrador retriever usually weighs between 64 and 79 pounds. A dog of this weight class needs an extra-large kennel that is about 42 inches long, 28 inches wide, and 30 to 31 inches high. You can use a smaller crate to safely house a puppy. For instance, when the dog is between 35 and 40 pounds, a kennel about 24 to 30 inches long is ideal. Actually, putting a young puppy into a kennel that is too large for him or her may make the animal feel unsafe. Direct Animal offers multiple sizes and types of kennels for your convenience It can be tricky to figure out the needs of the different dogs under your care. Fortunately, Direct Animal makes it easy and affordable to customize your professional kennel configurations. If you operate a doggy daycare facility, luxury boarding company, or other veterinary-related business, you can turn to the experts at Direct Animal to provide guidance on selecting appropriately sized kennels. Our durable, competitively priced products are designed to protect the health and safety of animals, while allowing for convenience and ease of cleaning for the workers. Made from durable stainless steel and Starlite, our raised kennels , double-stack kennels, and extreme kennels are built to last for the life of your practice. Call us today to request more information about your ideal kennel configurations. You Might Also Like. Material This is a polyester product, which is great for moving Labrador puppies. In theory, you can use this crate even as a dog home as long as your puppy is young, but that would make it harder for your Labrador to accept a metal crate later on. The harder potions of this crate are made of PVC, which is sturdier than polyester but is a nightmare to clean. Other Features While the product will last a much shorter while than its metal counterparts, it does present its own advantages. The key features include the breathability of polyester, lack of stimuli, and a fleece pet bed. It is pretty easy to carry and comes with a strap to help manage this. Convenience With this product, the convenience is dictated entirely by how well-trained your dog is. This travel crate defies that principle and presents a spacious way of housing your Labrador on your travels. Material This crate incorporates both metal and plastic, which is great for travel but inconvenient for home use. Opaque plastic on the side reduces this stimulation, while the metal wire window keeps your dog from feeling claustrophobic. The crate dimensions stand at 48 inches x 32 inches x 35 inches, comparable and even more spacious than many metal options. Instead, you should compare it to other portable options. The plastic sides are better than polyester panels commonly used in travel crates. The metal wire window alongside the ventilation holes at the back allows air to circulate properly. It features metal bars and a wooden roof, panels, and flooring. Material The product features wood which can be a concerning aspect because of the rivalry between dogs and wooden posts. However, this is plastic wood and is not as scratchable. According to the manufacturer, the wood is non-toxic and recycled. The stainless steel bars are obviously strong enough to make sure the crate boundaries are actual boundaries and not suggestions like they are with travel crates. Size The crate is .With a .Other Features The only prominent feature is the style and aesthetic appeal of this crate. While most crates look like jailhouses, this one looks like a luxurious house arrest destination. It comes in black, white, grey, espresso, and russet colors, of which I only knew three. Espresso is a fancy way of saying brownish-grey and russet, reddish-brown. This variety allows you to pick the crate that complements your furniture. Convenience Despite looking like a complicated piece of carpentry, the crate is easy to assemble and requires no tools. It also doubles as furniture making it more convenient for you to make room for the crate, especially if you live in a studio apartment. All in all, I love the look of this crate and the great choice of colors which will fit any decor. You can also use it as an effective time-out during training. Material The playpen is made of materials not disclosed by manufacturers, but I can convey it best by describing the feel. The exterior of this water-proof playpen feels like canvas, while the bottom feels like the outside of a tent. The material is sturdy but is no match to plastic or metal. Size This is one of the most spacious items on this post because it serves a different purpose. It is not meant to be the sleeping place of a dog or a traveling carry-case. It gives an inspiring environment for your Labrador and spans 61 inches in length and breadth across its octagonal shape and 30 inches in height. Other Features and Convenience The product comes with a carry mechanism that makes it look like a large laptop bag and features outer pockets and even a water bottle holder. Best Metal Playpen MidWest Homes for Pets Foldable Metal Playpen Click HERE to check the latest price on Amazon This product brings together the spaciousness of the previous option with the sturdiness of the first item in this post, making the perfect environment for your Labrador to relax or play within a relatively confined space. I love this idea as it gives your Lab loads more room whilst keeping him in a safe environment and allowing a positive experience. Material This playpen features metal wire panels and has an open top and bottom. In other words, the flooring could be grass or carpet, depending on the place where you assemble the playpen. Size Each panel is 24 inches wide, and there are eight panels. You can determine the width of the playpen by assembling the panels closely or even attaching extra panels. Convenience The most convenient thing about this playpen is that it takes your hands off of babysitting your dog. This also is the thing you must be most concerned about because leaving your Lab in his playpen for extended periods might make it easier for you to slack off on your responsibility to socialize with your best friend, take him out on walks, and play with him. Labradors need a inch-size crate, so their size is well-accommodated in it. The crate should also be 27 inches tall at minimum, so the dog can safely stand without hitting his head and 28 inches wide so that he can move around, lie on his side, and comfortably stretch out his paws. The best crate size for a Labrador puppy is 42 inches. A wire crate with a divider is perfect as you can start your pup off in a small enough space by setting the divider a few inches away from his full length and continue to adjust as the dog grows. This also speeds up potty training. Which Crate Should I Pick? Labradors are very social and strong enough to rip apart delicate boundaries that cordon them off from their favorite pastime: playing with people. Related Posts You May Like:. Measure from the tip of his nose to the base of his tail. From these measurements, you can determine whether your pup will be able to lie down and stretch out fully in his crate. You need to be sure that your pup has enough room to sit and stand comfortably in his crate. Add two to four extra inches to your final figures to find the ideal crate length and height. Instead, buy a kennel that will fit an adult-size Labrador. He will probably make a bed at one end and use the other end as his toilet. An adult purebred Labrador will need a crate that is a maximum of 42 inches long. Most modern dog crates are fitted with two doors. Metal crates tend to be the most popular material. They fold flat for easy transportation and storage. The crate has a single door and comes in inch, inch, inch and inch sizes to accommodate the largest of Labs. The crate comes with a divider included, has a sturdy plastic tray, roller feet to protect wooden floors and also has a carrying handle. The door of the crate has two heavy-duty slide bolt latches to keep the door securely fastened with your dog safe inside. This crate comes in a range of sizes up to 42 inches. It is designed to accommodate dogs up to 70 pounds, making this a perfect dog crate size for a Labrador. This fabric dog crate is perfect for indoor and outdoor use. The collapsible crate can be set up in seconds. The crate is designed for indoor use only and doubles as an end or side table. The crate comes with a plastic tray that slides out for easy cleaning. The crate is suitable for large dogs up to 88 pounds and comes in brown or dark brown. The cover is made from high-quality, durable D mesh fabric, creating a strong, stylish, lightweight crate. The crate can be folded flat for easy transport in the free carrying bag. A convenient handle and hand-carry strap are also included. The crate comes with a cozy fleece lining included. There are three mesh doors for convenience and to allow breathability. Two accessory pockets are incorporated into the design. The whole thing, including the bedding material, is fully washable. If you wanted a Labrador crate to blend with your home, stylish wooden crates that look like smart pieces of furniture are also available. The robust, plastic crate comes in four funky pearlescent colors too. I can personally vouch for the superior quality of this kennel, as I have one myself. The other door is sited at the front of the crate. It fastens with a secure, simple-to-operate, squeeze-together mechanism that can be operated with just one hand. The kennel has ventilation openings on all sides. This US made crate is air travel approved and meets airline cargo specifications. Separate air travel kits are available if required. However, we selected them for inclusion independently, and all of the views expressed in this article are our own. From potty training to behavioral training , a new dog owner has a ton of responsibilities—sometimes more than they can keep up with. Crate training benefits both you and your dog in significant ways. There are more dog crates for sale than you can count, and they come in all different shapes and sizes. Here are some of the top benefits of crate training your lab: Benefit 1. Dog Crates are Cozy and Relaxing Labs love their crate because they offer a safe place to rest, relax, and sleep. Image Source Some labs feel so attached to their crates, they may choose to eat their food inside or halfway in and out. For you, this can also reduce the stress of dealing with anxious dogs. Benefit 2. So here is one of the best training tips: crate your lab puppies to help them become house trained. A crate can help a puppy remain within a smaller area. Benefit 3. Essentially, having labs feel comfortable in their crate gives you options when it comes to transportation, house training, calming a stressed dog, and so much more. Buy an Adult Crate and Section It Off Crate size is really important because adult labs need to be able to get into the crate and turn around. There should be enough space for them to do this, but no more. This is also why a divider can