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What is Elbow Dysplasia? The condition eventually causes pain whenever the forelimb is moved and may eventually cause arthritis. Trauma to the elbow joint can also lead to changes within the elbow that mimic elbow dysplasia, but this disease results from genetic factors that cause abnormalities in joint formation, not trauma. Symptoms of Elbow Dysplasia: Dogs who have elbow dysplasia may show signs of the disease by suffering from mild to moderate pain and lameness in their forelimbs as early as four months old or they may not have any symptoms until later in their life. Even though the disease can manifest at any age, it is commonly diagnosed when dogs are around two years old. Dog owners frequently take the dog to the vet complaining of stiffness in the front legs but both elbow joints are usually affected. How soon a dog will show symptoms is related to how severe the abnormality in the joint is. Dogs eventually develop arthritis inflammation in the joint from years of the parts of the joint rubbing against each other. On physical examination the vet may find pain when the elbow is manipulated. There may also be swelling, crepitus a crunching noise and a decrease in the range of motion the dog has. There are different types of elbow dysplasia and the vet may order a CT scan to identify which type of elbow dysplasia the dog has. In addition, arthroscopy surgery or open joint surgery is considered the best way to determine the extent of the damage in the joint. If arthritis has already set in it is more difficult to know how beneficial this surgery will be. Arthroscopic surgery surgically inserting a scope -is considered the best option for cases that are good candidates for surgical intervention. Open joint surgery — may also be the best option for some cases. Board-certified veterinary surgeons are advisable for the surgical diagnosis and treatment of all forms of elbow dysplasia. Elbow replacement surgery — is currently being researched, but still unavailable. Non-Surgical Options: We can manage pain by treating dogs with pain relieving drugs and glucosamine and fatty acid supplements. However, due to the discomfort and debilitation a dog suffers from this disease, some dogs may have increased lameness and even a decreased lifespan. Prevention: The best way to prevent elbow dysplasia is to prevent it from occurring by not breeding dogs can pass it to future generations. Elbow dysplasia Elbow lameness: In a young dog, a deformed elbow may be the problem The term dysplasia refers to a developmental defect, where abnormal cells appear in a particular type of tissue or organ. And while hip dysplasia tends to get the headlines for canine orthopedic health, elbow dysplasia can be equally debilitating. Elbow dysplasia is the second-most common cause of elbow lameness in dogs. The first is osteoarthritis, which can be associated with elbow dysplasia. Breed prevalence Rottweilers, Labrador Retrievers, German Shepherd Dogs, Golden Retrievers and Chow Chows head the list of breeds with a high prevalence of this orthopedic problem, but any dog can suffer from elbow dysplasia. Large dogs are most likely to develop it, but Pugs are second on the prevalence list produced by the Orthopedic Foundation for Animals. Elbow dysplasia is a genetic ailment, so breeders are encouraged not to use affected dogs in their breeding programs. While elbow dysplasia cannot be cured, it can be well-managed. With surgery and the appropriate medical management, many dogs have a good long-term prognosis. Some dogs will start refusing to exercise, with a noticeable decrease in their overall activity level. Dogs with this defect often move by turning their paw inward, noticeably holding their elbow out from the body in an attempt to shift weight off the sore part of the joint. If your dog has elbow dysplasia only on one side of their body, you or your veterinarian may notice their lameness earlier. That is the clinical picture if both elbows are affected but one side hurts more than the other. If both elbows are equally affected, then it can be more difficult to pick up on lameness. Most dogs will try to compensate with a shortened stride, and the range of motion in their joints is generally reduced. Another clue is if you see your dog manipulating their leg by extending and flexing the elbow joint — an action that is often associated with pain. Even with a more stoic dog, owners may notice some swelling of affected elbow joints along with abnormal warmth in the area. In dogs, the elbow joint involves three bones: the humerus, ulna and radius. These bones must all work together perfectly to give your dog pain-free movement in their elbow joint. Diagnosis True elbow dysplasia will not be diagnosed before 4 to 6 months of age, when the growth plates in joints are still closing. Most dogs are a couple of months older before a clear-cut diagnosis is made. Most dogs are diagnosed with elbow dysplasia by physical examination and by doing a thorough lameness evaluation at 4 to 12 months of age. In mild cases, however, affected dogs may not show lameness until 7 or 8 years of age, when arthritis kicks in. Diagnosing an elbow problem requires a thorough lameness exam with radiographs. Flexed views of both elbows can show defective areas and identify early arthritic changes. A CT scan and arthroscopic surgery to look into the joint are used to guide diagnosis and therapy. Treatment As with so many health problems, early intervention is best. For mild cases of elbow dysplasia, the goal of surgery is to remove any damaged tissues, which will often help to relieve pain, at least temporarily. Dogs with moderate-to-severe elbow deformities may need extensive surgery to realign the malformed elbow joint. A new option for dogs is surgical elbow replacement, a very difficult, expensive option. There are several elbow replacement systems available, but they all come with very serious complications. We are still diligently working on improving surgical approach and implant designs to reduce complications. Follow-up rehabilitation will be critical. Prevention For any puppy, but especially ones with a greater risk for any orthopedic defect, keeping the puppy trim as they grow is important. Your veterinarian may recommend some joint supplements right from a young age, even for normal pups, and they will encourage moderate exercise. This is when your dog repetitively jumps down off the bed, off the couch, out of your car and other similar movements. Going down long flights of stairs frequently can also add trauma. Many breeders recommend that puppies avoid more than 2 or 3 stairs until 6 months of age or older since the potential for damage is worse for puppies than for adult dogs. Rigorous use of screenings for breeding animals with full public information is currently the best bet for decreasing cases of elbow dysplasia. Normal parents may produce elbow problems, but the incidence is much lower than if one or both parents have bad elbows themselves. He personally recommends taking action as soon as possible to detect pain and lameness early, perform an arthroscopic coronoidectomy, followed by intensive non-surgical supportive care. It has been a humbling experience," he says. I believe it is arrogant to think we can fix it once the problem develops. Some dogs feel very sore with a Grade 1 diagnosis, whereas others rated Grade 3 are minimally lame. Grade 1: Minimal bone change along the anconeal process of their ulna at less than 2 mm Grade 2: Additional bone proliferation along the anconeal process 2—5 mm and subchondral bone changes trochlear notch sclerosis Grade 3: Well-developed degenerative joint disease with bone proliferation along the anconeal process being greater than 5 mm There are three other processes that describe specific types of bony defects in the elbow: fragmented medial coronoid process FCP , osteochondrosis of the humeral condyle and ununited anconeal process. These all fall under the umbrella of elbow dysplasia umbrella, and they all lead to secondary arthritis. Some dogs will be affected on just one side, but many dogs will have problems with both elbows. Fragmented coronoid process is the most common. There is the potential to make them worse, and surgery is expensive. The elbow cannot correct itself. That said, if surgery is impossible for other reasons, then medical-management strategies designed to help with severe arthritis are your next-best choice. Therapies include: Weight management: Simply getting your dog to their normal weight may decrease their pain dramatically. Exercise: Moderate exercise moves the joint and builds cushion. Be sure to use proper warm-up and cool-down periods. For example, if your dog loves to play ball, a minute walk will help loosen their joints so that they can move more freely. Laser treatments, TENs transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation , ice therapy and acupuncture may be worth trying. Pain medications: Your veterinarian may recommend a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug NSAID , such as carprofen, to help keep your dog comfortable. Joint supplements: Ingredients like glucosamine, hyaluronic acid and chondroitin encourage healthy cartilage and increased joint fluid, which help act as cushions. Work with your veterinarian to choose the best supplement for your dog. Injectables: Adequan is another injectable drug that could help with the accompanying osteoarthritis and pain. Injecting platelet-rich plasma PRP into the joint has also been used with some success in canine elbow dysplasia. Synovetin OA is a new, injectable medication that uses electron therapy to target macrophages and synoviocytes in the painful elbow. It must be injected directly into the affected joint. Elbow Dysplasia Overview Canine elbow dysplasia is a common disorder and has been shown to be more prevalent than hip dysplasia in some breeds. The problem is a congenital, hereditary disease affecting young dogs, usually under one year of age. This mal-alignment causes abnormal pressure or joint loading, and chronic rubbing which wears away the cartilage resulting in severe osteoarthritis. Elbow dysplasia can be broken down into numerous underlying pathologies such as fragmented medial coronoid process, osteochondritis dissecans and medial compartment syndrome just to name a few. Definitive diagnosis is made via CT scanning and arthroscopic examination. Some cases can be treated entirely with arthroscopic procedures. Clinical signs of elbow dysplasia The primary clinical sign of canine elbow dysplasia is limping or lameness. Head bobbing at a fast walk or slow trot is typical of front limb lameness. The lameness is usually not recognizable at a run. Some dogs with elbow dysplasia are reluctant to go for long walks or play for long periods of time. Dogs with elbow dysplasia also have limited range of motion ROM in the elbow joints and have pain on elbow extension and flexion. The limited ROM may cause discomfort and difficulty when lying down in sternal position. Diagnosis of elbow dysplasia The diagnosis of canine elbow dysplasia is based on physical examination, radiographs X-rays , computerized tomography CT Scan and ultimately arthroscopy. The surgeons at CCOR can make a fairly accurate diagnosis of elbow dysplasia and discuss the next steps based on physical examination and simple X-rays alone. CT scanning is often needed for the ultimate, final treatment plan. Arthroscopy is used both as a diagnostic tool and to treat elbow dysplasia. Treatment options for elbow dysplasia The treatment options for canine elbow dysplasia depend on the actual definitive diagnosis. Non-surgical treatments include pain management, physical therapy, nutraceuticals such as glucosamine, and various intra-articular injections. All of these options may be indicated in older dogs, or in conjunction with arthroscopic treatments, but none of the above listed treatments address the underlying problem. A common misconception regarding joint injections stem cells, PRP, etc. Intra-articular injections joint injections are commonly performed but with somewhat variable clinical results. Stem cells, platelet rich plasma PRP , hyaluronic acid HA and glucocorticoid steroids are the typical products injected. Recent studies have shown clinical improvement in some dogs with elbow dysplasia treated with PRP. The duration of improvement is currently unknown, but a best guess would be 6 months. Colorado Canine Orthopedics has extensive experience with intra-articular joint injections and we would be happy to discuss the pros and cons of joint injections for individual patients. Surgical treatment options can be broken down into arthroscopic treatments, osteotomies bone cuts to realign the bones, or a combination of both. Virtually all board certified surgeons agree that dogs with elbow dysplasia require a thorough arthroscopic examination both to evaluate pathology and provide treatment. The arthroscope usually mm in diameter is passed through the opening and into the joint. Joint visualization via magnified arthroscopy is incredibly thorough comparted to open joint inspection which is minimal at best. Bone and cartilage fragments and other joint debris can be identified and removed via arthroscopy. Dogs undergoing arthroscopic elbow surgery have a fair to excellent prognosis depending on the exact diagnosis, degree of incongruency and existing osteoarthritis OA. Nearly all surgeons agree our best defense against progressive OA is to obtain an accurate diagnosis CT and arthroscopic examination , remove any free fragments and minimize abnormal joint contact. Overall, the majority of dogs with elbow problems lead a fairly normal life although some degree of OA is inevitable. Fragmented medial coronoid process Fragmented coronoid process is a subset of elbow dysplasia that affects large and giant breed dogs, particularly Retrievers, Rottweilers, Mastiffs, Bernese Mountain dogs, and German Shepherd dogs. Malalignment and overloading of the medial innermost aspect of the joint compartment are believed to be key in this pathology. Loading or abnormal weight bearing on the medial compartment leads to concurrent cartilage erosions often full thickness and possible fragmentation of the medial coronoid. Diagnosis of fragmented coronoid process and medial compartment disease can be challenging. Radiographs are helpful but not definitive. In our opinion, arthroscopy is the ideal modality for the diagnosis of fragmented coronoid process because it allows accurate diagnosis and treatment of the fragment, as well as cartilage assessment. Traditional open surgery to diagnose fragmented coronoid is antiquated. First and foremost, the surgical approach to the elbow joint that affords the surgeon a thorough inspection is invasive and has moderate post-operative morbidity. Secondly, the arthroscopic visualization of key structures is far superior to an invasive surgical approach. Treatment of fragmented coronoid process in mild cases involves arthroscopic removal of the fragmented bone and cartilage. Arthroscopy is fast, effective, and minimally invasive. Arthroscopic treatment takes between 15 and 30 minutes per elbow and virtually all dogs can be treated on an outpatient basis. In mild cases the prognosis for return to normal activity is excellent. Most dogs return to normal activity within a few weeks to a few months with little or no lameness. In moderate cases, the coronoid process is both fragmented and abnormal in size and shape, cartilage erosion is present on both the medial humeral condyle and the non-fragmented portion of the remaining medial coronoid. In these situations, the fragment is removed and a partial coronoidectomy is performed arthroscopically. An ulnar osteotomy may also be performed in moderate cases. The prognosis for moderate cases of fragmented coronoid process is less certain. If the aforementioned treatments are performed and the cartilage is in fair condition, many dogs have no or minimal lameness and the progression of arthritis is slow. Medial compartment disease In the majority of dogs with chronic severe elbow dysplasia, all of the cartilage on the medial innermost aspect of the joint is worn away, resulting in what is now termed medial compartment disease. Unfortunately, this degree of osteoarthritis is difficult to successfully treat. Arthroscopy can be used to remove any free fragments and the joint. Several osteotomies such as proximal dynamic ulnar osteotomy and PAUL procedure can also be used to treat medial compartment syndrome with variable results. Platelet rich plasma has shown some promise for short term improvement but will not promote cartilage regrowth. Elbow replacement is available, and has been performed at CCOR, but the procedure is new and long-term results are not yet available. Canine osteochondritis dissecans OCD Osteochondritis Dissecans OCD is a juvenile bone disease that can affect the shoulder, stifle, tarsal and elbow joints of young dogs. Osteochondritis Dissecans is a subset of osteochondrosis. Osteochondrosis is a failure of endochondral ossification; the process by which most bones grow and involves juvenile cartilage being replaced by bone. This failure of cartilage becoming bone results in overly thick joint cartilage adjacent to the joint figure 1. The deepest layer of this thickened cartilage is inadequately nourished resulting in cell death figure 2. Cartilage debris and inflammatory mediators are released into the joint fluid and inflammation ensues. Elbow OCD affects young large and giant breed dogs. Limping is the common clinical sign. Many dogs have pain on elbow flexion and extension, as well as limited range of motion. Radiographs are helpful in diagnosing OCD, but CT scanning and arthroscopy are used for definitive diagnosis. Treatment for elbow OCD involves arthroscopic debridement followed by a cartilage grafting procedure called osteochondral autograph transfer system OATS. Artificial cartilage plugs Synacart by Arthrex can also be used to fill the defect. Some forms of biological treatment such as platelet rich plasma or stem cells have also been advocated but will not result in cartilage regeneration despite claims made by some. Canine ununited anconeal process UAP Ununited anconeal process UAP is an elbow disorder most often affecting young German Shepherds, although it can be seen in almost any breed. The underlying problem is not clearly understood. UAP may be associated with malalignment of the elbow joint or a genetic juvenile bone disorder called osteochondrosis. The most common clinical signs are limping and swelling of the elbow joint. Clinical signs usually appear at about months of age. Radiography, CT scan and arthroscopy are used to make the diagnosis. Treatment options include arthroscopy, ulnar osteotomy, fragment removal or fragment re-attachment. Treatment should be initiated as soon as the diagnosis is made. The prognosis is fair to good. Cost of elbow disorder treatments Veterinary specialty care is a double-edged sword these days no pun intended. All major orthopedic procedures are more sophisticated, successful, and less invasive today than they were in the past. These advances come at a cost for the surgeon and client. Fees for