give labs the right fit and adapt to their growth. Besides these tips, all you need to figure out is the size of your lab. Your lab might be taller when sitting upright than he is standing on all fours, so have your dog sit on its behind and look up towards you. Four Types of the Best Dog Crates In addition to different dog crate sizes, you can choose different builds that might suit your lab depending on their age and rambunctious nature. Image Source Type 1. Wire Crate Wire dog crates are the most popular type of dog crate and their construction makes them quite durable. The wire design allows for air to circulate around your pet, which can help cut down on odors. They also allow for handy slide-bolt latches that let you quickly open and close the crate while keeping it secured. Wire dog crates are best for a puppy that is extremely active. The wire construction allows your dog to look out of the crate and see what is going on around him. This is best for dogs that like to be able to see what is going on. Type 2. Plastic Crate The main advantage of plastic dog crates is the fact that they are lighter than metal wire ones. This makes them very portable and easy to move around. You can move them from one part of the house to another depending on where you want the dog to sleep. Plastic crates are often made of high-quality polyurethane, which makes them easy to clean and sanitize. This usually means buying plastic products with a carry handle. Many plastic dog crates have a divider panel, which can be taken out to enlarge the crate and create more room for a growing pup or adult dog. One of the advantages of using plastic dog crates is that they can be used for several different purposes. For example, the bottom of the crate can be used as an open dog bed if the crate is no longer wanted. Type 3. Type 4. Wooden Dog Crate Wooden crates are a great way to get the functionality of a metal crate, but with the luxury appeal of nice wooden furniture. Of course, this is also a much more eco-friendly material than metal. Wood is porous and absorbs urine which means that if your dog has an accident while in the crate, the pee will soak into the wood and leave a stain. You also need to factor in the amount of space in your home and how well you can travel with your crate. Each type of crate comes with its pros and cons. Buying the right size crate is only one of many steps in responsible labrador ownership , so make sure to check out our other training tips for raising a labrador puppy to give your new best friend a long, healthy, content, and happy life. Share on. News and Articles Daily routine at Labrador Kennel The adoption of a Labrador — Retriever puppy is a truly an important and exciting event in your life. We work very hard to assign the best characteristics and personality traits to our Labradors, which allows them to be good hunters, companion dogs and also members of your family. Buy a Labrador puppy today! Labradors are fun, intelligent, and extremely playful, making them ideal pets for your children and family. If you are truly on the lookout for a furry fellow to always stay by your side, our top-bred Labrador retriever puppies will suit you the best. Raised with love and attention, Kennel Labradors will make the perfect new addition to your home. Truly one of a kind, Labradors are one of the most gentle and loving breeds of dogs. They love snuggling up with their humans and will never leave their side. So what makes our Labradors a highly sought-after breed and why should every pet owner invest in one? For starters, Labradors are excellent family dogs that will fit in with your children and other family members. Moreover, our top-bred Labradors are extremely playful and bursting with energy which makes them the coolest domesticated dogs ever. Here are the pros of owning a Labrador — Retriever : Easy To Train: Labradors are a very obedient breed that along with being intelligent, follow directions to the core. Their eagerness to learn makes them super attentive and willing to learn new tricks. Our Labradors are extremely sweet-natured and relatively easy to train compared to other breeds as we have raised them in contact with children and other people A Companion Forever: Owning a Labrador puppy means you will never be alone. Whether you are single or if your partner is out of town, you will have a furry buddy to keep you company. Having a loyal friend by your side will give you everlasting companionship. A Gentle Breed: We all know how different dog breeds have their own distinct nature and characteristics. Some make excellent guard dogs whereas some make the perfect family pet. Labrafamily Labradors will be the perfect addition to any home, living up to their super intelligent and gentle nature. Also, if you live with someone with special needs or any other medical issue, Labradors are the best breed to choose. Easy To Groom: Do you work a super busy job that hardly gives you any time to groom your dog daily? They will simply need occasional baths and coat brushing sessions about every two weeks. Labs Are Loyal: Even though Labradors are always brimming with energy and excitement, they are also super loyal to their humans. They might get excited to see strangers in the park, but they will always come to snuggle next to their humans at home. Being the proud owner of our Labradors, you will be getting a loyal buddy for your entire life. They Give Your Life Meaning: Many of us lead super busy lives; some have long work schedules whereas others have a large family to manage. On the other hand, some of us are either retired or are single and need something to keep us busy. Your Labrafamily will give you just that. Having a bundle of energy roaming around your house will always keep you on your toes and never bored. Why Us? Let us find out: Registered Breeders: If you want to buy a Labrador puppy in Canada, make sure you choose us. Whether you want the English Labrador or the American, we have everything for you. Top Bloodline: Here at Labrafamily, our goal is to breed puppies that are of top quality. This is exactly why we choose parents that are of a certified and great bloodline. We thoroughly research the parents and only use the best ones for breeding. Safe Environment: We understand how important it is to breed puppies in an environment that will nurture their mental and physical as well as social skills. This is why all our Labrador pups are raised in a safe and soothing environment till they are old enough to go to their forever homes. Healthy Puppies: Thanks to the wonderful genes they get from their parents, our Labrador puppies are healthy and fulfill all health clearances. Our Labradors and pups are completely tested and are free of any genetic diseases. Worldwide Delivery: No matter which part of the world you are in, if you have your heart set on one of our puppies, your wish will be granted. We are proud to be among the very few dog breeders who offer worldwide delivery. Not to forget, you can buy a Labrador in Canada at a super affordable price at Labrafamily. You are bound to fall in love with the newest furry addition to your family. Our Prices: Our base prices are listed below, according to current demand for colors and genders. Note: Sales tax is due on any pups or merchandise sold in California. By request, and for an additional fee, we often transport puppies to Davis. We used to be able to ship puppies via airplane all over the continental United States, but more restrictions apply at this time, due to Covid, extreme heat, or extreme cold. Unfortunately, we no longer ship puppies to Hawaii, due to their quarantine restrictions. Can I pick out my Labrador Retriever puppy before the designated adoption date? Sorry, but no. Most people will not know which puppy they are choosing until puppy adoption day. What supplies do we need for our new puppy? So many people ask us this question, we wrote a blog giving our advice. You can read our blog here. Do you raise American or English Labs? Both, actually, but mainly American. Only a few of our dogs are pure English; some are a blend of American and English. Litters are usually pure American or a blend of American and English. None, so far, are pure English. If you scroll down to the bottom of the videos page you can also view links to past litters of Labrador puppies for your viewing pleasure. We may, however, be able to refer you to hunting dog trainers, so feel free to shoot us an email asking us about that. Marble Mountain Kennels.

Black and fawn are the two official Pug colors recognized by the AKC. But you can find your Pug in a few other uncommon colors and patterns such as the Panda, Sable, and Brindle. Read about all the other interesting details on Pug coat colors and patterns in the rest of the article. Variations of the merle are defined by heterozygosity a pair of Merle and non-merle, Mm and homozygosity a pair of two merles, MM. Like other merle dogs, merle Pugs have irregular patches of diluted skin pigment against a background of solid black patches as well as blue eyes. Brindle Image from Instagram: oliviathebrindlepug Brindle is another of the rare coat patterns in Pugs that is caused by a recessive K locus allele. A brindle Pug receives a pair of the brindle allele from each parent. The typical presentation of the brindle pattern is black stripes against shades of red as seen on the brindle Pug image above. But the background color may vary depending on gene interaction and present other colors such as tan, silver, liver, and even blue. This interaction between genes can restrict the agouti expression resulting in rare Pug coats like the black and fawn sable which carries the recessive black gene. Apricot Sable Image from Instagram: locathepug The Sable color in dogs is a coat pattern resulting from one of the four alleles in the agouti gene. Sable dog coats present in black-tipped hairs on a base of silver, gray, tan, or yellow. Sable Pugs have black-tipped hairs on a fawn base. The eyes, nose, muzzle, and ears retain the usual dark color as most Pugs. A panda Pug can have more white or more black color on their coat. They also have a black patch around the eye, just like the panda. Breeders will often label panda Pugs as unique and sell them for a higher price, just as happens with other rare Pug colors, including the albino. Silver Fawn Image from Instagram: macaulayjol Silver fawn is a variant of the fawn and is often categorized as a fawn. This coat color is an official Pug color for the Canadian kennel club. As with the silver color, silver fawn Pugs are often described and registered as a fawn. You will notice a Silver Pug by its grayish-dark shiny color. But, because they are not black, some owners will describe the silver Pugs as a fawn and some kennel clubs will register them as such or as an alternate color. Brown Image from Instagram: aggiethechocolatepug In the science of dog coats, the brown color is caused by the brown B locus which is also responsible for the chocolate and liver colors. The B locus can have a dominant B allele or a recessive b allele. A pair of bb alleles dilutes the basic black pigment to cause a brown coat. The brown Pug coat is hard to come by. Black and tan Pugs have a majorly black coat on most of their body with tan patterns on the tail, ears, head, chest, and legs. A distinctive pair of tan spots may appear over the eyes. White Image from Instagram: rescueriggs The all-white Pug is among the rarest coat colors of the Pug. It should not be confused with the albino, which may resemble the white in fur color but lacks the black pigmentation on the nose and eyes. Like all other unofficial Pug colors, white Pugs are not considered purebred and will not be allowed on the show ring, even if they are registered by a kennel club. Albino Image from Instagram: chicomarupug Albinism is generally rare in dogs. It results from the absence of the genes that produce melanin, the pigment responsible for skin and fur color. Dogs with two copies of recessive genes are more predisposed to both albinism and other health issues. An albino Pug lacks skin pigment, what most people describe as pink eyes and nose. Cream Image from Instagram: mustpugs A cream dog coat color is neither fawn nor white. Cream Pugs carry this pale color throughout their body. But they have little or more of the black color around their eyes, ears, and muzzle, which is a differentiating feature between the cream and the albino Pug. Because the cream color tends towards the fawn or white, cream Pug owners often categorize them as fawn white. But cream Pugs lack the yellowish-tan of the fawn and the sheen of a pure white Pug. Even though not an official color of the AKC, the UK kennel club lists apricot among its 4 official colors of the Pug together with silver, fawn, and black. Apricot is also the third most common Pug color after fawn and black. Also, .Fawn Pugs will have a light yellowish-tan but can also tend towards shades of pale-tan or dark dear-red. Black Image from Roverlund Black is the second most common coat color in Pugs. Of the 1, Pugs involved in a UK study, .It is one of the official colors of purebred Pugs recognized by the AKC and other national kennel clubs. Black Pugs have a solid color throughout their body, giving their smooth, soft, and short coat a glossy look. Black also distinguishes most of the other Pugs by the markings around the eyes, nose, and muzzle, except for the albino and brown color. Even though most of us assume that a dog with papers registered by a kennel club is a purebred dog that is not always the case. What Color Pug Is Better? Dust and dirt are harder to spot on black fur and this retains the aesthetics of the pug for a longer period of time as compared to one with a lighter fur color. Besides, it is said that most black Pugs have a single coat and shed less than double coat Pugs. Final Thoughts The Ideal Pug Owner Before jumping straight into the different Pug dog colors, let's look at this toy breed in more detail and see if you would be the right fit. As mentioned before, this is such a dainty breed; they're perfect for an apartment. If you know an older person who wants company, they're even better suited! Unlike some dogs, most Pugs only require one hour of exercise daily. This can be achieved through play or a walk. Their playful personality makes them great entertainment for kids, and they are highly affectionate. If you're the type of person who loves to kick back and watch Netflix, then a pug will easily climb into your lap for a cuddle. They do have some comical moments and sleep a lot when they get older, being relatively low maintenance. However, their coat sheds regularly and requires frequent grooming every 6 weeks. So, if you suffer from allergies, especially dog hairs, the Pug breed may not be the best to have in your home. They also state the unrecognized clubs for competitions also. All The Pug Colors Many more Pug colors exist in addition to the ones recognized by the kennel clubs, which are: Black Black pugs have a dark rich coat that is solid in color. They also have a black mask, ears, and nose also. Sometimes there may be small white markings that occur on their chest, but this does not always happen. When a black Pug ages, it may be prone to having gray hairs on its face or body. For a Pug to have a black coat, only one of its parents must carry the black gene. Unlike some genes, black is the most dominant gene and overpowers other colors. However, black Pugs are the second most popular coat type, first is fawn. Fawn Out of all the Pug colors, fawn is the most common. To describe this color, it closely resembles a lightly toasted marshmallow or a milky coffee. A fawn Pug is not always solid; there can be slight variances. Sometimes fawn Pugs can have a stripe of hairs that are black on their tips, running down the back that break away the fawn color. This is because Fawn pugs can have coat color temperatures ranging from light to medium. The major difference between an Apricot Pug and a fawn Pug is the orange in their coats. Often they will have richer orange hues that are deeper than the ones seen in a fawn coat. This color contains a shiny gray sheen on the coat and is also the lightest coat color for a Pug. Many kennel clubs do not recognize the silver fawn Pug, so they may request the Pug to be registered under fawn. White A post shared by Truffle the White Pug trufflethewhitepug In extremely rare situations, you may come across a white Pug. If you do find this, then the Pug is most likely to be an Albino. They will have a light pink nose, paws, lips, and ears alongside their coat. Their coat hair will look in between white and cream. On the contrary, white Pugs may also exist due to a genetic mutation called Leucism, making the melanin in their DNA difficult to form. These colors tend to be black, ranging to grey, and are often seen in other dog breeds like the American Bull Dog, Boxer, and Bull Terrier. Compared to other Pug colors, this coat is not accepted and is often heavily disqualified in the show ring. Like a Panda, they have a smooth black and white coat. This coat color is believed to be created by a Pekingnese and a Pug. However, this coat color is rare, and many breeders will charge extremely high prices for them. Merle A post shared by Rebecca Schmidt happypug. They also have patches of blueish grey and blue in the coat. As opposed to coat color, merle is more like a pattern seen in the coat. Often Merle Pugs are not purebred and are associated with many health problems like hearing impairments, hip dysplasia, skin infections, vision impairments, and risk of skin cancer. Breeds The link has been copied! Pugs are one of the most popular dog breeds in the world, and for good reason. Their small size, affectionate nature, and adorable looks make them the perfect companion for many people. Pugs are adorable small dogs with wrinkly faces, short legs, and curly tails. They are known for their charming personality, playful nature, and loyalty. One of the most interesting things about pugs is the variety of colors that they come in. In this article, we will explore the different pug colors, what they mean, and how to choose the perfect pug color for you. The History of Pug Colors The history of pug colors is a fascinating one. Originally, pugs were bred in China, where they were known as "lo-sze. When pugs were brought to Europe in the 16th century, breeders began to experiment with different colors. Today, pugs come in a wide range of colors, including fawn, black, silver, apricot, and more. Understanding Pug Coat Colors Pug coat colors can be divided into three categories: solid, brindle, and pied. Solid colors are the most common and include fawn, black, silver, apricot, and cream. Brindle pugs have a mix of black and fawn hairs, giving them a unique striped appearance. Pied pugs have a white coat with patches of another color, such as fawn or black. Before we dive into the specific colors of pugs, it's important to understand how coat color works in dogs. Pugs, like many other breeds, have a set of genes that determine their coat color. These genes control the amount and type of pigments produced by the hair follicles. Depending on the combination of these genes, a pug can have a solid color, a combination of colors, or even a pattern. Choosing the Perfect Pug Color for You Choosing the perfect pug color is a personal decision that depends on a variety of factors. Some people prefer the classic look of a fawn or black pug, while others are drawn to the unique appearance of a brindle or pied pug. It's important to remember that pug color doesn't affect their personality or behavior, so choose the color that you find most appealing. We described some of the most popular Pug colors that help you to understand and choose the perfect Pug Color for You. Fawn Pugs Fawn pugs are a classic and beloved variation of the pug breed, characterized by their warm, golden coat. Their friendly personalities and easy-going nature make them a popular choice for families and individuals looking for a loyal and affectionate pet. Fawn pugs are one of the most common pug colors. In terms of personality, fawn pugs are known for their playful and outgoing nature. They are social dogs that love to be around people and enjoy spending time with their families. They are also highly intelligent and trainable, which makes them a popular choice for obedience competitions and dog sports. One of the benefits of owning a fawn pug is that they are generally healthy and don't suffer from any specific health issues related to their coat color. However, like all pugs, they are prone to certain health problems such as respiratory issues, skin allergies, hip dysplasia, and eye problems. Fawn pugs also require regular grooming to maintain their coat's health and shine. Regular brushing can help remove loose hair and debris, preventing matting and skin irritation. If you're considering getting a fawn pug, it's necessary to find a reputable breeder who can provide you with a healthy and well-socialized puppy. You should also be prepared to give your pug plenty of attention, exercise, and training, as they thrive on human interaction and stimulation. In conclusion, fawn pugs are a classic and beloved variation of the pug breed that is known for their friendly personalities and trainability. While they require regular grooming and may be prone to specific health issues, they can make great pets for families and individuals alike. This Pug is fun. Black Pugs Black pugs are a popular and beloved variation of the pug breed, characterized by a solid black coat. Their striking appearance and charming personalities make them a popular choice for families and individuals looking for a loyal and affectionate pet. In terms of personality, black pugs are known for their playful and friendly nature. They are also highly intelligent and trainable, which makes them a popular choice for obedience competitions