elbow arthroscopy includes anesthesia and monitoring, nerve blocks when needed, and routine go home medication. Radiographs and CT scans are charged for separately and should be discussed at the time of the initial consultation. Osteotomies, when required, are charged for separately and should be discussed on a case by case basis. At Colorado Canine Orthopedics we are committed to providing only state of the art, non-compromised pet healthcare. We realize some pet owners may find this level of care relatively costly. However, despite the inherently expensive nature of our work, we are dedicated to providing the highest level of care at the most affordable price possible. We believe if you compare our fees to other specialty practices you will find this true. Back to Top. References 1. Clinical and pathological effects Elbow dysplasia ED is a general term that encompasses five distinct anatomical problems that tend to result in malformation of the elbow joint and to early-onset osteoarthritis. HCO, and the other four, are described below. Fragmented medial coronoid process FMCP : The medial coronoid process is a piece of bone that should form part of the top of the ulna and part of the elbow joint. In FMCP, during early development, this fails to connect to the ulna. Ununited anconeal process UAP : The anconeal process is a protrusion of the top of the ulna. Developmentally, it starts as a separate bone which should fuse to the ulna. When this fusion fails to happen, the dog suffers from a UAP. Elbow incongruity IC : Dogs with IC have malformed articular surfaces of the three bones that make up the elbow and because of this they do not fit together normally. It can affect the weight-bearing surfaces between the humerus and the radius and ulna and also the way in which the upper part of the ulna fits inside the lower end of the humerus Schwarz .Ununited medial epicondyle UME : This is an uncommon condition in which the medial epicondyle, a bone on the end of the humerus, fails to unite with the humerus during development. Here the focus is on HCO. Other forms of elbow dysplasia can also occur in this breed, especially UAP Keller et al , and HCO is also common in other dogs, particularly those of large body size. More than one form of elbow dysplasia may be seen in the same elbow. Figure 1. The three bones of the elbow joint separated and in normal alignment. In a healthy canine elbow joint the ulna and radius form a flat surface for articulation with the humerus. Image property of Phil Witte, to whom we are grateful for permission to reproduce it here. At their upper ends, the radius and part of the ulna form a flattened surface that bears the load imposed by the condyles of the humerus. The condyles of the humerus are two fist-like projections on the lower end of the humerus that articulate with the radius and ulna bones at the elbow joint. They are formed of bone covered with joint cartilage. The condyle on the inside on the side of the humerus adjacent to the body is the medial condyle, the other is the lateral condyle. Figure 2. The anterior front view of the humerus, highlighting the location of the humeral condyles. Bones grow through growth of cartilage and, as the cartilage layer thickens, the lower, older layers become ossified — that is, they turn into bone. In osteochondrosis, trauma, nutritional disturbance or other factors disturbs this process of ossification so an area of thickening cartilage develops. As cartilage has no blood supply it cannot function well when it is thicker than normal. Thick cartilage degenerates and an area of diseased cartilage forms. This may crack, cavities may form within it, and it may fragment Guthrie et al .When cartilage fragments break free into the joint the condition is called osteochondrosis dessicans,and the function of the joint is compromised. In early stages, when only cartilage is affected, the disease is only detectable with direct observation by surgery usually arthroscopy. Only later, when bone is also diseased, will changes be detectable on radiography Remy et al , Baines .Figure 3. The deeper layers of articular cartilage red covering the surface of the humeral condyles have failed to turn to bone. The result is an abnormally thick layer of cartilage, which can then crack and fragment due to a lack of blood supply, causing discomfort and inhibiting the action of the joint. Dogs with HCO develop osteoarthritis degenerative joint disease of the elbow. In osteoarthritis there are progressive changes to the cartilage of the affected joint, varying amounts of inflammation and ongoing damage to other joint structures - the joint capsule, the synovial fluid of the joint and the surrounding bone. These changes are often present by months of age but can show later. Typical signs include: stiffness after rest, lameness which can be worse after exercise and pain when the leg is straightened or bent. Such signs are indistinguishable from other causes of elbow dysplasia and imaging of the joint eg by radiography is usually needed to make a definitive diagnosis Schwarz , Shell .Affected dogs may be treated with rest and pain-killers, and often treatment needs to be life-long. Removal of the diseased cartilage is often recommended. This can be performed using open joint surgery or with an arthroscope an endoscope designed for joints via key-hole incisions. Figures 4a and 4b. Osteoarthritic changes to the shape and structure of the elbow joint. The shaded areas on figure 4a extended elbow and 4b flexed elbow represent the changes to bone and cartilage as a result of HCO and other forms of elbow dysplasia. Images property of the British Veterinary Association Elbow Dysplasia Scheme, to whom we are grateful for permission to reproduce them here. Return to top 2. Intensity of welfare impact HCO causes pain and disability associated with osteoarthritis. This can vary from mild to severe. Welfare may also be affected as a result of the veterinary investigations from visits to veterinary practices, examinations, anaesthetics and surgery and treatments of the disease for example: the side effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs — examples of which include aspirin and ibuprofen - on the gastrointestinal tract. Return to top 3. Duration of welfare impact The mild to severe pain and disability that result from the osteoarthritis seen in this disease can be expected to start during the first few months of life and, without successful treatment, to continue for life. Treatment may help. Return to top 4. From data on estimates of total dog population in the UK and on the percentage of all micro-chip registered dogs that are German Shepherd dogs Lucy Asher, , personal communication , we estimate that the UK population size of this breed may be around , million. It may be, therefore, that there are about 50 - 85, dogs with this form of elbow dysplasia in the UK. Return to top 5. Determining the type of elbow dysplasia, its extent and the degree of secondary osteoarthritis requires further diagnostic investigations. Exploratory surgery is used to find fragments of bone, this is both diagnostic and can be therapeutic. It has been suggested that the best combination of diagnostic tests is CT plus arthroscopy Moores et al .Return to top 6. The heritability of the disease in GSDs has been found to be around 0. This is the proportions of the disease considered to be due to genetic rather than environmental influences. There may also be genetic factors affecting the degree of osteoarthritis that develops in an individual, independent of the genetics of the initial cause of the disease Clements et al .A genetic link between the presence of ED and hip dysplasia has been found but the genes involved have not been determined Cachon et al .Return to top 7. How do you know if an animal is a carrier or likely to become affected? Affected dogs should not be used for breeding. Determining carriers - those which carry and may pass on the gene s but which do not show signs of the disease themselves - is not currently possible. Return to top 8. Methods and prospects for elimination of the problem A voluntary scheme for grading the elbows of dogs susceptible to elbow dysplasia all forms has been in operation in the UK since although it has been suggested that breeder uptake has been relatively low Sampson .It is recommended that animals are not bred before two years of age females and 18 months males. This is so that animals selected for breeding are old enough to have revealed signs of the disease. In this scheme, dogs are scored once when over one year old. Radiographs taken by a local veterinary surgeon are forwarded to veterinary radiologists on the scheme panel for assessment. Each elbow is graded , with zero meaning that no evidence of elbow dysplasia was seen. If the two elbows have different grades, then the higher of the two grades is the one used for the dog. The scheme recommends that dogs used for breeding should have grades of zero or one and that those with higher scores are not bred from. Like other complex, multi-gene diseases in which environmental factors also play a part, good progress in reducing the prevalence of HCO is likely to be aided by greater knowledge of the underlying genetics. Treating the different forms of ED as separate entities is also likely to be helpful Innes .One approach is to breed from dogs that have better a breeding value see below than average for the breed Sampson .This takes account of both the individual being evaluated and its relatives and compares its likely genetic health to the average for the breed Malm et al .This would also take other conditions with known genetic influences into account, and there are many of these in GSDs eg degenerative myelopathy and hip dysplasia. It has been found that ED is more likely to occur in animals with hip dysplasia and both conditions should be screened for and considered in breeding programmes Cachon et al .Out-breeding GSDs with dogs of breeds known to have a much lower prevalence of HCO and of elbow dysplasia ED in general may lead to fewer being born with a lifetime of painful joint problems before them. Return to top 9. References 1. Clinical and pathological effects Elbow dysplasia ED is a general term that encompasses five distinct anatomical problems that tend to result in malformation of the elbow joint, and that lead to early-onset osteoarthritis. Ununited anconeal process UAP is one of these problems, and is the main focus here, but some of the other four conditions outlined below are referred to in the descriptions below about how UAP may develop. These conditions are: Fragmented medial coronoid process FMCP : The medial coronoid process is a piece of bone that should form part of the top of the ulna and of the elbow joint. In FMCP this fails, during development, to connect to the ulna. Osteochondrosis dissecans OCD : In OCD an area of joint cartilage develops abnormally or becomes damaged leading to thickening, cracking and fragmentation of the cartilage. Elbow incongruity IC : Dogs with IC have malformed articular surfaces of the three bones that make up the elbow and because of this they do not fit together normally. It can affect the weight-bearing surfaces between the humerus and the radius and ulna and also the way in which the upper part of the ulna fits inside the lower end of the humerus Schwarz .Ununited medial epicondyle UME : This is an uncommon condition in which the medial epicondyle, a part of the humerus, fails to unite with the humerus during development. At their upper ends, the radius and part of the ulna form a flattened surface that bears the load imposed by the humerus. The anconeal process protruberance is normally part of the end of the ulna. Its main function is not weight bearing, rather it helps to stabilize the elbow joint, particularly when the leg is extended. The anconeal process articulates with the caudal towards the tail of the dog surface of the humerus the back of the elbow joint and when the leg is extended straightened it fits into a hole at the lower end of the humerus called the humeral fossa. Figure 1. The three bones of the elbow joint separated and in normal alignment. In a healthy canine elbow joint the ulna and radius form a flat surface for articulation with the humerus. Image property of Phil Witte, to whom we are grateful for permission to reproduce it here. Figure 2. A diagram of the upper end of the ulna illustrating the locations of the coronoid and anconeal processes. But in breeds with large body size it is normal for the anconeal process to start as a separate small bone at birth, which, during development, should fuse on to the ulna. This usually occurs by 20 weeks of age. In UAP this fails to happen. The cause of this is unclear but one possibility is that it is a consequence of the radius growing disproportionately longer than the ulna such that the elbow joint is malformed and the anconeal process experiences abnormal pressures that cause it to be pushed away from the ulna, thus preventing it from fusing uniting. UAP therefore only becomes apparent in dogs aged over 20 weeks Schwarz .Figure 3. In larger dog breeds, the anconeal process forms separately. It should fuse with the ulna during development. Dogs with UAP develop osteoarthritis degenerative joint disease of the elbow. In osteoarthritis there are progressive changes to the cartilage of the affected joint, varying amounts of inflammation and ongoing damage to other joint structures - the joint capsule, the synovial fluid of the joint and the surrounding bone. These changes are often present by months of age and lead to clinical signs later. Typical signs include: stiffness after rest, lameness which can be worse after exercise and reduced mobility of the joint, with the leg tending to be held twisted outwards abducted and suppinated. Such signs are indistinguishable from those shown in other forms of elbow dysplasia and imaging of the joint is usually needed to make a definitive diagnosis Schwarz .Figure 4a Figure 4b Figures 4a and 4b. Osteoarthritic changes to the shape and structure of the elbow joint. The shaded areas on figure 4a extended elbow and 4b flexed elbow represent the changes to bone and cartilage as a result of UAP and other forms of elbow dysplasia. We are grateful to the BVA for permission to reproduce them here. This male bias may be associated with the greater weight of males Hazelwinkel .Affected dogs may be treated with rest and pain-killers, and often treatment needs to be lifelong. Various surgical procedures have been recommended but there is no clear consensus as to which is best. Return to top 2. Intensity of welfare impact UAP causes pain and disability associated with osteoarthritis. This can vary from mild to severe. Welfare may also be affected as a result of the veterinary investigations and treatments of the disease. Return to top 3. Duration of welfare impact The mild to severe pain and disability that result from the osteoarthritis seen in this disease can be expected to start during the first few months of life and, without successful treatment, to continue for life. Treatment may help but keeping affected dogs free from pain and avoiding disabilities is often challenging. Return to top 4. However, they suggested that this population of dogs may have already been prescreened to exclude dogs likely to be affected by UAP. From data on estimates of total dog population in the UK and on the percentage of all micro-chip registered dogs that are GSDs Lucy Asher , personal communication , we estimate that the UK population size of this breed may be around , Return to top 5. Diagnosis UAP can only be diagnosed in dogs older than about five months as it is normal for those breeds in which UAP occurs to have an ununited anconeal process prior to this Schwarz .Elbow disease and pain may be apparent. In cases of UAP it is more difficult to detect other concurrent forms of elbow disease Meyer-Lindenberg et al .Return to top 6. Genetics UAP is generally a disease of large dogs, as it is only in these that the anconeal process develops separately from the ulna. It is known that the father and mother contribute equally to the likelihood of the development of elbow dysplasia Maki et al .There are genetic influences both on the presence or absence of UAP and on whether, and to what degree, osteoarthritis occurs in an individual with UAP Clements et al .Return to top 7. How do you know if an animal is a carrier or likely to become affected? Affected dogs should not be used for breeding. Determining carriers - those which carry and may pass on the gene s but which do not show signs of the disease themselves - is not currently possible. Return to top 8. Methods and prospects for elimination of the problem A voluntary scheme to grade the elbows of dogs susceptible to elbow dysplasia all forms has been in operation in the UK since although it has been suggested that breeder uptake has been relatively low Sampson .In this scheme, the elbows are scored once when the dog is over one year old. Radiographs taken by a local veterinary surgeon are forwarded to veterinary radiologists on the scheme panel for assessment. Each elbow is graded , with zero meaning that no evidence of elbow dysplasia was seen. If the two elbows have different grades, the higher of the grades is the one used to characterise the dog. The scheme recommends that dogs used for breeding should have grades of zero or one and that those with higher scores should not be used for breeding. No evidence has yet been published as to whether this scheme has been effective in reducing the prevalence of elbow dysplasia in the GSD. A comparable scheme run in New Zealand since seems to have significantly reduced the severity of ED in GSDs being screened for the disease prior to breeding Worth et al and one run in Sweden since , appears to have reduced the prevalence of elbow dysplasia in Swedish Bernese Mountain dogs and Rottweilers Swenson et al , Malm et al .In common with other complex, multi-gene diseases that are influenced also by environmental factors, efforts to reduce the prevalence of UAP are complicated by the lack of information about the underlying genetics. One approach is to breed from dogs that have a better estimated breeding values EBV than average for the breed for this condition Sampson .The EBV is a numerical prediction of the relative genetic value of a particular dog in relation to one or more genetic problems and to degree of inbreeding. EBVs are calculated using all available information on the dog including pedigree, health status and physical characteristics. For this type of health programme to work many breeders and owners need to submit their animals for monitoring and analysis. EBVs are also useful because they enable selection against several hereditary diseases simultaneously and this is relevant in the case of the GSD which is predisposed to a number of hereditary disorders eg hip dysplasia, degenerative myelopathy, exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, anal furunculosis. Out-breeding GSDs with breeds known to have much lower prevalences of UAP and elbow dysplasia ED is likely to result in fewer dogs being born with a lifetime of painful joint problems before them. Return to top 9.