and agility events. One of the benefits of owning a black pug is that they are generally healthy and don't suffer from any specific health issues related to their coat color. However, like all pugs, they are prone to certain health problems such as respiratory issues and skin allergies. Black pugs are also prone to obesity, so it's essential to keep them on a healthy diet and exercise routine. Black pugs also require regular grooming to maintain their coat's health and shine. If you're considering getting a black pug, it's critical to find a reputable breeder who can provide you with a healthy and well-socialized puppy. Silver Pugs Silver pugs are a rare color variation of the pug breed, characterized by a light silver or gray coat. This color variation is caused by a dilution gene that affects the pigmentation of the dog's fur, resulting in a unique and eye-catching appearance. While silver pugs are rare and often sought after by collectors, they are not recognized by major kennel clubs as a distinct breed color. However, this does not diminish their unique appeal and charm. In terms of personality, silver pugs are known for their affectionate and loyal nature. They are intelligent, social dogs that love to be around people and thrive on human interaction. This makes them great pets for families and individuals who are looking for a loyal and loving companion. However, like all pugs, silver pugs are prone to typical health issues, including respiratory problems, hip dysplasia, skin allergies, and sensitivity to sunlight. It's important for potential owners to be aware of these health risks and to take the necessary precautions to keep their silver pug healthy and happy. If you're considering getting a silver pug, it's crucial to find a reputable breeder who can provide you with a healthy and well-socialized puppy. Brindle Pugs Brindle pugs are a distinctive color variation of the pug breed, with a coat that features a mix of dark and light stripes. This unique coat pattern can vary in intensity and color, ranging from light brown to deep black, and can create a striking and eye-catching appearance. Brindle pugs are known for their playful and energetic personalities, making them great pets for families with children. One of the benefits of owning a brindle pug is that they are generally healthy and don't suffer from any specific health issues related to their coat color. However, like all pugs, they are prone to distinctive health problems such as respiratory issues, joint dysplasia, and skin allergies. Brindle pugs also require regular grooming to maintain their coat's health and shine. If you're considering getting a brindle pug, it's essential to find a reputable breeder who can provide you with a healthy and well-socialized puppy. Albino Pugs Albino pugs are a rare variation of the pug breed that have a white coat and pink eyes, nose, and paw pads. This is due to a lack of pigmentation in their skin, hair, and eyes, which can cause them to be more sensitive to sunlight and other environmental factors. Although albino pugs are unique and eye-catching, they are also more prone to certain health issues compared to other pug colors. Albino dogs are more likely to develop skin cancer and sunburn, as well as eye problems such as cataracts and vision loss. Albino dogs may benefit from wearing dog goggles to protect their eyes. Albino pugs also have a higher risk of deafness, which can be a result of the same genetic mutation that causes their lack of pigmentation. This can be a challenge for owners, as deaf dogs require special training and communication methods. Despite these challenges, many people still choose to adopt or purchase albino pugs because of their striking appearance and affectionate personalities. Albino pugs are known for their friendly and loving nature, and they can make great companions for families and individuals alike. It's important to note that albino pugs should always be protected from the sun and other environmental factors that can harm their skin and eyes. They should also receive regular veterinary check-ups to monitor their health and detect any potential issues early on. Apricot Pugs Apricot pugs are a unique and rare variation of the pug breed, known for their beautiful apricot-colored coat. These pugs have a gentle and affectionate temperament, making them great companions for families and individuals alike. In terms of personality, apricot pugs are known for being playful, outgoing, and sociable. They love spending time with their owners and enjoy being around other pets and children. They are also highly intelligent and trainable, making them a great choice for obedience competitions and agility events. While apricot pugs are generally healthy, they may be more prone to certain health issues such as skin allergies and respiratory problems. It's important to keep their coat clean and groomed to prevent any skin irritation or infections. Apricot pugs require regular exercise to maintain their health and energy levels. This can include daily walks, playtime in the yard, or indoor activities such as puzzle toys and training sessions. They also enjoy mental stimulation, so providing them with challenging toys and games can help keep them happy and engaged. If you're interested in getting an apricot pug, it's important to find a reputable breeder who can provide you with a healthy and well-socialized puppy. You should also be ready to give your pug plenty of attention, love, and training to help them thrive. Other Pug Colors Aside from the main colors mentioned above, there are other less common colors for pugs. It can have implications for their health and well-being, as well as their aesthetic appeal. Every color pug, with their unique and elegant appearance, is a highly coveted color variation of their beloved breed. However, it's important to remember that personality and compatibility should be the primary factors when choosing a pet, regardless of their color. As with any breed of dog, it's crucial to consider the responsibilities and commitments of pet ownership before making a decision. By doing so, you can ensure a happy and healthy life for both you and your furry friend. For more helpful articles about pet-parenting tips, check out the Off Leash blog at TryFi. Want to know more about TryFi. This is the fastest way to find your dog after an escape. Try the Fi Dog Collar today! The link has been copied! You might also like. Pug Dog Colors Overview Pugs can be found in four major colors, though not all are standard colors with certain kennel clubs. The two most common colors are fawn and black. Silver and apricot can also be seen with this breed, and while not standard colors per the AKC, these colors are indeed recognized by the FCI and other kennel clubs. Brindle Pugs do exist, though this is not without some controversy. All non-black Pugs have black masks and black ears. There are some unique color markings that can appear on Pugs which include the trace and the thumbprint, found only on non-black Pugs. This section will cover all of the details regarding Pug colors, both standard and alternate, as well as various markings and other color-related elements. But, of course, since other colors exist, an AKC Pug can be silver also known as silver-fawn , apricot also known as apricot-fawn , or even the rare and controversial brindle. If you have a Pug with a non-standard color silver-fawn, apricot, or even brindle , as of the time of this writing, if you register your Pug via postal mail not online and send in photos of your Pug that clearly shows the non-standard coat, the AKC will usually grant you a registration with the appropriate color or pattern listed as an alternate color. Though a Pug of any color can be registered, this does not mean the color is accepted in the show ring. For AKC conformation events, any color other than fawn or black is a disqualification. It should be noted that the AKC, which follows the guidelines set forth by the Pug Dog Club of America, used to accept both silver and apricot-fawn. If you are in the US, where most Pugs are either fawn or black, keep in mind that owners from 27 countries took part in the survey. Other well-recognized kennel clubs such as the FCI and KC make this much easier, since they accept apricot and silver coat colors in the show ring. And, the CKC allows distinction between fawn and sliver, by having 'silver-fawn' as an option. With these clubs, fawn is a light to medium cream. However, because the AKC will register a fawn as a fawn and an apricot or a silver as a fawn because they are non-black Pugs , but can also grant a registration for an apricot or silver to be as such via an alternate color, an AKC fawn Pug may truly be a fawn ranging from light cream to medium cream or technically be a silver or apricot more ahead on these colors. All non-black Pugs, including fawn, have black ears and black masks more ahead on this. Variances: Fawns are not always solid, there are variances in the coat. Many Pugs have a trace which is a stripe of back-tipped hairs running down the back that break up the fawn color. And, it is not uncommon for two shades of fawn to be seen within one coat; for example, a light cream fawn can blend into a light apricot-fawn. The wrinkles on a Pug are also responsible for color variances since a thumbprint may be present which is black fur in the creases and folds of the forehead. AKC Color Disqualification: Though fawn has a range of light to medium, the AKC does make it clear that anything other than fawn or black is a disqualification in the show ring. This refers to not only what the registration papers say but by what color is seen in person during the competition. Since there is sometimes a blurred line between silver and fawn or apricot and fawn, this can make things tricky. These colors are found all throughout the world, but in the US, show breeders focus on keeping the fawn a fawn without silver or apricot tones. Examples of Fawn Pugs: Dubi at 6 years old, a fawn Pug photo courtesy of Carmina Bautista Poppy, at 4 months old, a Pug with a combination of light and medium fawns photo courtesy of Maria Silver Fawn and Silver Overview: This is a color that is not overly common with Pugs; though, many owners of silver or silver fawn Pugs can easily be labeling their dogs as fawn, especially if that is what the registration papers state. Because, as the name implies, silver fawn is a type of fawn. It is very light and is in fact the lightest color that a Pug can be. The AKC does not recognize this as a standard color, but may grant a request for a silver-fawn Pug to be registered as such via an alternate color, and if so, generally only responds to requests that are sent via postal mail. Both the FCI and KC allow for silver and the CKC allows for silver-fawn; both are essentially the same coat color but are referred to with these different terms. With some other breeds, this sort of orange hue is referred to as fawn like with Boxers or as orange like with Pomeranians. But, with Pugs, this is a nice, shiny orange hue that is set apart from the more common fawn coat. It is very common for apricot Pugs to not be fully apricot; there may be some fawn or even an almost white color found in patches, most often on the chest. Though, just like silver or silver fawn, this is also a color that may be present in the coat, but owners refer to their Pugs as simply 'fawn', especially if that is what the registration papers deem the Pug to be. And, just like other non-standard AKC colors, an apricot Pug may be registered as a fawn or as an apricot if the owner requests for this alternate coloring to appear on the document. With the CKC, apricot is not its own color, but rather their definition of fawn includes all shades in the fawn family including light to deep apricot. Apricot Pugs have black masks and black ears. And, just like all non-black Pugs, a trace and a thumbprint are desired in the show ring of all well-recognized kennel clubs. Example of an Apricot Pug: Peggie, at 4 years old, a registered apricot Pug photo courtesy of Susi R Ludlow Black Pugs Overview: It is rather amazing how very different the two main colors of Pugs are; fawn is a very light cream with black ears and mask, and black Pugs are just about the complete opposite with a rich, dark black coat. Of course, the ears and mask are black too, but there is no discernible difference since the entire Pug is black. Many black Pugs have solid coats, but it is possible for there to be a small white marking; if this is present, it is usually on the chest. As Pugs age into their senior years, gray hairs may appear on the face or in different areas of the body and this is much more noticeable with black Pugs. Examples of Black Pugs: Henry, at 10 months old photo courtesy of Maxine Aird Pearl photo courtesy of Saz Race Wonder how much exercise Pugs need and how to keep activity safe for this brachycephalic breed? Check out Pug Dog Exercise. Brindle Pugs Overview: Brindle is a pattern of interlocking light and dark colors which creates a striping effect. With Pugs, this is typically in the grey to black range. This type of coat pattern is found with quite a few other dog breeds including the Bull Terrier, Boxer, and American Bulldog. The Debate: Many wonder if a purebred brindle Pug can even exist. The answer is yes. This said, there are some explanations to be given. On one hand is the argument that brindle does not exist within the Pug's bloodline. It is true that this is not a color pattern that should be seen with today's breeding programs since it is not a standard color. One of the goals of reputable breeders is to produce dogs that come as close to breed standards as possible. So, brindle is not something that most breeders would strive for and any champion dogs would not have recessive brindle genes. But, did brindle appear in the bloodline at some point in the past? The answer is, yes, it very well could have. This goes back, in part, to the fact that every single dog breed that exists to day was developed from the pairing of other breeds. As to which breeds, exactly, were used to develop the Pug is unknown. We know that this breed was developed in China. Somewhere around B. And he was indeed successful. Therefore, the first element to note is that no one can say if, looking back, brindle is or is not found in the Pug's bloodline. In fact, paintings from the 's show Pug dogs with brindle coats. This said, those brindle lines most likely died out. It has also been debated that brindle Pugs are a myth since the gene responsible for the pattern is dominant and would 'take over' the entire Pug breed with eventually only brindles existing, making fawns and black obsolete. But, that point is not accurate. Brindle exists in other breeds and does not take over. One example is the Boxer dog in which there are both brindles and fawns. So, if there are brindle Pugs, however rare, where does the brindle come from? The answer is that brindle was introduced into the bloodline via another breed at some point. For each individual Pug, this could be recent or it could be many generations in the past. This may seem contradictory. As time goes by, a random brindle is thrown every now and then. Examples of Brindle Pugs: Luna at 8 months old, a brindle Pug photo courtesy of Brenda photo courtesy of Mike Dillow Color Changes It is normal for a Pug puppy's coat to change coat color to a certain degree as he or she is maturing from pup to adolescent. With fawn Pugs, the coat may lighten or darken, predominately during the first year. It's not uncommon for there to be smuttiness at a young age which is the term for black hairs intermingled with a light color coat. This may remain, lighten, darken, or fade in other areas except for a line running down the center of the back which is known as a trace. The ears and mask may darken into a more solid black as a Pug grows. For example, here we see Yoda as a young puppy first photo below on mobile with a fawn base and lots of black hairs running through the coat referred to as smuttiness - details ahead. And, then we can see Yoda as a 3-year-old adult Pug second photo below on mobile , the fawn is much lighter and the black-tipped hairs are now a much more faded trace that runs down her back. The black mask has darkened and her head wrinkles are fully developed. There can be other color changes as well. Apricot tones may not appear until a Pug is a bit older; so, a Pug that is registered as a fawn may very well be an apricot. Another change that typically happens with black Pugs, but may also be seen on some fawns, is that hairs around the muzzle and face may gray as a Pug transitions into the senior years. If this occurs, it is generally starts around the 8 year mark and increases in time. Wondering how much sleep a Pug needs and ways to help this breed achieve a good night's rest? Check out Pug Dog Sleep. Smuttiness If you take a very closeup look at a light-colored Pug, you may see a scattering of a few black hairs over the body and this is generally not enough to classified a Pug has having smuttiness. Smuttiness on a Pug refers to a noticeable overlay of black hairs on a light coat fawn, silver, silver-fawn, apricot, or apricot-fawn. These patches of black hairs are thin enough to see the lighter hairs underneath, however it gives an overall appearance of a "haze". The more there is, either in density or coverage, the more smuttiness a Pug has. Note that black or darker hairs are desired in certain places on a Pug; running down the center of the back the trace and on the forehead the thumbprint - more ahead on both of these markings. But, when there is an overabundance of these black hairs in areas other than the forehead wrinkles or the back, the term smuttiness is then used. Smuttiness may appear in just about any area on a Pug including the saddle back , flanks, legs, and head. In the show world, this is not a disqualification, however it is considered to be a fault points are deducted. Example of Smuttiness on a Pug: Winston at 11 years old; this is an example of heavy smuttiness on the head. Though not something rewarded for in the show ring, there is no denying how cute this Pug looks. In fact, this is such a heavy intermingling of black hairs that Winston almost looks like a half fawn and half black Pug dog. The trace may begin on the nape of the neck or further down the back. It will run in a predominantly straight line, ending at the base of the tail. The thickness and the density of the trace can vary. Though a trace is a very desired trait in conformation dog shows, not all non-black Pugs have this marking. A trace may be very apparent during the puppy years and then fade as a Pug matures. On the flip side, this marking may not show at all during the newborn phase and then become apparent as the Pug grows. This particular element is considered to be an official marking of the breed and is thought to give Pugs character. In the show ring, the blacker the trace, the better. That said, if your Pug does not have a trace, this is nothing to be concerned about. If, however, when Pugs are being considered for a breeding program with the goal of producing show quality dogs, those with no trace at all are often excluded since this is a heredity trait. Example of a Trace on a Pug: Do you have a Pug and are worried about leaving them home alone? Find helpful tips for Pug Dog Separation Anxiety. The Thumbprint A Pug's thumbprint, also referred to as a thumb mark or diamond, is a darkened spot centered on the forehead. This, of course, is not seen on Pugs with black coats. Though this is another desired trait when Pugs are judged in conformation events, not all non-black Pugs have a thumbprint. Another way to look at this is that approximately 3 out of 4 non-black Pugs have a thumbprint or thumb mark. Though it is sometimes called a diamond, it may resemble an oval, a circle, or be an irregular shape. While the wrinkles on the forehead can cause shading that may appear to be a thumb mark, the thumb mark is actually a splash of darker color on the fur. This type of marking is usually present at birth. It is rare for a Pug born without this to develop one as he ages. When a young pup has a small thumbprint marking, it may grow larger or become darker as a Pug ages and matures. Example of a Thumbprint on a Pug: This is Tommy, a Pug with a nice thumbprint on his deep forehead wrinkles. This is an area of black that typically starts under the chin, covers the muzzle, and extends around the eyes. Though this is the general description, the mask can vary quite a bit on Pugs. One element to take note of is that the black may be mainly on the muzzle and then again with black fur around the eyes with little connection between the two points or, quite contrary to that, black may extend from the muzzle to the eye area with no interruption at all. In addition, while a very dark black mask is desired in the conformation show ring, the black mask on some Pugs may contain any number of fawn or lighter-colored hairs. This can range from medium to dark brown and eyes can be so dark that they almost appear black. With canine breed standards, the term dark means dark brown. Coat color does not affect eye color; for example, a fawn Pug does not automatically have lighter eyes than a black Pug. You may be curious to know if Pugs can have blue eyes. Blue is not in this breed's genetic code. However, similar to humans, dogs are usually born with dark blue eyes due to low levels of melanin in the eyes. The eyes darken as melanin levels naturally increase. This transition is usually complete by week six or seven. White Paws Can a Pug have mitted, white paws? The term 'mitted' is often used with cats since it is much more common for felines to have this type of color marking. It refers to coloring that falls on the paws that is different than the main body color, as if the animal is wearing mittens. White paws on a Pug is not common