German Shepherd puppy development stages and ages — week by week guide Welcome to our German Shepherd puppy development stages and ages — week by week guide Different breeds like all different babies develop at different rates. There are going to be many exciting events for you to look forward to. Whether you are bringing your 8 week German Shepherd puppy home or about to be blessed with a litter of puppies. This is going to be an exciting, demanding but hugely rewarding journey. Newborn puppies are born at around days after fertilization. Newborn puppies are born with their ears and eyes tightly sealed. The reason eyelids are sealed shut is to form a protective barrier for the fragile developing eye. This helps to protect them from any foreign object, bright lights, bacteria or any other microorganism that can cause disease or damage. In the same way puppies ear canals are closed at birth to make them effectively deaf. This is a protective barrier to protect the fragile underdeveloped machinery needed to hear. In a mature ear the pressure caused by sound will mechanically move structures in the ear. German Shepherd puppies are highly dependent upon their noses. Puppies navigate by smell from the moment they are born. This helps them to identify their mom, the very important milk supply, siblings and surroundings. Newborn puppies are born with a fur coat however they cannot control their own body temperature yet. To keep them warm they are dependant on their mothers or another heat source. If you live in a cooler climate installing a heat lamp would be ideal to help keep the puppies nice and warm. Germans Shepherds make amazing mothers and will be relied on a lot at this stage. Mother dogs will only leave their newborn puppies to go to the toilet, eat and drink. However, when mom has gone the newborn puppies are not completely useless. They are able to use their front paws to drag themselves towards a heat source. When mom is away the puppies will crawl together to preserve their body heat. Along with being able to drag themselves to a heat source newborn puppies are also able to drag themselves to their mothers to locate the milk supply. They will move their heads around to search for a nipple, latch on and suck strongly. Newborn puppies are not born with teeth these will also develop in the next several weeks. Other than the above puppies are completely dependent upon the care of their dedicated mom. Newborn puppies have little control over the rear end of their bodies. To encourage their pups to pass urine and bowel movements the mom will lick their bottoms. Anything produced mom will then lick up and swallow to keep her puppies and nest clean. Some pups will even double their birth weight! Your German Shepherd puppy will still be highly dependent upon their mom at this stage. Beneath all their fur the vital organs will be working hard to mature. This includes the eyes. Your puppy will not be ready to open their eyes yet but lots of changes are taking place to prepare them for grand opening. The ear canals will begin to open around the same time as the eyes. When the ear canals do open, the ears are much more formed than the eyes are at this point in time. Their eyesight usually takes around 8 weeks to reach its full potential. When their eyes become wider, they will reveal blueish-gray eyes which are hazy in appearance. Their eyesight will continue to develop until around 8 weeks old. The ear canals will also open around 2 weeks. The puppies hearing has been developing much quicker than their eyesight and they will be able to hear most things by the time their ear canals fully open. However, their amazing hearing ability will continue to enhance over the next several weeks. At the moment your German Shepherd puppy will have cute floppy ears. Their adorable tall ears can come up anywhere between 8 weeks and 6 months of age. Floppy ears are common until your German Shepherd finishes teething. By then the ear cartilage will become strong and hard enough for the ears to stand up permanently. Now is a good time to start handling the puppies and get them used to your voice. Most puppies are wormed for the first time when they are 2 weeks old. All this development has happened so quickly, but things are about to get even more exciting. Between 2 and 4 weeks your German Shepherd puppy will begin to stand up this is when the real fun begins. Puppies milky teeth will also start to develop between 2 to 4 weeks. These sharp little teeth will remain until about weeks of age. These little daggers play an important role during the weaning process. Even the most patient moms will struggle to nurse with these sharp painful teeth. This reluctance to nurse will prompt the German Shepherds to seek alternative food sources. These sharp teeth will then help to make up for the lack of jaw strength when eating solid foods. Finally, these sharp puppy teeth play an important role in teaching the pups to gauge their bite pressure when playing with their mom and siblings. This is an essential life lesson that enables our powerful German Shepherds to become safer companions as they mature into strong adult dogs. During the last few weeks mom has done an amazing job of getting her babies strong and their mobility will have come on leaps and bounds well not quite yet but by 3 weeks of age your German Shepherd puppy will begin to trotter around. Most 3 week old German Shepherd puppies can stand and sit. With their baby teeth starting to cut through a lot of breeders. Especially those with large litters will start introducing some solid foods. This helps relieve some of the pressure for the devoted German Shepherd mom. When weaning puppies, you need to start off by soaking their food in either water or puppy milk replacement formula to make it mushy and more comfortable for them to eat. As they start to interact and play with their siblings their personalities will really start to show. You may also notice them starting to playfully growl at each other. At 3 weeks old it will become easier to start identifying different members of the pack. Breeders and moms will be kept on their toes and paws over the next few weeks. As the pups start getting more confident on their feet they will be running around and playing enthusiastically. At 4 weeks old they will begin to wag their adorable little tails. With solid food becoming a major part of their diet the pups will be passing bigger bowel movements. They will be able to show more control of their bowel movements as they take themselves away from their brothers and sisters to perform their business. At this stage mom will be taking a much more relaxed approach to parenting and there will be a lot more for the breeder to clear up. By this point mealtimes are a messy process. If it is warm and safe enough to do so we would recommend taking the pups out in the yard for feeding. German Shepherd puppies are becoming a lot stronger at vocalisations by 4 weeks old. When mom returns to her babies the litter will noisily greet her. Around 4 weeks of age your puppies will need to be wormed again. From this week onwards human interaction is very important in order to form relationships with people. Including different noises and smells. This exposure will ensure your German Shepherd puppy turns into a confident, friendly individual. Mom will also be doing an important job of teaching her puppies to not bite too hard. Even an 8 week old German Shepherd puppy would have the power in their jaws to break the smaller bones in humans fingers. This is why mom teaching her puppies bite inhibition is so important. For more information on bite inhibition please see our guide on German Shepherd bite inhibition. By 5 weeks old German Shepherd puppies will be eating a lot of solid foods, several times throughout the day. Those sharp little teeth would have done their job and mom will be gradually weaning her pups of the dependency on her milk. When mom does feed her puppies, she will only do so for a short period whilst standing up. They will be eating between five and six small meals a day. Although the pups no longer rely on mom for milk, they still need her help and guidance for the next few weeks. Mom will be teaching her babies important life skills to live alongside humans. In some countries 6 week old puppies are taken away from their mothers and moved into their new home. We would not recommend this as the puppies will miss out on continued bite inhibition training from their siblings and mother. This can result in a puppy who bites too hard which can be challenging to manage as they get older. In the USA your puppy will be due their first combined 5-in-1 vaccine at 6 weeks old. This vaccine helps to immunizes your puppy against hepatitis, parvo, distemper, parainfluenza and coronavirus. Most puppies will also need to be wormed again at 6 weeks old. Their last week together will consist of plenty of socialization and playing. Most breeders will arrange a 7 week health check up with the vet to make sure your bundle of fluff is fit and healthy to go to their new home. In the UK some breeders will arrange for the pups first 8 week vaccination to take place during this check. Although some vets advise against it. By the end of this week German Shepherd puppies are ready to leave their mothers and move into their new homes for good. The week you get to take your new puppy home. This will be a very exciting time, but you may also be feeling a bit nervous. There will be some challenged along the way for new puppy owners and your puppy will take some time to adjust to life without its mother and siblings. In the UK the first combined vaccination will help to immunizes your puppy against distemper, parvovirus, leptospirosis and hepatitis. The first puppy injection in the UK typically will happen between 8 and 10 weeks. Some breeders would have trained the puppies to poop and pee on newspapers or puppy pads. From the moment you get them home it is important to show your German Shepherd puppy where to pee and poop. Puppies naturally like to pee where they have done so before so to avoid building history of peeing in your home is best if you can to avoid it. The more you can avoid accidents from happening as much as possible from the start the faster the puppy training process should be. All puppies are different, and some will get this quicker than others. The main thing to remember is not to discipline your puppy for accidents. The most successful way to potty train is to reward success and ignore accidents. Just clean them up quickly and thoroughly. Your puppy will love nothing more than being praised. For more information please see our guide on How to potty train your German Shepherd puppy. Already your German Shepherd puppy will feel like part of the family. German Shepherds puppies are always adorable but at 9 weeks they are at the age where they are still puppy-like but very clumsy,curious and keen to play with her new family, which is very cute. Your German Shepherds unique personality will make you feel very proud. At 9 weeks your cheeky German Shepherd pup will be feeling more confident, with this the need to explore everything and anything may end up getting them into trouble. Your puppy will develop new sleeping patterns and feeding routines which you will need to adapt to. Most puppies will sleep between eighteen and twenty hours a day at 9 weeks old. During the day when you are with your puppy generally you will not need to shut them away in a crate to nap. German Shepherd puppies are often more than happy to sleep whilst family life goes on around them. However, there will be times when sleeping in a crate is better and safer for your puppy. You must not leave a 9 week old puppy to sleep outside the crate if you are not home to watch them if they wake. Puppies are into everything and many innocent items found in the house could be a potential hazard to your inquisitive pup. For more information please see our guide on how to puppy proof your home. Even if your puppy can barely keep their eyes open other pups and children will still want to play and your German Shepherd puppy may find it hard to refuse. After a hard day of play the peace and quiet of a crate will enable your pup to have a well-deserved nap. If your German Shepherd puppy does need to go to the toilet in the night make sure you keep it short and to a minimum. Establishing a daily routine is the best way to get your German Shepherd puppy to sleep through the night. Part of this schedule will involve mealtimes. Your 9 week old puppy will need four meals a day. Split these up throughout the day and try to stick to similar times. This is to stop encouraging your puppy to wake up earlier and earlier because they associate waking with food. You should always reward your puppy either vocally, with a favourite toy or treats for good behaviour and ignore bad behaviour. Puppies and dogs want to be praised so they respond very well to positive encouragement. Punishing puppies and dogs may have a short term positive effect on their behaviour but long term you could be setting them up to fail. It is very important to socialise and expose your puppy to other humans, dogs and different scenarios whilst they are young. This maybe hard before your puppy has had all its vaccines however getting many different people to come and visit you at your home will enable them to get used to visitors. Before their full vaccinations you can also, you can take you German Shepherd puppy out and about with you to expose them to the outside world as long as you can carry them. If you live in the USA, your puppy will be due their second combined 5-in-1 vaccine at 9 weeks old. In the USA a minimum of three sets of the combined vaccine are required for your puppy. Although you cannot put your puppy down outside until after their final vaccination. Puppies 10 week injection In the UK is a booster vaccination to help immunizes your puppy against distemper, parvovirus, leptospirosis and hepatitis. Check with your vet what date after their jabs your German Shepherd puppy will be able to go down outside. Your puppy will then need a booster between 6 and 12 months old. If you live in the USA at 12 weeks old your German Shepherd puppy will be due their booster for the combined 5in1 vaccine against hepatitis, distemper, parainfluenza, parvo and coronavirus and a vaccine against rabies and leptospirosis. If you live in a high risk area, they may also need to be given the vaccination to help immunize them against Lyme. If applicable at 16 weeks your German Shepherd puppy may need to have a fourth combined 5in1 vaccine. A minimum of three combined injections are required in the USA. Check with your vet what date they will be able to be out down outside. By 10 weeks old your German Shepherd puppy will be able to control their bladder a lot more. Potentially up to several hours. This is great time for you to introduce them to the big wide world and develop their social skills which you have already been building the foundations. When taking your German Shepherd puppy out try to introduce them to as many other friendly dogs, humans and noises you can. This will help your German Shepherd puppy to grown into a confident well-rounded dog. At 3 months old your German Shepherd will go down from four daily meals to three. These three portions will be larger than what they are used to which may cause stomach upset. If your German Shepherd puppy does get an upset stomach, try going back to four smaller meals for a couple of days and they try the three larger portions again. This can be a challenging time as your adorable German Shepherd puppy turns into a furry crocodile. Luckily the teething stage is only a phase as with human babies and short lived. In most cases your puppy biting should stop around when they are around 7 months old and have their adult teeth. You maybe noticing your German Shepherds gorgeous ears fluctuating between floppy and pointy. By the time your puppy has finished teething their ears should tick up all the way. This usually happens around months. As they grow their cartilage becomes stronger. Some puppies need another month or so to help them cope without going out for frequent toilet breaks. Even when your German Shepherd puppy is toilet trained occasional accidents are normal. German Shepherds do have large ears but they tend to grow into them as they get older. German Shepherd puppies will begin to grow their new adult coat between 4 and 6 months old. To make way for their adult coat all the puppy hair has to go. For several weeks you will notice an increase in shedding. This is a completely normal part of growing up for your German Shepherd. Being a double coat breed German Shepherds dogs have a topcoat and an undercoat. Twice a year your pup will shed their undercoat. Usually in spring and again in fall. They also shed in general days a year so be prepared for a lot of fur! They will very much look like a smaller version of their adult selves. Although your German Shepherd may look older on the inside, they are still very much a puppy. If you are looking to get your puppy neutered or spayed the recommended age is 6 to 9 months. However, it is common for some female puppies to get spayed at 4 months old. Summary: Your German Shepherd is bound to give you so much joy and happiness throughout its life. There will be challenges along the way but remember this is completely normal. German Shepherds are such an amazing breed and you will have a loyal friend for life. Related Posts. They cannot see or hear yet, or regulate their body