at all and is considered a major fault in the show ring; however, it can happen. This Pug below has a fawn coat and white markings on the paws and on the chest. Both photos are of Mr. Mittens, at 3 months old; photos courtesy of Suzanne White markings like this are able to exist due to the parti-factor gene. This very same color gene is responsible for small white markings on the chest that are occasionally seen with Pugs of all colors. Rarely, the parti-factor is thrown to one, some, or all paws, resulting in purebred Pugs with white mitted paws. Are you taking care of your Pug's teeth? For this brachycephalic breed, dental care is very important. Learn how to keep your Pug's teeth clean and healthy. Behavior and Personality Traits Based on Color Many people wonder if there are inbred character traits that vary depending on the coat color of the Pug. As with any other breed, the coloring of the coat has no effect on energy level, personality, behavioral quirks or any other element. But, it is easy to leap to the belief that color matters in this regard. An owner may have a black Pug that is more energetic than his fawn counterpart, for example. However, there are just as many owners who have energetic fawns compared to laid back black Pugs. Each dog is an individual, and Pugs will have their own unique personalities, regardless of coat color. Differences in Coat and Shedding Most Pugs have coats consisting of two layers of fur, an inner and an outer coat. Some, but not all black Pugs are single coated. For this reason, a percentage of black coated Pugs may shed less in comparison to fawn, apricots or slivers. And, the color of your carpeting and furniture can affect how much shedding you notice. Fur that sheds from a black Pug onto light-colored surfaces is going to be much more noticeable than fur that falls from a fawn Pug. And, fur that sheds from a fawn Pug onto dark surfaces is going to be much more visible than fur that falls from a black Pug. Though it's not suggested to buy furniture and flooring that matches your Pug, this is something to keep in mind. Did you find this to be informative? See what's inside. Related: Black Pug Dogs - More photos of black Pug puppies and dogs with a recap of color information. All rights reserved. Privacy Policy We are a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for us to earn fees by linking to Amazon. Can a non-standard colored pug still be registered with a kennel club? For example: the AKC recognizes two pug colors as breed standard, fawn and black. These are the colors required for a pug to be a show dog and compete in the ring. They are the breed standard. However, a non-fawn or black pug can still be AKC registered — they will just not be allowed in the show ring. Silver-fawn, apricot, and even rare and controversial colors like brindle, can be registered with the AKC and listed as an alternate color. So, if you see a non-standard colored pug listed as registered with the AKC, it is entirely possible. You can read it here. The pug breed standard is the blueprint for the breed, and the target for which breeders should aim. The Pug Dog Club of America firmly states that: All reputable breeders of pugs are not interested in the development of any color of pug other than fawn or black. The most common pug colors: Fawn Pug Fawn is the most common pug color. Their muzzle or mask, and ears, should be as black as possible. Black Pug Even though fawn is the most common color of pug, the black gene is dominant. Black pugs have a rich, dark coat, and their muzzle or mask, and ears are black too. Silver-fawn and Silver Pugs Silver-fawn is oftentimes labeled as a type of fawn. They have a shiny gray sheen to their coats and are the lightest color a pug can be. Silver-fawn pugs are pretty rare, and many who have them categorize them as fawns, instead of silver-fawns. Apricot Pugs Apricot pugs have warm undertones of orange in their coats. The hues of orange are richer and deeper in color than the common fawn coloring. They include:. What about the 28th most popular breed in America…the delightful, incredibly cute Pug? See what we mean about scratching your head? What colors do Pugs come in? Many variations exist in the Fawn color which can range from Light Cream to Apricot. Any other color is considered to be a disqualification. However, while black is black, fawn covers many shades and hues from light to medium cream. Pugs who are actually silver or apricot both of which can be quite similar to pure fawn depending on the shade can be registered as being fawn and therefore are eligible to compete, or they can be listed as an alternative color which would state their true color but be a disqualification in the show ring. So, technically, yes, the AKC only permits two colors in the show ring but makes it possible for both silver and apricot-fawn Pugs to be registered as fawn. The Canadian Kennel Club CKC , however, only allows for fawn which can include both light and dark shades, silver-fawn, and black. Fawn Nearly two-thirds of all Pugs are fawn in color. The fawn color can range from a very light cream to a medium cream to various shades of gold, or have silver undertones on a cream background. Tones of very light orange or even subtle hints of red are sometimes noted in this most common color, but a rich cream color is preferable. While many fawn Pugs are mostly uniform in color, some may have a combination of fawn shades on their body with some areas being much lighter or darker than others. Black Black Pugs should be a uniform, deep black over the entire body. Occasionally a small white marking will be present on the chest and even more rarely one or more paws will be white. This is due to the presence of a parti-factor gene and is a major fault in the show ring. This white coloration is possible in all coat colors but is particularly noticeable in black Pugs. Pugs who have two black color genes appear to have a rich, bluish-black color in sunlight and will always produce black puppies because black is a dominant color. Pugs with one black color gene and one fawn color gene will be black as well but will have more of a rusty or brown sheen to the coat in sunlight. They can produce either fawn or black puppies depending on what color genes are contributed by their mate. Silver and Silver-Fawn As you might expect, silver Pugs have a lovely gray sheen to their coats which can be medium to dark in color. The silver-fawn color is very light and is a variation of fawn. Both colors may be registered as fawn if the dog is able to be registered and the owner so chooses. Apricot and Apricot-Fawn Apricot is a deeper orange color than fawn. Apricot Pugs often have a patch of lighter color on the chest area or elsewhere on the body, particularly above the facial mask. Owners of an AKC-registrable Pug may choose to register an apricot or apricot-fawn as a fawn or as an alternative color. Special Markings Mask and Ears All non-black Pugs should display a deep black facial mask beginning underneath the chin, covering the muzzle, and extending over the eyes. The ears also should be black. Thumbprint A dark thumbprint darkened patch of color on the forehead and a dark trace line of darker color on the back are highly desirable but are not seen on all Pugs. The AKC prefers all markings to be intense and as black as possible. Smuttiness Some Pugs may display what is known as smuttiness. This term refers to an overabundance of black hairs intermingled with a lighter colored coat. A small sprinkling of black hairs here and there on a light-colored dog is normal and does not qualify as smuttiness, but if it occurs to the extent that the coat appears to be a different color, the dog is said to display smuttiness. Smuttiness is considered to be a fault in the show ring and points will be deducted from the overall score. It is not, however, a disqualification. Both parents pass on their genes to the puppy, which determines the coat color of the dog. With black being the dominant color, one black and one fawn parent will produce a black Pug. This means that fawn-colored Pugs are the result of two recessive genes. Although the black gene is the dominant one, fawn-colored dogs are more popular and more commonly found. Pugs come in four primary colors, namely fawn, silver-fawn, apricot-fawn, and black. Where things become confusing is how a fawn-colored dog is determined as the AKC range for this color is anything from light to medium. Dogs that do not fall into one of these two color categories can still be registered as purebred Pugs with the AKC but as an alternate color. Alternate color Pugs can not be shown in the AKC conformation show ring. Also, show judges will consider the color they see in competition and not just what the registration papers say as somethings the line between real fawn and silver or apricot is blurred. As a result, breeders in the United States try not to allow silver or apricot tones within their purebred fawn Pugs. The Canadian Kennel Club CKC allows three of these colors, namely black, silver-fawn and fawn with fawn allowing anything from light gold to a deep apricot. Fawn Pug The most common color, about two-thirds of all Pugs are in the fawn color range, which is a light to medium cream. Silver, or silver-fawn Pugs, are not very common. This color is the lightest you will find in this breed as it is like a light, silvery cream. On the other hand, Apricot-fawn or apricot Pugs have a cream-colored coat with warm, shiny orange undertones. Like silver Pugs, apricot-colored dogs are not very common. Sometimes the apricot color is also not found on their entire body but is more prevalent in patches, specifically on the chest. Black-colored Pugs usually have one black and one fawn parent with a brown sheen to their coat in the sunlight. The most common marking is the mask, in which the face has black markings that start at the chin, cover the muzzle, and surround the eyes. The mask can vary quite a bit, covering almost the entire face or separated between the muzzle and eyes. Some have light-colored hairs throughout their masks. But in the show ring, the darker the Pug mask, the better. On non-black Pugs, trace and thumbprint markings are also sometimes visible. These markings are desired in the show ring of all kennel clubs, although not all Pugs will have these markings. Just like with their mask, thicker and darker traces are more desirable when being shown. Although irregular in shape, the thumbprint is most often seen as circular or oval. The thumbprint is caused by the shadows of the wrinkles and its darker-colored fur. Some dogs also have markings known as smuttiness. Smuttiness refers to black hairs covering an otherwise light coat, forming a gray coloration on a dog. These darker hairs can occur anywhere on a dog, including the legs, saddle, and head. The denser these hairs, the more smuttiness a dog has. Smuttiness is considered a fault and is not desirable for show dogs. Some Pugs have a mismark, which are small, white markings on their paws and chest. This can be seen in all colors of Pugs and is due to the parti-factor gene. What is the Rarest Pug Color? When looking for a Pug puppy to call your own, you may stumble upon some rare, trendy, and exotic colors. This includes white, brindle, chocolate, pink, and even panda Pugs. Discover more about these different colors below. One very famous White Pug is named Marshmallow, and he is an internet sensation! Solid white pugs can often be mistaken for albinos but are more likely the result of a crossbreed with French Bulldogs or Pekingese. Unlike albinos, white Pugs will have dark paws, eyes, and a dark nose. Brindle Pugs Although rare, Brindle-colored Pugs do occur. This coloring gives the dogs a striped appearance with interlocking light and dark colors. Cute brindle Pug dog standing looking up portrait Brindle colored Pugs are typically grey to black. This coat color is not accepted as a standard color by any major kennel clubs and thus not eligible for show. As a result, champion show dogs do not have brindle genes, and this coloring is not bred within registered breeders. However, some paintings of Pugs in the s do show Pugs with brindle coats. In all likelihood, this coat color died out due to it not being desired by breeders. Thus, it is assumed that modern Brindle pugs were bred at some stage with Boston Terriers or French Bulldogs to reintroduce this coloring. However, this could have been done multiple generations back, resulting in some purebred lines still having a random brindle variant pop up from time to time. These dogs will always produce black puppies. These black dogs are the result of two dominant black parents and are quite rare to find. These dogs have a distinctive pattern to their coat, a mottled coloring similar to that seen in Australian Shepherds. This can either be fawn and black or black and white-colored, also known as blue-merle. Koto is the first known Chocolate Pug to exist in the United States and was born to one fawn parent and one black parent. These dogs have predominantly white coats with black markings, generally around the eyes and ears, giving them a panda-like appearance. They can sometimes also have one or two blue eyes. This gives the dog a similar coat coloring to what you might find on a Rottweiler. Unlike white Pugs, albinos with this rare genetic mutation will have light pink skin, and the lips, ears, paws, and nose will also be pink. These dogs do not have white fur but rather fine hairs that appear white when all grouped. These dogs will also have ashen blue eyes. This is a recessive gene, and thus dogs of this coloring are scarce. Be very careful of anyone marketing dogs of this color variant, as many health issues will likely plague these dogs. Platinum Pugs Platinum Pugs are a deep, dark grey. They are distinctly darker than fawn-silver Pugs and not as dark as purebred black Pugs. Some very smutty fawn or silver Pugs are often passed off as Platinum Pugs by unscrupulous breeders. Is it okay to get a rare-colored Pug? These rare colors are typically not part of the purebred Pug bloodline and are not accepted by any major kennel club. It is thus likely that at some point, purebred Pugs have been bred with other dog breeds to achieve these colors. So, you may never know quite what you are getting when you purchase a Pug in a rare color. Genetic analysis may even reveal that your Pug is not even a purebred dog at all. The Pug Dog Club of America clarifies that any reputable breeder should not be interested in breeding any Pug color, other than fawn or black. Pug puppies looking adorable in a fuchsia background Pugs can change color slightly as they age. This change typically occurs before the dog is a year old; however, apricot tones may only appear when a dog is older. Some puppies are also born with quite a lot of smuttiness. However, this smuttiness can lighten, darken, or fade as a dog gets older, often leaving the dog with just the trace line down the back. On the other hand, puppies born with noticeable trace lines can see these fade as the dog ages. When it comes to thumbprint markings, most puppies are either born with or without this. It is unlikely that your Pug will develop a thumbprint as they age, but an existing marking can get darker and larger. Why do Pugs lose their color? Just like with humans, Pugs can go gray as they age. This greying typically happens as your dog enters his senior years, around eight years old. Your dog will then go increasingly gray with time. Do Pug Colors Affect Health? While all four standard coat color Pug variants are generally healthy, you can start to see some issues with the rare color Pugs. This is because there is no control over those that are not bred to the breed standards, and often these breeders take shortcuts when it comes to looking after the health and well-being of their dogs. One particular variety to be wary of is the Albino Pug. Selective breeding Albino Pugs can result in many health problems, including issues when exposed to sunlight due to the lack of pigment in their body. This can lead to pain and irritation of the eyes and skin and an increased likelihood of developing skin cancer. How About Pug Eye Color? All Pugs should have brown eyes. Blue is not in the genetic code of the Pug; however, like humans, these dogs can be born with darker blue eyes, which will naturally darken as the dog ages and their melanin levels increase. Your dog should have his set eye color by the age of seven weeks. This brown can range from a medium brown to a very dark, almost black color. If you are looking for a dog that sheds less, you may consider getting a black Pug. Some black Pugs are born with a single coat that sheds less; however, this is not guaranteed, and some black Pugs still have two layers of fur. On the other hand, fawn-colored hair tends to be less noticeable around the house, on your clothes, and on furniture. Either way, be sure to regularly brush your Pug to get rid of any dead and loose hairs. Bathing is only necessary once a month, taking care to wipe out the wrinkles and keep them free from moisture. Will you go for the standard yet cute fawn Pug, the rarer silver or apricot varieties, or opt for a Pug in beautiful black? Do you already own a Pug? Let us know what color they are in the comments below. Further reading: Pug mixes.

Buying A Boxer Puppy? Finding Your Puppy -- Buying From the Breeder The conscientious breeder plans a breeding to reproduce the best characteristics of an outstanding sire or dam. His guide is the official AKC Standard of the breedthe written "blueprint" that helps keep the breed uniform for generations to come. You can find the breed standard, revised in , at the American Boxer Club website: www. The more common disappointments for pet purchasers come from commercial sources--especially pet shops that often buy puppies from the infamous "puppy mills" that take little notice of the quality or health they are producing. The pet store or dog broker will sell you a puppy with a breeder's name attached to the paperwork--but this puppy may easily have been born in a puppy mill. The reputable breeder, on the other hand, will not only be able to demonstrate the pedigree and registration papers, but will also show you either the sire or dam themselves, or pictures of the parent who may be owned elsewhere. Though the mere presence of "papers" does not guarantee good health, conformation, or temperament, you will most often find these attributes in the puppy who has been raised with loving care in the home or kennel of a conscientious hobby breeder. The serious breeder often strives to produce a potential "champion. Sometimes the distribution of white markings alone may make the difference between the so-called "pet" and show-potential puppy. The pet puppy will have benefited from the same proven bloodlines, nutrition, and medical care as its "champion" littermate. His breeder will have health tested the parents and done the best he can to insure good temperament, soundness, and longevity. Here is your best buy. Boxer magazines publish ads from breeders. The American Boxer Club web site www. Usually any time after weeks. Many states have regulations regarding minimum age. However, your individual circumstances must be considered. Do you have the time to spend with a very young puppy? Will someone be home to housebreak him? Would an exuberant 6-month old puppy overwhelm a tiny child? Or would he be better matched with a 6-year-old youngster? Remember too that the puppy under 3 months needs lots of time to rest. Don't forget that adult dogs, already trained, also make ideal pets. While much can be told at six to eight weeks about the puppy's eventual looks, if you are seeking a show prospect you might be better off waiting until the pup is six to eight months of age. At that time, be prepared to pay a higher price for all the additional time and effort that the breeder has spent raising the show potential Boxer. Male or Female? This choice is a matter of personal preference. Both males and females make admirable pets. Breeding is a serious committment of time, energy, and money, and not to be taken lightly. If breeding is not anticipated, it may be appropriate to spay or neuter your dog. This procedure is best done as your Boxer approaches adolescence. Please be aware that these surgeries should be discussed with your veterinarian as to safety of anesthesia and any long term effects other than sterilization. Spayed and neutered animals are not eligible to compete in the conformation ring but may be shown in performance events. Check this list! Tails should have been docked within a few days of birth. Optional removal of front dewclaws fifth toes is done at the same time. The Boxer has no rear dewclaws. Ear cropping is customary and appropriate but not required--it is a matter of personal preference. Uncropped ears are permitted under the breed standard. If cropped, this procedure is done under general anesthesia, usually between six and nine weeks of age. If the puppy is taken before cropping, the breeder usually makes arrangements. The breeder also advises regarding aftercare and taping if ears are not already standing. Sometimes this is a lengthy process. In the male, both testicles should be descended into the scrotum. They should be in place by two to three months of age. A dog with undescended testicles may still make a fine pet, though he would be ineligible to compete in the conformation show ring. Consult your veterinarian for advice. Avoid the unusually quiet, inactive puppy, or the one that might shy away from you. This might mean a fault in temperament or even ill health. Papers the Seller Should Furnish: a. A three or four generation pedigree signed by the seller. There should be no extra charge for this. The pedigree preferably gives the color of the sire and dam, and the AKC registration numbers of each. The registration from the AKC, which is an official