temperature, and they require a lot of tender care from their mom. The new mom is usually very excited and concerned about each newborn, and sometimes overly enthusiastic about chewing off the umbilical cord, which may later result in an umbilical hernia that will take a little longer to close, but is no danger to the puppy. We record the ribbon color and weight of each puppy so that, when we weigh the pups throughout the next days and weeks, we can make sure that each one is gaining weight. Normal weight for a newborn German Shepherd puppy ranges from g to g 0. We take great care to ensure that our newborn German Shepherd puppies have the best chance for a healthy start. A German Shepherd female can be in active labor for 6 to 18 hours, sometimes even longer if she takes a break while having a large litter, and we of course do not leave her side during this time. I stay up making sure that the whelping box which is always in my office or bedroom is clean and dry after each puppy is born, and that the temperature stays constant 86 - 88 F in the room. We keep the temperature at this level for about 2 weeks, gradually reducing it down to normal F by the end of the third week. Someone is always present with the puppies during the first 5 days. I handle the puppies several times a day, as well as weigh them every other day during this period, to make sure that everyone looks and acts healthy, nurses well, and is gaining weight. I usually buy a dozen fluffy cotton towels, and use two at a time as bedding for the whelping box. I change these towels twice daily at this stage to make sure the puppies are always clean and dry. Starting from day 3, and until day 16, I follow The "Super Dog" Program for our puppies - an early neurological stimulation program described by Dr. Carmen Battaglia. It has numerous benefits later in life for puppies. Often, puppies that were born the smallest overtake the bigger ones. Even at this tender age strong individual differences can be noted among German Shepherd puppies. Also, there is difference in their color and markings, and long-hair German Shepherd puppies can often be identified at this age. The new mom is very attached to her puppies at this age and is very reluctant to leave them even for the shortest time. She spends a lot of time sleeping with the puppies nursing peacefully, and is also very happy to be busy cleaning each puppy several times a day and flipping them around gently with her nose. At about 2 weeks of age German Shepherd puppies actually start looking more like puppies, and not just fat black sausages with feet attached. We use undiluted evaporated goats milk from a can, warmed up to be pleasant to the touch. Most puppies readily accept the bottle, and we consider this to be very important bonding and social time as well. Three weeks of age is my favorite age of all. The puppies now can be recognized as German Shepherd puppies. They are alert, playful, and there is a lot of wrestling, tail-wagging, and even barking going on as they explore their surroundings and interact with each other and their mom, all of which is extremely cute. I will often just sit in the whelping box with them, letting them play with my clothes, climb up on my lap, and generally just enjoying their carefree company. We also provide them with various toys starting at this age, and make sure that they listen to loud music, banging on the door, vacuum cleaner, etc. They weigh around 1. At first, they may not have a lot of success with it, as some of them try to suckle on the meat, but in a few days they master this new type of eating very well. We also continue giving them goats milk, but in a shallow saucer pan now, and with some rice baby cereal added, so that they can practice lapping. At this age, the mom is no longer so keen on constantly staying with her puppies, and only visits them to feed them and for a clean up. We continue changing the bedding twice a day now, knowing very well that in about a week it will become times a day, as the mom will not be able to keep up with her cleaning duties any more. We wash soiled towels with a little bit of bleach and a little bit of perfume-free detergent. Four weeks of age is even more fun as the puppies keep developing, but the amount of cleaning starts to increase in geometrical progression, and it becomes a full time job to keep the puppies well fed and clean. The mom is only visiting now and then at this point, and enjoys spending her time in the office, so that she can hear and see the puppies, but not necessarily be with them. With mom visiting for a few brief feedings each day, we feed them three times a day with the following diet: 1. Cottage cheese 2 tbsp per puppy , mixed with plain yogurt 1 tsp per puppy , evaporated goats milk, rice baby cereal 1 tsp. Raw tripe, or beef liver cooked with all kinds of vegetables At about 5 weeks of age the duty of keeping the whelping box clean becomes nightmarish, and this is a good time to introduce German Shepherd puppies to the outdoors. This is a room that is a part of the house, but has free access to the outside world. This room is equipped with a wooden resting platform so that puppies do not lay on concrete, with a heating lamp above it, and the floor is completely covered with a layer of pine woodchips. The outside area is about 6 x 6 ft and the floor is made of paving stones. There is another wooden laying platform here. This is a very important period when we introduce our German Shepherd puppies to more noises, show them the way in and out of the house, introduce them to the other dogs, play tug-of-war, etc. Also, we introduce raw frozen sardines and "The Honest Kitchen" products to their diet, and will occasionally feed kibble, soaked well in warm water and mixed with green tripe from a can At 3, 5, and 7 weeks of age our German Shepherd puppies get dewormed with a high quality wormer, to be certain that they are free of intestinal parasites. At about 6 weeks of age the puppies get their first combination 5-way vaccine including Parvo and Distemper , and at 7 weeks of age we start welcoming visitors who are interested to come and look at the puppies. Often during weekends we have several groups of visitors of all ages coming to interact with the puppies, which is such a great socialization opportunity for them. Copyright .All rights reserved. Baby German Shepherds growing up! German Shepherd Dogs are one of the most popular dog breeds out there at the moment, with many devoted fans. They can be large and imposing as adults. But, like every breed, they have a cute puppy phase that many fall in love with. However, since most puppies are bought at weeks old, most of us miss out on this magical period of their lives. So what happens during those first important weeks? A typical German Shepherd litter consists of around puppies. The mean average, according to a study performed in , is 6. When they are first born, they will still have an umbilical cord attached and may be covered in amniotic fluid. Their mother should chew off the umbilical cord and spend the first few hours cleaning their pups. Then mom will focus on keeping her newborn pups warm while allowing them to nurse. At this stage, German Shepherd puppies will just sleep and avoid expending energy. They will frequently nurse from their mother. Newborn German Shepherds When baby German Shepherd puppies are first born, they are completely dependent on their mother. Their ears and eyes will be closed and they will be unable to regulate their own body temperature efficiently. A coat should be present, and the color will depend on the genes they have inherited from their parents. Black with tan markings is the most common for this breed. Additionally, they will be relatively immobile. They will be unable to properly support their own weight. Therefore, they will commonly crawl on their stomach to move about. They will also be unable to urinate or defecate on their own. Stimulation from their mother will be required to help them go to the toilet. One Week Old Baby German Shepherd In the first week, the puppies should bulk up significantly and double their birth weight. However, there will not be much change in their behavior. They will still primarily be focused on nursing and sleeping. To help themselves stay warm, the puppies will normally cuddle close to each other, except for when they are in a hot environment. At this stage, they will still be blind and deaf. While they are still unable to see very well, this is a big step. Eyes should open for the first time at around days of age. They will appear blue in color, but this will change into brown as they develop. They may become a little more inquisitive about their surroundings with their new-found eyesight, and may begin to crawl around a little more. We can expect to see them make some big steps at this stage. Firstly, at around days old, their ears should begin to open for the first time. They should now be able to both see and hear, though not too clearly. Their senses will continue to develop over the coming weeks. They will begin to be able to stand and support their own weight. Walking may still be tough, though! They will likely be pretty wobbly. You can also expect to see their baby teeth come in at around this time. While they still get the majority of their nutrition from their mother, they will begin to show interest in solid food. They will begin to become more independent at this age, being able to urinate and defecate on their own. Beginning Of Socialization With their sight and hearing, they are likely to show a little bit of adventure and courage for the first time, exploring their surroundings as much as their unsteady gait will allow them. This milestone also marks the beginning of the socialization period, a critical phase of their development. Things learned now can shape their personality and behavior for the rest of their lives. They may engage the other puppies in clumsy play and show body language such as tail wagging for the first time. They will form relationships with their den mates, their mother, and humans. This stage is critical in getting the puppies used to humans. This can be achieved by gently exposing the puppies to human presence and contact so that they can see that they are no threat. While their brains are still very much in development, they are still able to learn some simple concepts at this stage. Crate and potty training can begin at this age. They should now be able to walk pretty well. This mobility will allow them to further play with their family and be even more curious about their surroundings. On top of this, their baby teeth should now be fully formed and the weaning process should be fully underway. They should be offered soft but solid food. They may begin to show signs of more complex social behaviors towards their other den mates, and they should learn important skills like bite inhibition. The socialization process should continue, with the puppies gently being exposed to new people, sights, and sounds. The German Shepherd babies will also be further weaned off the mother at this time, slowly moving onto a fully solid diet. Six Week Old Baby German Shepherd At this age, you will begin to see the puppies become even more independent of their mother. Six week old puppies are gaining social skills rapidly, and love to play with people and each other. Seven Week Old Baby German Shepherd When we move into the seventh week of their life, a new significant phase of development starts to begin: the fear period. While this sounds disconcerting, it merely means that this is the time that many puppies begin to show fear towards new things, rather than curiosity. Things that the puppy may find scary or uncertain during this time can make for big changes in their personality throughout life. For example, if a puppy has a bad experience with a human at this stage, it may lead them to becoming fearful and distrustful towards people for the rest of their life. This is why gently exposing the puppies to humans and common sights and sounds beforehand is important. By preemptively socializing the puppies with humans, we can help this period run smoother. The puppies will have reached weights of around pounds and should be around inches tall. Their ears will lie flat but should begin to become erect and upright over the coming weeks. They will be fully independent of their mother at this age. They should be completely weaned, with some basic training and socialization. From here, new owners are expected to continue to train and socialize them, as they are still within a critical period of development. New owners will also need to continue to ensure the German Shepherd puppy is fed a good, nutritionally balanced diet. For more information, you can check out our full puppy development guide here. And make sure you also take a look at this guide to bathing a puppy!

Their beauty, athleticism, smarts, attitude. To me it was the perfect package. So I went out looking for one. Of course, I made all the first time buyer mistakes as well. I knew nothing of reputable breeders, health testing, titles and temperment evaluations, and I bought my first female Lily out of the paper. She is not conformatally correct, but luckily she had a friendly, though shy temperament and beyond all luck, she lived until 3 months shy of 14 years old! Lily was your typical velcro dobe and was happiest when she was right next to me. In , When Lily was 5, I decided to add to my doberman family, and this time looked for a top notch breeder. Someone who was breeding for health and solid teperament, and was active in the dog world working and putting titles on their dogs. He sold me a male out of a great litter, and I named him Strider. Strider was everything you could ask for in a doberman. He was a great example of the breed both physically and mentally. He was beautiful and bomb proof and bold as brass. He was funny, full of himself, and beyond confident. Friendly with both humans and dogs, he became a certified therpay dog and went to hopspitals and old age homes regularly to visit people who wanted to spend time with a dog. I lost Strider just shy of his 7th birthday to complications of Lymphoma. He did six months of chemo and two half body radiations and was cancer free to the end. Many thanks to the team at the OVC in Guelph. He was such a good boy. After I lost Strider, I decided to persue a dream I had always had, but not been able to fulfill. To show my own doberman in the conformation ring and get a championship. With my work schedule for the past 20 years, that would have been impossible. Working on stage and only having Mondays off really does not leave you much opportunity to go to dog shows or competitions on the weekends! One of the trade offs for a life in the theatre!!! So in January , I blocked off time and bought myself a 'show dog'! I contacted Sandra Hunter of Bruda Dobermans in Chicago, and I was lucky enough to get one of the two show males she had held back. I named him Rudolph, as I got him just after Christmas, and as he is red and looks like a reindeer. Rudy was to be my first 'show' dog and boy did he teach me a thing or two about training a dog for the ring! Rudy finished his Canadian Championship owner handled in Novemeber of .Rudy is also involved in agility. The show bug caught, and I wanted a great quality bitch to show and to hopefully become my foundation bitch of my own breeding program in the future. As they say, the universe shows you the way and things happen for a reason. I was not really actively looking for said bitch, as Rudy was still young and I had things I wanted to do with him first but a casual email turned into one of the best things that could have happened! Their male special Gage, was a dog that not only was so impressive to look at but who reminded me a lot of Strider. Both American and Canadian Grand Champions and both exceptional representations of the breed. Quite the accomplishement as Gage is owner handled by Greg. So it came to be that I would get a show bitch from this fantastic breeding, and I named her Vega after the star! Vega, the brightest star in the constellation Lyra. Vega has been extensively studied by astronomers, leading it to be termed "arguably the next most important star in the sky after the Sun. Bold as brass. She is beautiful and bombproof. She's never spooked, she adjusts to new situations in seconds, and is happy and inquisitive all the time. A little Jumping bean! She was an easy dog to handle in the ring and I finished her Canadian Championship at 8 months, with a best puppy in group. She finished her American Championship with 4 Majors, 2 of which she won on the competitive Florida circuit. Fantastic support, mentorship and friendship. And that is what I intend to offer all of my own puppy buyers in the future. Support, mentorship and friendship. Please feel free to follow the NEWS section of this website to keep up to date on all of the goings on of Broadway Dobermans. Their muscular build will require larger than average amounts of protein, which is best acquired from lean meats. There is protein inside commercial kibble, but it is usually derived from vegetable sources and is thus somewhat inferior. This means you should aim to give your Doodleman the best possible quality dry kibble possible, ideally supplemented with canned food or meat. This will help provide your Doodleman with additional moisture, though as with any dog, constant access to fresh, clean water is essential. Dairy products, excessive grains, and fatty meats should also be strictly avoided, as these can swiftly lead to health issues. This exercise should be regular and consistent and combine high-intensity exercise, like running, walking, and cycling, with mentally stimulating games. Without this regular physical and mental stimulation, Doodlemans can become agitated, causing them to become destructive and even aggressive. The intelligence of Poodles combined with the protective nature of Doberman breeds means that they will notice changes to their routines and can become confused and distressed when this is not adhered to. These parent breeds have a long history of specific tasks, and they will thrive when given important and specific instructions. Early obedience training is essential for Doodlemans. These dogs are in-tune with human emotions and will pick up even the most subtle shifts in energy from their owners. This means you need to be confident and display leadership with these dogs so they are fully aware of whom is in charge. That said, they are also eager-to-please animals, and this will work hugely in your favor when training them. They will benefit from plenty of praise for good work, rewards, and exciting and high-energy tasks. Any form of harsh physical correction should be strictly avoided with these dogs. Not only does this break trust between you and your Doodleman, but it can also cause aggressive behavior and make training something dreaded as opposed to enjoyed. Basic command training can begin as early as 10 weeks with these intelligent dogs. Daily brushing is needed to prevent matting and skin issues. Bathing should be kept to a minimum, and we recommend bathing only when necessary to prevent dry skin. The ears of Doodlemans should be especially paid attention to. Due to the lack of airflow on the floppy ears of Doodlemans, there is a high risk of infection, earwax buildup, and mites. They should be checked regularly for any redness or discharge, as these are early signs of infection. If they are exercised regularly and have balanced diets, they will usually live a good life with few health issues. However, there are common problems that are reported among Dobermans and Poodles that may carry over into Doodlemans. Dobermans commonly suffer from dilated cardiomyopathy, which is a swelling of the heart. Von Willebrand disease is another common hereditary disease that may be passed on to your Doodleman. Cervical vertebral instability is a common neurological disorder caused by the compression of the spine in older Dobermans. Milder conditions include hypothyroidism and bloat. One of the most common problems that affect around half of Poodles worldwide is sebaceous adenitis, which is an inflammation of the sebaceous glands. This disorder can lead to skin disease and hair loss. Neutering males and spaying females have a host of health and behavioral benefits , including the prevention of some cancers. Minor Conditions. Should a Doberman Mix take after their Doberman Pinscher parent, they will be a large, powerful, and protective dog that is affectionate with their families. They may look imposing as they grow, but they are playful, energetic dogs that can make great family pets. Doberman Pinschers are quintessential protectors. As such, they require a lot of training and socialization to become a happy, well-balanced, and well-mannered dog. A properly socialized and trained Doberman is fiercely loyal to their families and is also a loving companion with a fun personality. As long as they are properly trained and socialized, they tend to get along well with children, other dogs, and even other pets. If a Doberman Mix takes after their Doberman Pinscher parent, then you can expect a similar temperament. However, the other parent breed will likely introduce some other potential traits and quirks, so you do want to ask the breeder about them. You can also meet the mother dog in-person to get an idea of her temperament and to see the behavior she is modeling for her puppies. The breeder should be starting socialization and training. Dobermans are moderately adaptable dogs. Because of their large size and high energy, they are better suited to homes with yards where they can run. They can adapt to apartment living, but you will need to dedicate a lot of time every day to making sure they get the exercise and attention they need to be happy and healthy. Doberman Pinschers do well in most climates. As with any dog breed, they are sensitive to heat. Because of their short coat, they may need to bundle up in some winter dog products to stay warm on walks during the winter. They also do not like to be left alone for long periods of time. If the other parent breed is similar in terms of adaptability, then you can expect the same from a Doberman Mix. You still want to ask the breeder about the other parent breed so you have a better idea of what mix of traits and quirks a Doberman Mix puppy could end up with. Mixed-breed dogs are sometimes healthier than purebred dogs. The other parent breed will have their own set of potential health concerns, so you want to ask the breeder about them. Reputable breeders will screen their dogs to help avoid passing issues on to puppies. So, you should be planning to ask about the health and genetic history of both of the parents anyway. You can also ask about any relevant health tests or clearances that have been done. Doberman Pinschers are also one of the dog breeds at a higher risk for developing bloat and a Doberman Mix will likely have the same risk. Bloat in dogs is a serious condition that can quickly become fatal if gastric torsion occurs. Although Dobermans are highly intelligent dogs that pick up on things quickly and are eager to please, they are also strong, powerful dogs with a strong will as well. If they are not socialized properly or well-trained, they can become unmanageable, destructive, and pushy. Because of this, a Doberman Pinscher is usually better suited to more experienced owners. Novice owners can do well with this breed, but obedience classes or enlisting the help of a professional trainer is highly recommended. The other parent breed could make a Doberman Mix easier or more difficult to train. Make sure you ask the breeder about them and then be prepared to enroll in training classes either way. A mixed-breed dog can inherit a coat similar to one of their parent breeds or a coat that is truly a mix of both. Should a Doberman Mix end up with a Doberman coat, it will be short and will shed a little year-round. A quick daily brushing and the occasional bath is enough to keep this coat healthy. Good dental care for dogs is often overlooked, which is why gum disease is one of the most common health issues in dogs. Brushing teeth or using an enzyme toothpaste every day helps prevent painful dental diseases later in life. A Doberman Pinscher is a high-energy dog breed that needs a lot of exercise to be happy and healthy. Daily walks plus playtime and time to run or another activity are usually enough for this dog. But, they are happy to be active with you, so they will likely be up for activity if you are. These dogs are powerful, athletic, and versatile. So, once puppies finish growing , you can try a wide variety of activities with them. You can try hiking, swimming, running, playing frisbee, training for dog sports, and more. If the other parent breed is also a high-energy dog breed, then you can expect your Doberman Mix to be a high-energy dog as well. Even if the other parent breed has a lower activity level, you will still need to be prepared for the potential of a high-energy dog. A fully-grown Doberman Pinscher is usually inches tall and weighs pounds. The other parent breed can affect this, so you want to ask the breeder about them and also pay attention to which breed is the mother. Although it is not a guarantee, you can also meet the mother dog in-person. This can give you some idea of what size to expect in a fully-grown Doberman Mix. A Doberman generally lives for years. The other parent breed may affect this slightly, but you can likely expect a similar life span in a Doberman Mix. Featured Doberman Mix Article. Black, white, gold, red, grey, blue and brown in a variety of combinations Temperament: Energetic, active, intelligent, gentle, loving, even-tempered Most Suitable For: Families with or without children, active couples and active single individuals What Does a Doberman Poodle Mix Look Like? Photo: Instagram The Doberman Poodle will closely resemble both of its two parent breeds. It will likely have the high stature of the Doberman, mixed with the fur of the Poodle. Its face and head will be wedge-shaped, like the Poodle and it may have short ears, like the Doberman. Its tail will typically be short, too. You can expect it to have a long body and long legs, like the Poodle. Are you looking for a way to treat your furry friend? Sign up for our newsletter for a chance to win a free month of Barkbox! Subscribe By subscribing, you agree to get emails from myk9life. We'll respect your privacy and you can unsubscribe any time. The History of the Doberman Poodle Mix Being a designer dog, very little is known about the history of the Doberman Poodle mix, though it is thought to be a fairly recently-created mixed breed dog and is thought to have been bred in the United States. Dobermann was a tax collector who needed a guardian dog to work with him while he went around and collected taxes from people. At the time, being a tax collector was a far more dangerous task. Last year, they were ranked as the 16th most popular dog in the country by the American Kennel Club. Given its large size and athleticism, the Doberman Pinscher is best kept as a companion pet by active households, as it has the energy to burn and loves the outdoors. The Doberman was the creation by the German tax collector, Louis Dobermann in the 19th century in Germany. Given that the Doberman is a relatively new dog breed, crossbreeding of the sort that produced the Doberdoodle is a relatively new thing, gaining popularity in the s and early s. Several other popular crossbreeds of the Doberman include:. What you get is an adorable puppy with wire to thick curly fur in a range of colours. The Doodleman or Doberman Poodle Mix are low-shedding mini-size guard dogs, making them one of the most popular poodle mix breeds in Australia. Let us study everything there is to know about this great hybrid dog! What is a Doodleman — Doberman Poodle Mix? They are also called Doodleman, Doberpoos, or Doberdoodles. To learn more about the Doodleman Pinscher, let us consider a few facts about the parent dog breeds. Dobermann Pinscher The Dobermann Pinscher breed is fairly new; it is not even years old and first originated in Germany. A tax collector named Herr Karl Louis Dobermann created the Dobermann Pinscher using several dog breeds, as he wanted a medium-sized guard dog that could keep his money safe! Dobermans are athletic intelligent dogs that are suited for a variety of jobs. Many Dobermans have even served in the military. Today, the breed is extensively used as a guard dog. Poodles became an official German breed in the s. They have ranked in the top ten highly desirable dog breeds in the world. Currently, they rank No. As popular as Poodles are as purebred dogs, they have also become immensely popular in the concept of designer dogs. Poodles are considered one of the best breeds to mix other dog breeds with. They have been chosen as Foundation Dogs for Doodle breeds for their intelligence, versatility, and hypoallergenic coats. They also have a longer lifespan compared to many other dog breeds. In the early s, the popularity of Doodle designer dogs skyrocketed. More and more potential dog parents wanted highly-trainable and intelligent dogs with low-shedding coats. This gave rise to mixed dog breeds like Labradoodles and Goldendoodles. One such Doodle cross is the Doodleman. It simply made sense for breeders to cross a large and loyal dog breed like the Doberman Pinscher with a smart and trainable dog breed like the Poodle. The Doodleman Pinscher is not recognised by any canine club in the world. However, some hybrid dog clubs are now emerging that are registering these hybrid dogs to keep a track of them. The Doodleman — Doberman Poodle Mix is a low-shedding and mini-size guard dog, making them a popular choice for families. We still cannot say for sure when the first Doodleman Pinscher came into this world. How Big Is a Doodleman Pinscher? Naturally, there is no standardisation in their height and weight. Your Doodleman puppy could weigh anywhere between lb. The same is the case with their coat colours. You could have a Doodleman in literally any colour you want. First-generation Doodleman dogs generally have one solid colouring and can have tan points phantom while others may have a mix of colours. The coat of your Doberdoodle will also depend on canine genetics. Some puppies might inherit a curly, water-tight coat of a Poodle while others could have the short coat of a Dobermann. Most Doodleman Pinschers are low-shedding. Most Doberman poodle mix puppies that are back-crossed to a Poodle will produce slightly more hypoallergenic and low-shedding offspring. This is due to the larger Poodle gene pool to choose from. As such, F1b Doodleman puppies Doodleman crossed with a Poodle that have a curly coat are more likely to be low-shedding like the Poodle. First-generation Doberdoodles tend to be low to medium shedding and have a wiry coat texture. Again, we have no set standards to compare and every Doodle is likely to have a unique disposition. In general, we can expect the same guardian dog tendencies that are seen in the Doberman Pinscher to appear in the Doberdoodle. These mixed dogs have inherently protective natures. They are courageous and bold. Doberman poodle mix puppies that are raised in loving, caring homes and are socialised or exposed to a variety of experiences tend to be bolder compared to puppies that are not. Well-bred Doodlemans have a stable temperament. Like their Poodle parent, they are likely to also be smart and easy to train. The Poodle genes also tone down some of the vicious aggression that Doberman Pinschers have a reputation for. Most Doodlemans could be aloof and wary of strangers. However, once they understand their owners are safe, they will warm up slightly. However, their protective nature will keep them guarded. This is the quality of a guardian dog breed. You just need to instruct your visitors to not display any intimidating body language toward your dog. This includes using their hands to pet your dog on its head or bending or lurching over it. New acquaintances need to allow your Doberdoodle to sniff them and not crowd their personal space in a threatening manner. Reputable Doberman poodle mix breeders produce puppies that are very protective of their families without showing unnecessary aggression. While this aspect of their personality has several benefits, it can sometimes become a liability. You cannot berate a dog who is performing its instinctive duty while it is growling menacingly at strangers who walk in unannounced. You cannot expect your Doodleman to know that your friends and relatives sometimes walk in without knocking! This is why your Doberdoodle will need positive training from puppyhood. Thankfully, most Doberdoodles learn quickly. Their smartness inherited from the Poodle breed is a major advantage. Doodlemans also have an independent streak. They have a mind of their own and like to use it. This is a valuable trait in police dogs and military dogs but in pets, it can be frustrating to owners. Formal life skills and obedience training is very important to curb this. Often, Doodlemans reserve this loyalty for one member of the family. That does not mean it neglects the other members — it just prefers to attach itself to the person who trains or feeds it. However, it will still make it its duty to watch over children. How Much Does a Doodleman Cost? In addition to the initial cost, you will also spend on feeding your Doodle a healthy diet, taking it to the vet for its vaccinations and routine exams, pet insurance, training, grooming etc. What to Feed a Doberman-Poodle Mix? You can also ask your breeder or vet for the right dog food recommendations. The food should contain meats as its first two ingredients. Many Doodleman owners feed a raw dog food diet to their poodle mixes. A healthy Doodleman — Doberman Poodle Mix will be a low-shedding and mini-size guard dog. Doberdoodles live on average for years and are generally healthy dogs. You can reduce the risk of these diseases in your Doodle by only buying it from a reputable breeder who conducts health screening tests on the parent dogs and only breeds the ones cleared of these genetic issues. The best poodle mix breeders use DNA testing to prevent health problems associated with breed-specific diseases and to ensure that their puppies are non-shedding and hypoallergenic. Doodleman — Doberman Poodle Mix puppies for sale and breeders The Doberdoodle is a rare designer dog breed in Australia and the Mini Doberman Poodle mix is even more so. Other popular Doberman crossbreeds include: Doberman cross labrador Doberman and goldendoodle mix Mini Doberman poodle mix Dobermann cross mini or toy poodle The Doberman poodle mix is particularly popular because of its loyal and protective temperament, low-shedding coat and slightly smaller size than a traditional Dobermann pinscher. Subscribe for poodle mix breed information, exclusive offers and access to our community of reputable breeders. Leave this field empty if you're human: Share this.