document identifying your puppy's individual registration number, sex, birth date, sire and dam, and name of the breeder s. There are two ways to register puppies for the first time: 1 Limited Registration If the puppy is not to be bred, and is being purchased only as a companion pet, the breeder may check off the Limited Registration option. This does register the puppy with the AKC. However, it does not allow any registration of offspring from the mature dog. The breeder and only the breeder can cancel the limited registration should the puppy at maturity be considered of breeding quality. Records the Breeder Should Furnish: a. Date and type of vaccines given. Depending on the type of vaccination program started, your veterinarian will advise you on following through. Vaccination protocols are evolving even among the medical professionals. Date and agent used for worming, if done. Do not worm your puppy without consulting your veterinarian. Avoid store-bought preparations which can be dangerous. Diet your puppy has been receiving. It is well to maintain the regimen begun by the breeder, especially while the puppy is adjusting to his new home. If changes are to be made. When he is an adult it will be wise to maintain your Boxer on two smaller meals a day. Any separation from you will be painful to me. Remember that before you buy me. Give me time to understand what you want from me. Place your trust in me. You have your work, your entertainment and your friends. I only have you. Talk to me sometimes. Remember before you hit me: I have teeth that could easily crush the bones of your hand, but I choose not to bite you. Before you scold me for being un-cooperative, obstinate or lazy, ask yourself if something might be bothering me. Take care of me when I get old. You too will grow old. Go with me on that final difficult journey. Print these guidelines out and take with you when looking for a puppy. To ensure that the breeder is not a "Puppy Farmer" or "Backyard Breeder".Ask the breeder.How long they have been in the breed? If this is their first litter, ask if they have a mentor a breeder who has been in the breed for many years that has assisted them in breeding this litter and choosing the best sire for their female, plus assisting them in nutritional requirements for the dam - pre and post whelping, and for the puppies? If this is not their first litter, ask how many litters they breed per year? Ask how many litters this dam has had? Ask if they are a member of a Boxer Club in their area? Or their mentor is a member. Ask if they show, or specialize in Obedience or Agility with their dogs. Or their Mentor does. Ask to look at the pedigree of the pups. Are there Champions close up in the pedigree? Champions do not guarantee that your pup will be perfect and ideal for showing, but it does guarantee that at least the breeders are trying to improve their breeding stock by breeding to quality animals. Check that both parents of the puppies offered for sale have been heart checked and have tested heart murmur free! If Holters are available in your country, then ask to see the parents scores, the lower the better - 0 is ideal , and if they have had their thyroid and hips scored, even better. Ask to view the relevant papers. Ask about the longevity of the puppies lines. Look at the pedigree and ask if the grandparents are alive and if not, how old where they when they died, and the cause of their death. The more dogs in the pedigree that lived past 10 years, accidents excluded the better chance your pup has to also live a long life. The puppies should look plump and healthy, with loose pliable skin, clear eyes, and a loose coat pull up the skin on the pups back to see if it very loose. Healthy pups at around weeks should have a "toasty" smell and fresh breath. All puppies should be friendly and playful, they must not be timid or cower in a corner. The environment where puppies are a kept is clean and light and airy, with room for the puppies to play. The mother has a very good temperament, playful and happy, not shy or aggressive and looks in good condition Bear in mind she may be a little thin and her coat may be sparse as she has just gone through feeding and rearing this litter, and she may also be a little protective if the puppies are still young. Be guided by the breeder on which pup would be the most suitable for your family situation. All pups have different temperaments and the most dominant puppy in the litter would not be the most suitable for children. Or the most layback puppy not suitable for a couple who lead very active lives. Ask if the puppies have been allowed into the house to allow then to become accustomed to household noises, and if they have been in contact with children as well as adults. All puppies must have been fully vet checked and received their first vaccination, and not leave their mother for their new home before a minimum of 8 WEEKS of age. A pup that leaves earlier has not had time to fully socialize with its siblings and develop a pack instinct, and may become dog aggressive as it grows. When you come to collect your pup you should receive a Puppy Packet which should contain.Advice sheet on how to care for your pup when you get home.This will require one training session a week for you and your family and 10 minutes a day reinforcement training. If you don't have the time for this training then do not get a Boxer! He will enthusiastically welcome most people you invite into your home but can be very reserved if he feels distrustful of certain individuals. Therefore he will make an excellent watch dog, his looks and barking will scare off any intruder, although little do they know that he is a "pussy cat" at heart. He can be stubborn and aggravating then turn around and delight and entertain you with his playful antics and exuberance for life. He will play gently with the young children, rough-house with the adults, then stand over you as if to say "come on you guys, I am just getting started". You can hurt his feelings easily by the tone of your voice or by ignoring him. Love him and your love will be returned ten fold. If he would not be allowed to live in the house as part of your family you would be better to choose another more independent breed. A BOXER does not have the coat needed for the cold winter and because of their shorter muzzle, they do not tolerate the heat of summer. They must be protected from the elements, always. Besides, they would be broken hearted if they couldn't be with their people - sharing the sofa or easy chair and your nibbles, as you all watch TV in the evening. Life Span Did You Know? The Boxer is one of the most popular dog breeds in the United States. It has been recognized by the AKC since .Although the Boxer dog breed originated in Germany, their ancient ancestry can be traced back to the Assyrian empire war dogs of BC. The modern Boxer breed we know and love today was originally developed in Germany in the late s. English-bred Bulldogs and the Bullenbesiier were crossed to create an energetic and agile hunting dog to chase wild game. The Boxer is a popular family companion and a versatile working dog. As a member of the Working Group, Boxers can be found competing in dog sports like agility, obedience, and herding. They also make great service and assistance dogs, as well as therapy dogs, and can be found working as search and rescue dogs, drug detection dogs, police dogs, and military dogs. The Boxer is a muscular and energetic dog that tends to have a happy, friendly disposition. They bond closely with their families and tend to get along well with children and other dogs. They can even do well with other pets despite their high prey drive if they are socialized and trained with them. As long as they are well-socialized, Boxers are generally upbeat, playful, and friendly. Although they have a natural instinct to protect their family from unwanted visitors, they do tend to warm up once introduced and are happy to make a new friend. They can be prone to barking a lot if you do not work on socialization and training your dog to stop barking early on. Boxers can be highly adaptable dogs. Although they have a lot of energy and are better suited to homes with yards where they can run, they can adapt to apartment living as long as they get the daily exercise, attention, and mental stimulation they need. As with any non-arctic dog breed, they are sensitive to very cold temperatures. Boxers are also a brachycephalic breed, which means they are even more sensitive to heat than other dogs. A Boxer is also one of the most affectionate dog breeds. Because they bond so closely with their families and get bored easily, they should not be left alone for long periods of time. Potential health conditions to be aware of in a Boxer include hip dysplasia, degenerative myelopathy, thyroid issues , and heart conditions like aortic stenosis and cardiomyopathy. Good breeding practices make a big difference and reputable breeders will screen their dogs to avoid passing preventable issues to puppies. So, make sure you are asking the breeder about the health and genetic history of the parents and about any health tests that have been done. Boxers are intelligent dogs that are eager to please their owners. Despite their energetic personality, they are one of the best dog breeds for first-time owners and are highly trainable dogs. They tend to excel at almost any task put before them! Because of their open, friendly nature and high energy, they have a tendency to jump up at people in excitement and playfulness. Since they grow into powerful dogs, you will want to make sure you train your dog not to jump up. Boxers have smooth and short coats that will shed a little year-round and require minimal grooming. A brush-down once or twice a week and the occasional bath as needed will keep their short coat healthy and looking great. Nail trims once or twice a month are usually enough to keep nails from growing too long. Checking ears weekly and carefully cleaning as needed can help prevent ear infections. Checking and wiping their facial wrinkles weekly or a few times a week if your dog is prone to getting into things can help keep their wrinkles clean and free of irritation. Dental diseases, like gum disease, are the most common health issues in older dogs because dental care is often overlooked; and, it can lead to other serious health issues. Brushing daily, plus cleanings at the vet when needed, is ideal. The Boxer is a high-energy dog breed that needs plenty of daily exercise to stay happy and healthy. Due to their high prey drive and urge to chase, they should only be let off-leash in secure areas. Boxers tend to get bored with repetition, are excellent problem solvers, and are naturally exuberant. A fully-grown Boxer usually stands inches tall at the shoulder and weighs pounds. Boxers generally live years on average. In Germany, the Boxer was one of the first dog breeds chosen for police training. Featured Boxer Article.