Temperament Upcoming Litters We are so excited about the litters we have coming up, and we think you will be too! We are forming our deposit and wait list for these litters now. Don't wait because these list fill up fast! Please click below to see what litters we have coming. As always, I'm only a call or text away, please don't hesitate to reach out with any questions. We can help with that!! We allow our families to share delivery cost, so this makes our reasonable delivery cost even more reasonable and within reach for families who may have struggled with the whole cost without having another family to share that cost with them. It allows us a break from the norm, a nice road trip and meeting our wonderful families in person! The maps above are some of the routes we had with our summer litters, as you can see, these are long trips, so if you think you may be too far, just check with us, we also offer flight nanny services when possible. This service is a bit pricier but is a good option for people who may actually be too far to drive, like our west coast families. Learn More Call or text me at Let us take some of the stress off of you and let us deliver or meet you halfway! Of course, you are always welcome to visit, but we know not all of our families have that option. Call or text me for a quote. This breed stole my heart when I was gifted my first Golden Retriever for my 18th birthday by my parents and my then boyfriend now husband of 12 years. It has been a long road but over the last sixteen years we have learned so much about ourselves and this wonderful breed. Our breeding program is now a family affair as I am a stay at home mother with three children; ages 9, 7 and 5 months, who want to help with the puppies as often as they can! We take time to genetically test our parent dogs for genetic conditions that could affect their breed. We do this so we can confidently offer healthy puppies to our families because we want you to love your new family for a very long time to come! We try to help make this happen by ensuring your puppy has been well socialized, your puppy has been raised in an environment that is clean and conducive with making potty training easier once your new puppy is home and we try to take some burden off by offering to meet halfway or deliver for a reasonable fee when needed. Sign Up For Updates Be the first to hear about new litters, availability, and helpful pet advice. Sign up. We are a small family hobby breeder of English Cream Golden Retrievers and we love our dogs like family. We have a small amount of litters per year, as we are very intent on furthering the English Cream Golden Retriever breed as a whole. Our dogs are raised in our home as members of our family and we live on 2 acres of land in Fairhope with plenty of room to roam. We feed our goldens retrievers nothing but the best, which we have found to be large breed Blue Buffalo dog and puppy food. Visit us on Facebook to see more pictures of our dogs. I have been passionate about Golden Retrievers ever since the first one I had. We named him Lucky because he survived a car accident the first night we had him. It turns out we were the lucky ones! He was the best furry member of our family. When he died of cancer, it took me 6 years to get another Golden. Raising Goldens is a passion of mine because it brings me such joy to promote this breed, and know that I am putting quality dogs out into our world. In the past I studied biology, so genetics have become an interest of mine. To assist bringing new life into the world is an incredible experience, especially as I get to watch the pups grown and change the lives of our clients. Seeing the joy on the faces of a family when they first meet their new Golden Retriever is always a special moment! All of our retrievers come with health clearances. They have seen specialists to ensure they have no genetic defects. They have also been evaluated for heart and eye issues. All of our retrievers come with a warranty. If you don't live near Fairhope, we are happy to meet you part of the way to bring your furry friend to you. We also ship our golden retrievers if you live further away. Shipping puppies is very common and is not harmful to the dogs. Shipping prices vary depending on the flight, crate, and required health clearances. All of our English Cream Golden Retrievers are ready to join their new families when they are 8 weeks old. Please feel free to contact us by phone or through the contact form below and we will be happy to answer any of your questions. Checkout Our Dogs page to see more specifics about each of our goldens. I became interested in raising golden retrievers and started investigating the English Cream variety of retrievers that I had not heard of before. They were added to the English standard in .After years of selective breeding, they were given the name English Cream Golden Retrievers, but really they are more known as light goldens. I also found out that the cancer rate of English Cream Golden Retrievers is only .I worked for a veterinarian years prior, so I am familiar with pet medical care. Alyson took me under her wing and taught me all about breeding goldens. Breeding has been a dream of mine and after a lot of research and learning it all came together. Reserve Your New Friend! So far we have had 2 litters of English Cream Golden Retrievers. The first was 12 puppies! Soon after, we had another litter on the way. Alyson guided me through my first litter, knowing that I would have my hands full with so many newborn pups. The second litter of 7 pups came along just 4 weeks later, which I have raised on my own with the help of my family. Our Current Litters page will give you more information on the puppies we have available. A Furever Friend English Cream Golden Retrievers are a wonderful and loving breed with a sweet natured puppy like disposition and a love of play. At about 4 weeks old, goldens begin to learn from the world around them. It is essential that these experiences be positive for at least the first 12 weeks of their life to ensure they gain confidence in themselves and new situations. Golden Retrievers are obedient and highly intelligent dogs who always seem to be smiling. While not guard dogs, goldens love everyone and are eager to please which makes them a great family pet. Their steady temperament also makes them good companions for other animals. English Cream Golden Retrievers are generally lighter in color and have a stockier build than the American variety. Their average lifespan is around 12 years, whereas the American variety is usually between 10 - 11 years. If you're looking for a furry friend to add to your family, you have found a well rounded breed that will surely be a loving companion for many years. Litter Inquiries Best way to reach us, call us! Feel free to contact Alissa by call or text during normal business hours. If there is no response, leave a message with your name, number, and purpose for calling! Fairhope, AL .A browned-eyed bundle of golden fluff will smother you with playful kisses and all the love in the world. As English Cream Golden Retriever breeders in Collinsville, AL, we commit ourselves to their wellbeing and to ensure they live their best possible life. Gilbert Farms carefully chooses each of our dogs to secure superior pedigrees with exceptional champion lines. We prioritize temperament, intelligence, and sound physical structure in each puppy we produce. Our English Golden Retrievers in Collinsville, AL, have completed and passed all of their hip, elbow, eye, heart, and genetic testing. They experience all the joys of the farm and getting to know the other animals that share their life. Health tested and temperament approved Our dogs are from champion pedigrees and are sols with AKC registration. We only breed our dogs based on their health clearances, and they must demonstrate outstanding temperaments. Our kennel takes great care in matching each dog with the right family. Ultimately the best home for each of our puppies is somewhere they will live out the rest of their lives well cared for and happy. We offer every new home a puppy health guarantee for 2 years. Each puppy will be vet checked, be current on vaccinations and come with their AKC registration papers. You will have hours to take your puppy to your own vet for a check-up. Call now to talk to us about our English Cream Golden Retrievers .Though we prefer the lighter colors, color is not the focus of our program. This page is about Summer Brook, our family, and our breeding program. In this page, we discuss our goals, how we got started, why we breed, how we breed, who our employees are, and what kinds of dogs we have. Most importantly, this page also provides links proving the quality of our dogs and the life our puppies and dogs have here at Summer Brook. Scroll below to read more about us and the details of our breeding program. Go to the Our Dogs page for links to each of our dogs. You can see a dozen or more pictures of each dog as well as temperament descriptions. Before a young English Golden Retriever is added to our very selective breeding program, he or she must meet several criteria. It is very important to us that we maintain our reputation for being quality English Cream Golden Retriever breeders. All of our breeding dogs must pass all health clearances and not just barely. Health is 1. Solid Temperaments The second important distinction about Summer Brook is that all of our breeding dogs have proof of solid temperaments. All of them have at a minimum a CGC title. This is the first step toward becoming certified as a therapy dog or a competitive obedience dog. Over half of our dogs have advanced obedience titles. You must come to our home to totally appreciate this. However, pictures and conformation titles can give you a good idea. These titles can be earned at one weekend of shows with even a mediocre dog. Our dogs have titles that mean so much more in both obedience and conformation. See our Dog Titles page to learn what the most common titles are and how they are earned. In Europe they are simply referred to as Golden Retrievers. I have heard many people refer to the imported Goldens as White Golden Retrievers. Though they are often a very light cream, they are never truly white. They range in color from the palest cream to a rich gold. As breeders of English Golden Retriever puppies, one of our goals is to improve this beautiful breed in the United States. It has taken many years to get to where we are today. The picture above is our family in with some of our first dogs. Two were retired before ever breeding a litter. One of them had only one litter. Our main goal as English Golden Retriever breeders is to produce English Golden Retriever puppies who are structurally sound, healthy, and with biddable trainable temperaments. Though we prefer the lighter cream color, color is only secondary. Our Family Pictured above is our family almost 10 years ago in front of our pond and home. The two older folks in the middle are Karen and Darrell. We have been married for almost 30 years. All of our kids are either in college or have graduated from college. The English Golden Retrievers in the picture have now all been retired and we now have seven dogs which you can see on the Our Dogs page. While we loved our first four English Goldens, we have been able to improve our lines over time. It has been a hard journey to get to where we are today. We strive to improve our program with each new puppy or dog that we raise. With time, we have been able to greatly improve our program. We are English Cream Golden Retriever breeders who do not settle for mediocrity. Where We and Our Goldens Live Our Home Our family lives on a private road in a community filled with gated areas, beautiful ponds and lakes, pastures, and woods. All of our neighbors have acres of land. Our English Golden Retrievers live and sleep in our home. We have 5 doggy doors going out of our home into five different fenced areas. Our front door gives access to a sixth. Someone is home with them nearly all the time. We are fortunate enough to have a home large enough for the dogs to have plenty of room. Our house has an open floor plan that enables us to see all of our dogs from one place. At the same time, we are still able to separate them individually or in groups when necessary. We have several baby gates that we open and close as needed. See the Our Home page for pictures and more information. How We Care for Our Dogs Unless it is rainy, our dogs have free access in and out of our home through doggy doors. We brush each dog regularly and bathe them about once a month. Because they have access to large outdoor areas, we rinse them off often. We do daily competitive obedience training with most of them and they all do short training sessions at meal times. The dogs rotate between the various areas in our home so that they all have quality time with us. We use primarily natural methods to prevent fleas and tics, and we feed our dogs high quality food. See the Our Home page and the Raising Puppies page for more information on where we live and how we raise our puppies. Litters whelped and raised in our home How and Why We Initially Started Breeding When we first started this venture, we were a home-schooling family with 3 children from years of age. Our home life was and still is very compatible with caring for dogs. My younger daughter, Elise, was also wanting a career with dogs. At 12, Elise was unsure what career with dogs she wanted, but both girls had a big passion for animals. We began breeding initially purely for the love of our daughters. We had no paid employees and Darrell husband and Daniel son helped minimally. But as time went on, Darrell and Daniel become involved and we added several paid employees. Darrell now handles most of the communications. Daniel has graduated from college and is working in Georgia as a civil engineer. We spent many weekends going to obedience trials and conformation shows. Jenna, Elise, and I spent a good percentage of our free time researching pedigrees and breeders in Europe. We loved it! The dogs were our hobby. Adding Employees However, in time our daughters moved on to other interests. They graduated from high school and went to college. Both girls moved from home. It was time for a change for both the girls as well as for Summer Brook. After home schooling for 17 years, I was excited about the prospect of throwing myself into working with the dogs myself. Without the responsibilities of homeschooling, I found myself with more time to invest in my hobby. By this time, my hobby had turned into more than a full time job. Emma along with Luke has worked for us for over 4 years. Our dogs and puppies LOVE here! In , we hired our first employee, 20 year old Anna. She worked with us for about a year and then went on to become a vet tech. Then we were blessed to meet Emma, a 14 year old neighbor that has worked for us after school and on Saturdays for over four years. She is now in about to graduate from high school and will be going to Mississippi State to pursue a career as a veterinarian. Katherine and Jessi, two other high schoolers joined our team in .They both home school and are able to work mornings. All three of these girls have had a big impact on Summer Brook Acres. They will all be graduating this year. Sadly, only Jessi will stay in town and continue working with us. Both of my daughters are now back home working with us again! In the early days of Summer Brook, my interest in breeding was purely for my daughters. However, as I got more involved with the dogs, I learned that I had a huge love and talent for dog training. That is where my passion lies, but I am involved to some degree in all aspects of Summer Brook Acres. This means that your dog is the highest scoring dog in the highest level at the trial. Because breeding and training our puppies is our priority, my training time with our adults in limited. Details of my training experience are on our Trained Puppies page. His primary role with Summer Brook is with communications. I Karen initially handled this role. However, after several years, handling the responsibilities with both the dogs and the people became too much. Darrell also works with our family real estate investment business. Jenna Our daughter, Jenna graduated from college in English, her second passion behind dogs. However, she never lost her love of animals. Her current interests in the dogs is in training instead of the medical aspect. Jenna is now combining her love of dogs and specifically dog training with her love of writing. Jenna designed our website as a high school project and has done a total redesign on it twice since the original design. She has written or edited much of the content on our site. Jenna has graciously agreed to make Summer Brook her priority when we have puppies over 6 weeks of age. We both are advocates for positive reinforcement training along with a controlled environment. You can read more about Jenna on her recently launched blog at www. Elise Our daughter, Elise has also just returned home and is now working again with us at Summer Brook. She primarily works with taking care of our adults and working with younger puppies. Elise is going to school part time getting some prerequisites in before applying for nursing school. She will continue working part time with us and live at home until she finishes school. She is a puppy magnet and we are so blessed to have her! The Early Days of Summer Brook Acres Before getting our first dogs, we spent hundreds maybe thousands of hours researching. We started off deciding on the breed. From there, we moved to researching breeders and individual dogs and pedigrees. We retired more than half of what we originally imported without ever breeding them. Breeders send their best dogs to those they have a relationship with. Most of these best breeders are leery of sending dogs to the U. For those of you considering a new breeder or breeders with adults without verified clearances, proceed with care. There are a lot of European breeders that are exporting entire litters of what Americans are calling English Cream Golden Retrievers. In Europe, many of the parents of these puppies are considered by Europeans less than mediocre and just plain old Golden Retrievers. These clearances can be obtained from vets on dogs less than a year old. This type clearance is useless. See our page on How to Find a Good Breeder for more information. Our experience is not unusual for good breeders. There are a lot of hoops to jump through in order to have really good breeding dogs. It is not as simple as calling or emailing a European breeder and asking for the best dog. The best breeders in Europe are very particular about where their dogs go. It takes time to develop relationships overseas. And it takes patience to build good lines with good looks, health, and temperaments. In addition to our English Golden Retrievers, over the past almost 20 years, our family has had one American Golden and 4 smaller dogs. These 5 dogs were family pets and never bred. Our family has had six horses, three birds, a rabbit, and three cats. Not all of them were at the same time! We loved them all. However, none of them quite captured all of our hearts like the Golden Retrievers. Though all our dogs are a light cream, we do not breed for color. We feel that the head is important but, it is not the entire package. There is so much more in producing a nice litter of puppies. We will only breed the best dogs that meet our very high standards. We have intensely studied the pedigrees of hundreds of dogs looking for those with generations of proven good conformation, good health, and a typical sweet Golden Retriever temperament. Most of our dogs have parents with not only titles earned because of their beauty, but titles proving their worth as working dogs also. While our dogs are beautiful, we believe that a good pet, first and foremost, needs to have a good temperament and be healthy. Our goal is to produce puppies that are physically, intellectually, and temperamentally as close to the FCI breed standard as possible, and then to do all we can to nurture and care for our puppies in such a way that they will have the best possible start in life to develop to their fullest potential. See our page on Why Choose Summer Brook for more information. People have flown or driven to us for puppies from almost every state in the country. Several have come to us from other west coast states including Oregon and Washington. Dozens have come to Summer Brook from Texas as well. Some Flying. Others driving. There are quite a few in Pennsylvania, New Jersey, and Maryland. One family drove miles from Nebraska, a second from Massachusetts, and a third drove from northern Maine which is about miles. Over a dozen have driven from Texas and states such as Oklahoma and Arkansas. We have puppies all over the south. We get tremendous satisfaction from matching puppies to families. We will only send our puppies home with families who have time to raise a puppy. Our puppies go to families who want more than just a dog. They want a companion. We are looking for just the right families for our puppies. At the same time, we are busy raising puppies to be suitable companions for families. It is the ultimate reward when we see happy families meet happy puppies! Pictures of Jenna and Elise To the right is Elise with Maria who unfortunately did not have good enough hips for breeding. To the left is Jenna pictured with our first two Dream Max dogs when they were puppies. Primary Sidebar Breeders and Trainers of English Golden Retrievers We focus on breeding and training beautiful English Golden Retriever puppies with health tested champion parents, great pedigrees, and fantastic temperaments.

We are a German Shepherd breeder that specializes in quality, intelligent dogs with proven superior genetics. We sell German Shepherd puppies that are the perfect choice for professionals and families. We focus on producing a stable, protective line of German Shepherds that you can trust with your children. Sweet tempered companions that will protect your family and property Our German Shepherds have incredible pedigrees and we carefully choose only the best genetics to constantly improve upon the German Shepherd bloodline. We have German Shepherd puppies for sale in Texas, but arrangements can be made to sell a puppy to any state within the 48 contiguous states. We are always happy to talk or visit with you and would love to show you our beautiful German Shepherds. Our German Shepherd Dogs can be used for search and rescue, tracking, guarding, guide dogs for the blind or physically disabled, police work, show and of course a family pet. Our dogs are well socialized with children and other pets. Our puppies are AKC Registered and come with a health guarantee. Our high quality puppies are excellent with children and very easy to train. We have carefully selected world class German Shepherds with proven superior genetics. Our puppies have the potential to become champions in the show ring and your family hero. The West German bloodlines are bred to have great personalities and superb temperaments. They go through extensive training and rigorous testing to earn their titles. The West German Shepherd bloodlines are not just tested on their beauty and showmanship, but also on their ability to perform difficult tasks that require a high level of intelligence, motivation and desire to please their master. As a German Shepherd Breeder, it is our desire to provide you with an exceptional puppy that can bring you the same joy that ours have brought to our family. Our German Shepherds are the perfect choice for personal protection and are great companions for all ages. Testimonials: "Hi. He blended right into our family and we don't remember life before him. His temperament and intelligence are above average. At the vet I heard the vet and techs in the back gushing over how behaved he was and they sent me home with extra goodies for him hehe. He's already house trained. I've already been able to teach him two commands "here" and "place". He's also the best snuggler and is sooo very patient and forgiving with my tornado of a two year old son. He is the best dog I've had in my entire life and love him to the moon. I can't wait until he's old enough to start going on adventures with us. Thank ya'll for a wonderful dog! We get soooo much attention with her! We've had people literally pull off the road just to comment on her! Lots of people asking if we are going to breed her! We are meeting with someone on Friday to evaluate her for protection training. She's my girl and she knows her job well! Btw, people always ask me where I got her.I tell them all about you guys! Here are pictures of Liberty sunbathing with her sister, Queen Bitsy! She loves her boy! Our dogs are hand picked from top German breeders and are from world class West German bloodlines. We are conveniently located 40 miles from Ft. Worth and approximately one hour from Dallas TX. We are proud of our Kaiser facility and all of our outstanding dogs. Each of them is a special part of our family. It takes a great deal of experience, education, and knowledge about the breed to successfully produce world class German Shepherds. My husband Paul and I work together to ensure the highest breed standards are met. Our goal is to continue to not only meet those standards but to improve the breed. They are hand picked from top German breeders and are imported. They are from top West German bloodlines. Selective breeding program to produce superior offspring. We produce a limited number of litters each year in order to personally assure the very best care possible. Healthy puppies and adult dogs is a top priority to us. Our adult dogs have been DNA tested for degenerative myelopathy. Their hips and elbows have been certified as normal. We do a great amount of education with our new puppy owners regarding GSD growth and development, health maintenance, the importance of ongoing socialization and many other important topics about the GSD breed. We make it a practice to stay in touch with our puppy owners for ongoing education and support. We love to see our pups grow into amazing adult dogs as part of a loving family home! We also have a professional trainer available. She has worked with many of our puppies and their new families with outstanding results. She is warm, patient and loves what she does. She is careful and has a loving touch for her puppies; each one captures her heart. She has been extremely helpful to us when we have not been certain about next steps for our pup. Kaiser is not a puppy factory, but a caring, loving, thoughtful, and well read about the German Shepherd breed. So grateful for Terri and Kaiser pups!

They represent a fascinating gene pool. AKC allows many colors. The French also come in rare colors such as blue, lilac and Isabella. However, the main topic is their eyes, it is really amazing how specific this breed is, especially when it comes to eye color. So let's find out more about the famous blue eyes of French bulldogs. Lately, we could notice there is growing popularity of buying rare colored French bulldogs. Besides, they have unique colors of fur, they also have blue eyes. Blue eyes French bulldogs are rare, but not impossible to find due to the genes that are present in them. The presence of S-locus and M-locus gene gives rise to a wide variety of eye colors in blue French bulldogs. In most cases, it will not, unfortunately, although everyone would like it. However, an exception may occur. The exceptions to the rule are blue Frenchies which can keep the blue and green eye tones into adulthood. As they go through a gradual growth process over the next few weeks, you may see different shades in your puppy's eyes; shades of blue, green-gray to brown, which is their standard eye color. But don't be upset because it is natural and common at this tender age of 10 weeks. The standard brown eye color will soon materialize, without you having to worry about it at all. It is not uncommon for them to have light pink skin around their eyes and mouth. Our advice is to protect them with some sunscreen. Corneal dystrophy can also be one of the problems, which can be hereditary. Therefore, the French Bulldog would have vision problems, you will notice a change in color to a dull blue look. Nuclear sclerosis, occurs mostly in dogs over 5 years of age. It may not be painful for your dog, but it can lead to a change in his vision. Our advice is to contact a veterinarian immediately. Also the French Bulldog may have problems with Heterochromia. There are two types of heterochromia- congenital and acquired. As we have already said, our advice is to contact your veterinarian immediately, so that your dog can get the right treatment and get rid of some of the problems if possible, because usually, veterinarians do not want to "touch" if it is not painful for the dog, which is the case in most cases. About Grey French Bulldog: setting the facts straight Breed standard French Bulldogs are white, cream, fawn, or a combination of these colors. Colors other than these are classed as anomalous, including the blue French Bulldog more commonly referred to as grey or gray. The grey French Bulldog is a standard French Bulldog with a non-standard coat color. Grey fur is simply a diluted version of black and occurs when a French Bulldog inherits a dilution gene from each of its parents. Grey coats are linked to certain health conditions that tend to be misunderstood. CDA is a recessive genetic condition associated with Frenchies who have two copies of the recessive dilution gene which causes their grey coats. It can be managed with prescribed products from your vets such as shampoo and skin lotion. Grey French Bulldogs can also develop any health conditions that other color Frenchies are prone to, including: Allergies. These are often skin allergies and can be triggered by food or environmental factors Brachycephalic-related problems. Dogs with short muzzles often suffer from these problems which include breathing difficulties. Cherry Eye. This is related to the third eyelid that can move out of position. Cleft Palate. This is usually genetic and manifests as a problem with the opening in the roof of the mouth. This is a genetic condition and is more common in the white French Bulldog. Degenerative Myelopathy. This is a serious problem that affects the spine and tends to affect older dogs. A genetic problem related to the eyelid, affecting how it grows. Another hereditary problem affecting the eyelids. Heat Exhaustion. The French Bulldog cannot regulate its temperature easily which can lead to serious health problems if not addressed quickly. This causes deformity of the spine and is present at birth. Hip Dysplasia. A hip condition that causes mobility problems and can require surgery. Patellar Luxation. This is a painful condition where the kneecap dislocates or develops in an abnormal position. Stenotic Nares. This is a narrowing of the nostrils. Tracheal Collapse. A respiratory disease related to the windpipe. A bleeding disorder, similar to Hemophilia. Do grey French Bulldogs shed? All dogs shed, even the short-haired French Bulldog and because grey Frenchies develop CDA, they can lose more hair than other colors. Regular grooming removes loose hair that would otherwise be lost around your home. Correct treatment of CDA can also help to prevent excess shedding. What makes a French Bulldog grey or gray or blue? In order for a French Bulldog to have a grey coat, it must carry two copies of a recessive gene known as the dilution gene. This gene is termed recessive because its effects are only visible when a puppy inherits two copies: one from its mother and one from its father. Grey coloring is, in effect, a dilute version of black and is sometimes referred to as blue because it has a bluish tint in certain lights. There are many different shades of grey Frenchie, ranging from very pale to dark slate. There are also several patterns that include a blue color. The color ranges from light silvery grey to almost black slate grey. This Frenchie coat has no other markings at all and the dog usually has matching blue or grey eyes. A Blue Brindle French Bulldog has blue or grey fur with brindle striping. This pattern is sometimes referred to as tiger-striped. In blue Frenchies, these darker brindle patterns often only become apparent once puppies reach 4 weeks of age. You will see a blue pied Frenchie with a slightly lower percentage of white background at times. Blue Fawn A French Bulldog with mostly fawn fur and a mask of blue fur around its muzzle, eyes, and ears is referred to as Blue Fawn. Blue Fawn French Bulldogs are very sought after and difficult to come by because they are relatively rare. It is rare because merle dogs are difficult to breed. This pretty Frenchie has what is known as a merle gene which removes pigment from random patches of their blue coats. The result is a random patched pattern of white fur among what otherwise would have been a solid blue coat color. Are Blue French Bulldogs rare? A French Bulldog only develops a blue or grey coat if it inherits two copies of the rare dilution gene. Of the five blue coat patterns, the rarest is the blue merle. Dog coat genetics are complex and it takes a lot of selective breeding to attempt to breed-specific colors and still the outcome cannot be guaranteed. Reputable breeders concentrate on producing healthy Frenchies as opposed to specific colors, so coats such as blue or grey will always remain rarer than others. What is a grey French Bulldog called? Blue is simply the official name given to grey-colored fur. Grey is not a breed standard French Bulldog color but when this color does occur as a solid coat or within a coat pattern it is officially referred to as blue. This is the same for grey in any other dog breed. A certain shade of grey does have a blue tint, but many are much paler with more of a silver appearance. How much is a grey French Bulldog? It is difficult to predict an exact price for a French Bulldog because it depends on variables such as availability, color, bloodlines, and demand. Why are grey French bulldogs so expensive? French Bulldogs are not straightforward to breed and this makes them expensive to produce. The fact that grey Frenchies are rare and in high demand means French Bulldog breeders can charge more for them. People whose hearts are set on owning a blue Frenchie are willing to pay extra and so breeders are able to command high prices. If a grey French Bulldog has blue eyes it is often one of the most expensive. Such a Frenchie usually has a blue merle coat which is one of the rarest to find. Do grey French Bulldogs have blue eyes? When they are born, grey French Bulldogs always have blue eyes. This is actually an optical illusion caused by the absence of melanin the color pigment at birth. Though their eyes look blue, they really have no color. Many French Bulldogs develop brown eyes but some of those with grey coats may have pale blue or green eyes. In this breed, the dogs most likely to have bright blue eyes are Blue Merle Frenchies and this is related to their specific genetics. Other useful Grey French Bulldog facts Lifespan The life expectancy of a grey French bulldog is 10 to 12 years, the same as any other color. However, Frenchie owners need to look out keep a close watch for health problems. Annual vaccinations and health checks are essential as is a healthy diet and the right level of exercise. Air travel is not recommended for dogs with short muzzles because of associated breathing difficulties. Also, grey Frenchies and any other color cannot swim for very long because of their large head and short muzzle, so should be kept away from water or always wear a doggie life jacket. Size Like other colors, grey French Bulldogs can weigh up to 28 lbs and reach a height of 11 to 13 inches. Frenchies can become overweight quite easily so ensure you feed one the right amount to prevent it from developing weight-related illnesses such as diabetes and heart disease. Characteristics A grey French Bulldog has a square head, a short muzzle, wrinkly face, and trademark bat ears. Its body is compact and muscular. In general, Frenchies have smooth, short coats that are easy to care for and require minimum grooming. Their coats tend to have thinned or bald patches and can appear quite dull and mangy. Their skin may also have dry flaky patches. Because of its short muzzle, this breed tends to be a mouth breather and consequently drools more than the average dog! Frenchies can also be a bit smelly but there are ways to manage this. Temperament A grey French bulldog possesses the same gentle, friendly temperament as those with other coat colors. They are great dogs to have around children because of their playful , outgoing natures. Being a sociable breed, the Frenchie prefers someone to be around most of the time and does not like to be left alone. Some find Frenchies quite stubborn and wilful but if one chooses not to go where you want, you can simply pick it up and carry it! Ideal for A grey Frenchie can fit into many lifestyles. Approved colors are:. Two copies of the dilution gene, a recessive gene, are required for a French Bulldog to have a grey coat. Because a puppy can only inherit two copies of this gene—one from its mother and one from its father—it is known as a recessive gene. Since it has a bluish tint in some lights, grey coloring is actually just a watered-down version of black. Grey Frenchie comes in a wide variety of tones, from extremely light to dark slate. There are numerous other patterns that feature the color blue. From pale silvery grey to almost black slate grey, the tint is varied. The dog typically has matching blue or gray eyes and this Frenchie coat is completely devoid of any other markings. One Blue Brindle French Bulldogs have fur that is blue, grey, or brindle-striped. Tiger-striped is another name for this design. The tongue of a Blue Brindle French Bulldog sitting on grass. You may occasionally see a blue pied Frenchie with a background that is significantly less white. Indigo Fawn Blue Fawn describes a French Bulldog with primarily fawn fur with a blue mask of fur around its muzzle, eyes, and ears. Due to their relative rarity, Blue Fawn French Bulldogs are in high demand and difficult to locate. Because merle dogs are challenging to breed, it is uncommon. This adorable Frenchie carries a gene known as merle, which causes random patches of their blue coats to lose pigment. The end effect is a complete blue coat that has patches of white fur scattered randomly across it. The eyes, nose, and paw pads of a French Bulldog are likewise impacted by the merle gene. Blue French Bulldogs—are they uncommon? Only when a French Bulldog inherits two copies of the uncommon dilution gene will it grow a blue or grey coat. The blue merle is the most uncommon of the five blue coat patterns. Given the complexity of dog coat genetics, attempting to produce breed-specific colors requires extensive selective breeding, and even then, results cannot be assured. Frenchies with blue or grey coats will always be more uncommon than those with other hues since reputable breeders prioritize creating healthy Frenchies over specific colors. What is the name of a Grey French Bulldog? Blue French Bulldogs are the official name for grey French bulldogs. Grey-colored fur is simply referred to as blue in official documents. Grey is not a breed standard color for French Bulldogs, but when it does appear as a solid coat or as part of a coat pattern, it is formally known as blue. While many greys are much paler and appear more silver in appearance, some do have a blue tint. A Grey French Bulldog costs how much? Why do gray French bulldogs cost so much? French Bulldogs are expensive to create since they are difficult to breed. French Bulldog breeders can charge more for grey Frenchies because they are rare and in high demand. Because those who have their hearts set on owning a blue Frenchie are willing to pay more, breeders can charge high prices. A grey French Bulldog with blue eyes is frequently one of the priciest breeds. Typically, such Frenchies have a blue merle coat, which is among the hardest to find. Blue eyes on grey French Bulldogs? Grey French Bulldog puppies always have blue eyes from birth. Due to the lack of melanin the color pigment after birth, this is actually an optical illusion. Despite appearing blue, their eyes are actually colorless. Although many French Bulldogs grow brown eyes, some can have light blue or green eyes if they have grey coats. Due to their unique genetic makeup, Blue Merle Frenchies are the breed members who are most likely to have bright blue eyes. Additional relevant information regarding Grey French Bulldogs Lifespan Grey French bulldogs have the same to year lifespan as other colors. Owners of Frenchies must, however, keep a keen eye out for any health issues. A healthy diet and the appropriate amount of exercise are equally as important as yearly immunizations and health exams. The huge head and short nose of grey Frenchies or any other color make it difficult for them to swim for very long, thus they should never be in the water without a dog life jacket. Size Grey French Bulldogs, like those of other colors, can grow to be 11 to 13 inches tall and weigh up to 28 lbs. Make sure you feed Frenchies the proper quantity to prevent them from becoming overweight, which can lead to diseases like diabetes and heart disease. Characteristics A grey French Bulldog has the typical bat ears, a square skull, a short nose, and wrinkles on the face. It has a compact, muscular body. Frenchies often have short, sleek coats that are easy to maintain and require little upkeep. Their coats can look rather dull and mangy and frequently have bald or thinning spots. They may also have dry, flaky areas on their skin. This breed prefers to mouth breathe due to its short muzzle, which causes it to drool more than the typical dog. There are ways to deal with the smelliness that Frenchies sometimes have. Temperament French bulldogs with grey coats have the same calm, amiable disposition as those with other coat colors. Due to their playful and sociable natures, they make excellent family dogs. Being a sociable breed, the Frenchie does not like to be left alone and prefers to have someone around most of the time. Although some people consider Frenchies to be quite obstinate and wilful, you can easily pick one up and carry it if it refuses to go where you want! Perfect for You? A grey French bulldog may adapt to various lifestyles. It is sturdy enough to put up with rowdy kids and gentle enough to put up with an elderly owner. Living in an apartment with a French bulldog is OK as long as you have access to a secure outdoor area or can take it for a few quick walks each day. The most distinguishing characteristics of this breed are its bat-like ears and mushed-up cheeks. Aside from that, they have scraggy and small tails that have not been docked. There are similarities between these dogs and pugs in that they have a stocky and strong compact physique, and their noses are flattened like pugs. Certain Blue French Bulldogs may have big blue rounded eyes to enhance their appearance. The eyes might also be brown, and the nostrils can be black. The wrinkled skin and faces of these canines are one of their most distinguishing characteristics. They are kind, and they flourish when their owner showers their affection and care. Even though they might be clinging, these dogs are highly playful, loving, and devoted to their owners and other family members. They are energetic, active, and alert puppies who like fetching a ball. You may rest assured that they do not require hours of physical activity to be successful. Because of their flat faces, they will be content with a simple walk around the block. All they want is to be with you at all times. You should provide them with an outlet for their energy. If they are not stimulated, they may become extremely destructive — exercise and simple dog activities such as fetch are the most effective options. Tug-of-war is a favorite pastime for Gray Blue Frenchie. They are descended from the English Bulldog, and as a result, they have a natural tendency to wrestle. The Gray Blue Frenchie is an extremely friendly pup who should not be kept alone for an extended time. When kept alone for an extended time, they might become destructive and may experience separation anxiety symptoms. Instructions on how to care for a Gray French Bulldog: These dogs are quite easy to handle and do not require a great deal of grooming. All that is required is to brush their coats once a month with a rubber glove and bathe them every three months. It not only helps to maintain the coat healthy, but it also aids in the development of a stronger relationship between you and your dog. When bathing your dog, use a puppy shampoo to help prevent diseases such as eczema from developing. When bathing gray a Blue French Bulldog, always use pH-neutral items to ensure that the dog is not damaged. You should also pay close attention to their wrinkled cheeks and clean them with wipes suitable for dogs to remove germs and food stains. Keeping their eyes and ears clean is essential to keeping them healthy and happy. Instead, they like to be petted and encouraged. This dog is unable to swim mostly due to its body structure; therefore, if you have a pool nearby, you should keep a watch on them. In addition to having bat-like ears, some of these canines also had rose-shaped ears, which was the original form of their ears in the beginning. They are chatty dogs that may whine and cry if they do not get what they want. These pups are known for farting and will fart a lot, especially if they are not fed properly. Breed guidelines state that this dog should never weigh more than 28 pounds at any given time. The rules are carefully adhered to, especially during dog exhibitions. Are Gray French Bulldogs a good choice for a family dog? Yes, Gray French Bulldogs are excellent family pets since they are kind and like sharing their affection and having a wonderful time. They are also quite flexible, but they are particularly well suited for apartment residents. Children will enjoy the company of the Blue French Bulldog, but it is important to ensure that they are taught how to manage the dog at all times properly. Because of their large size, these dogs are at risk of being injured during play, and you should take every precaution to guarantee that they are dealt with with the highest care. If they have not been properly socialized, they may become aggressive toward other animals, despite their apparent enjoyment of the companionship of other animals. Gray Blue French bulldog Exercise Requirement It is recommended that you take your gray French Bulldog for regular walks of 20 to 30 minutes in length. Ensure it is not too hot outside while taking them for these outings because they do not perform well in the heat. The optimum times to go for a stroll are in the early morning and late at night. You should try everything in your power to avoid heading for swims with this gray Blue Frenchie since it is potentially bad for him. Are Gray French Bulldogs lazy? The Frenchie, in contrast to other varieties of Gray bulldog, is a breed that is not especially energetic. It is not necessary to be physically active to live a happy or healthy. In addition, they are not inclined to become obese or overweight as a result of overindulging in food, and they prefer to lounge around the house sleeping or resting on the laps of their family and friends. With nothing but taking them for brief walks throughout the day and allowing them to use the bathroom facilities in the yard on their own, you can ensure that your gray-blue French Bulldog is completely happy and healthy. Gray blue French bulldogs are not terrific swimmers, and neither are their owners. However, some dogs are excellent swimmers and enjoy spending time in the water, whether in a pool, the ocean, or a lake grey blue French bulldogs are not good in or around water. Some feel that their small legs make swimming difficult for them, which is usually an issue for dogs who spend significant time in the water. Whenever this dog is anywhere near water, whether it is at the pool or on a boat, it is required to wear a life jacket at all times. Unless you live near a body of water, you can anticipate your dog to spend little time near it — they will have little desire to go near water. Ears should be cleaned regularly to avoid the accumulation of wax and dirt. Remove any debris accumulated between the paw pads, and maintain the nails short by trimming them if they go too long. In addition to helping keep the dog from smelling unpleasant, it will also assist in avoiding illnesses that are produced by the secretions present in those glands. Keep all of the items that this dog uses clean and inspect them for ticks and fleas regularly. How to train your Gray Blue French bulldog? Even though these dogs are entertaining and lively to be around, they are not the most clever. They can also have a stubborn tendency, which makes them difficult to teach. You should be extremely brief and clear in your training orders, and you should be patient and consistent in your delivery of them. If you teach them new skills and orders properly, using incentives and positive reinforcement, they will quickly master them. Prepare a workout program that takes 3 to 5 minutes to complete, to begin with. Given that this dog is highly food-oriented, high-quality treats are the greatest rewards for him to get during training sessions. Take the time to learn what treats and toys he enjoys and utilize them as prizes throughout training sessions. These meals should be strong in protein, with the majority of the protein coming from meat. Furthermore, you should avoid diets high in grains since this might irritate their sensitive stomachs, and instead opt for a well-balanced diet that includes plenty of fruits and vegetables. You should give your brachycephalic dog high-quality dry food if you decide to do so. Brachycephalic dogs require special nutrition, so look for kibble that is specifically made for them. These dogs are not very active; therefore, they do not require a large amount of food. You should also keep an eye on their eating habits to ensure that they are not overfed. Their combined weight should not be more than 28 pounds. Gray Blue French bulldog needs a lot of care and attention: This gray-blue French Bulldog is similar to the standard French Bulldog in that it is a highly needy dog that requires your full attention at all times. This dog does not want to be neglected , left alone, or excluded from any activity or situation. This puppy is in desperate need of affection, and it wants it now. Should it not receive enough care, the grey-blue French Bulldog will begin to cry. If it believes that its wants are not satisfied, it will begin to protest. They are canines who demand more care than a newborn infant and having children while having a French bulldog in the house is not always easy. Make sure you have the time and energy to devote to ensuring that your new dog is healthy, happy, and free of problems if you contemplate getting one of these breeds. Gray Blue French Bulldog Health Issues: No dog breed is completely devoid of health issue concerns, but finding a trustworthy breeder who is not only interested in making money might help lessen some of the dangers. They Are Prone to various Allergies. These pups can also be at high risk for dilution alopecia, which is characterized by hair loss and self-destruction of the follicles in the skin. They are also prone to allergies and might develop skin conditions such as eczema as a result. Final Words on Gray Blue French Bulldogs The Gray Blue French Bulldog is an excellent choice for a family dog, and we hope this blog post has provided you with further information on this breed. If you decide to adopt one of these adorable dogs, be sure that they are a good fit for your lifestyle before committing. Dino Man Dino is a passionate French Bulldog lover and owner who has dedicated himself to learning everything there is to know about these charming and charismatic canines. If the default eye color for most dogs is brown, why do French Bulldogs get blue eyes? However, genetics is the number one cause of blue-eyed French Bulldogs. If a Frenchie has a long history of blue eyes, they are likely to develop blue eyes. Here are the three main reasons Frenchies are likely to get blue eyes. This gene is responsible for random pigment dilution lightening of the nose, eyes, and fur. French Bulldogs without this genetic mutation are more likely to develop brown eyes. Melanin Levels Melanin levels can influence the eye color of French Bulldogs. Generally, dogs with higher melanin levels in their iris tend to have brown eyes. Conversely, a lower concentration of melanin results in lighter eye colors in dogs. Genetically, blue eyes in dogs do not mean more health issues. It is possible to have a perfectly healthy blue-eyed Frenchie. However, it is important to note that blue-eyed Frenchies may have an increased likelihood of significant health risks compared to brown-eyed Pit Bulls. Deafness Deafness, or hearing loss, is common in French Bulldogs with blue eyes. This health issue is present in certain dog breeds that carry the Merle and Piebald genes. Congenital deafness is linked to the merle gene, while the Piebald gene is responsible for spotted or multicolored coats on dogs. So, if your French Bulldog pup has blue eyes due to the merle gene or has a spotted color coat piebald gene , he may be at a higher risk of hearing loss. Affected Frenchies are at greater risk of injury, for instance, in road traffic accidents. You can rule out congenital deafness by conducting a BAER test in Frenchie puppies as young as six weeks old. Additionally, consider acquiring a collar specifically designed for deaf dogs and ensure your dog has an identification tag to promote awareness and safety for everyone in their vicinity. Blindness French Bulldogs with blue eyes may potentially develop vision defects. The presence of blue eyes in Pit Bulls can indicate that your pet carries the Merle gene, which is a dominant gene. However, it is essential to note that not all blue-eyed French Bulldogs will inevitably become blind. The likelihood of eye defects such as blindness is higher if both parents carry the Merle gene and pass it on to their offspring. This test can help identify whether your Frenchie carries the gene s for blue eyes, other genetic disorders, or complications. Given the susceptibility of eye problems in Frenchies, supplementing their diet with eye dog supplements like Zesty Paws eye supplement and using dog eye drops to provide long-lasting corneal protection and hydration can be beneficial. Lastly, French Bulldogs are prone to thickening and hardening skin on the nose, also known as nasal hyperkeratosis. Using a dog nose butter can bring relief or prevent it. Because Frenchies are susceptible to many health issues, we advise looking into pet insurance for French Bulldogs. While brown eyes in dogs derive their color from melanin, dogs with blue eyes have colorless irises that lack any pigment. The coloration of blue eyes is achieved through a similar mechanism as the blue color of water and the sky. This occurs because all the light entering the eyes of a French Bulldog is scattered back into the atmosphere, creating the optical illusion of a blue appearance. The mutation of the ALX4 gene in dogs with blue eyes seems to decrease pigment production in the eye. The lack of pigment causes the eye to appear blue. In general, the French Bulldog resembles a Bulldog in miniature, with a stocky and muscular appearance. Frenchies look active and intelligent, with a smooth coat and medium or small body structure. Males can grow between 11 to 13 inches tall and weigh 20 to 28 pounds. Female Frenchies have about the same measurements. A large and square head, with heavy wrinkles rolled above the extremely short nose, are common physical traits among French Bulldogs. They seem alert, curious, and interested at all times. Eye Color Characteristics According to the United Kennel Club breed standard for French Bulldogs, eyes in Frenchies should be dark in color, wide apart, set low down in the skull, as far from the ears as possible, round in form, moderate size, neither sunken nor bulging. In lighter-colored dogs, lighter-colored eyes are acceptable. No haw and no white of the eye showing when looking forward. Anything outside this description, including blue eyes, is considered a serious fault and not a standard. On the other hand, solid coat colors are determined by the levels of melanin. This alteration prevents the cells from producing a full-strength black pigment, resulting in various coat color shades ranging from gray, brown, tan, and everything in between. Blue-eyed French Bulldogs with brown, black, grey, and silver coat colors are probably the most difficult and rarest of all blue-eyed Frenchies. Because the melanin levels are full-on black or closer to the black pigmentation. Also, the Merle gene is less likely to be present among these color coats. Their brown eyes are due to high levels of melanin and the possible absence of the merle gene. These colors range from dark brown to light hazel, which may look greenish. You may find Frenchies with darker blue eyes, while others may have lighter blue eye coloration. The main reason for blue eyes in Frenchies can be found in M-locus and S-locus genes. Their dark eyes are due to high levels of melanin. A post shared by Zootopia Pet Sitter zootopia. As they grow, melanin increases, typically darkening their eyes. Some genetically retain blue eyes.

Is the Lhasapoodle the right dog for you? These old breeds have passed down many positive qualities to the Lhasa Apso Poodle mix. The Lhasapoodle gets its natural protectiveness and sharp bark from the Lhasa Apso. The Lhasa Apso has been bred to serve as interior guard dogs at Tibetan monasteries, using its keen hearing to detect the presence of intruders and warning monks using barks. This Lhasa Apso Poodle mix is using its bark for different reasons, though: The Poodle, on the other hand, gives the Lhasapoo its intelligence and playfulness. Whether Standard , Miniature, or Toy, Poodles are well-known for their love of playing games, especially with young children. Like Poodles, the Lhasa Apso and Poodle hybrid dislikes being left out of family activities. How big do Lhasa Poo dogs get? As mentioned above a full-grown Lhasa Poo is only 9 to 13 inches 22 to 33 cm tall and weighs anywhere from 10 to 15 pounds 4 to 9 kg. These puppies are most likely bred from smaller versions of the Poodle, namely Mini Poodles and Toy Poodles. Does it look more like a Lhasa Apso or a Poodle? This hybrid dog has a sturdy body like the Poodle, with a small round head, almond-shaped eyes, short legs, and floppy ears. Most Lhaso Poodles have a soft coat of wavy or curly hair. The hair comes in black, brown, tan, white, or a mixture of these colors. What is the temperament of a Lhasa Poo? This crossbreed is sweet and loving, with a tendency to form close bonds with one person. The Lhasa Apso Poodle hybrid has a playful, friendly nature, so it gets along well with kids and other pets. Given its Lhasa Apso heritage, this crossbreed can also be suspicious of strangers. It will be protective of you and your family, barking to warn you of potential threats. Its vigilant nature makes the Lhasa Apso and Poodle mix an excellent watchdog. It may even bark at guests in your home or at strangers it encounters on the street. Fortunately, you can train your Lhasapoo and control its barking. How do I train a Lhasa Poo? Lhasapoos are intelligent and eager to please, thanks to their Poodle parentage. These crossbreeds are easy to train, quickly picking up commands and non-verbal cues from their owners. These hybrids can be willful, especially if their temperament leans more towards their Lhasa Apso parent. The Lhasapoodle also benefits from early socialization, which ensures that the crossbreed can get along with other dogs and behave properly around people. Is the Lhasa Apso Poodle mix an active dog? This hybrid will enjoy brisk walks around the neighborhood or just some one-on-one playtime indoors. Lhasa Poos also love to swim, like their Poodle parents. Hide and seek and treasure hunts are great indoor games that you can play with your Lhasapoo. Chew toys will also help your dog work off its energy. This crossbreed is athletic enough to participate in dog sports like obedience, agility, and rally. These activities are a good way to physically and mentally stimulate your dog to keep it happy. Lhasa Poo care: how difficult is it? Make sure to divide this amount of food into at least two meals to keep your dog at a healthy weight. How to groom a Lhasa Poo This is where you need to put in the effort. Lhasapoodles need to be brushed every 2 to 3 days to prevent mats and tangles from forming in their fur. Due to the length of its coat, this crossbreed needs to be bathed more often compared to other breeds. You can take your furry little pal to a professional groomer or do the trimming yourself with a pair of clippers. Give your Lhasa Poo a puppy cut and clip its hair to an inch or two all over its body. A puppy cut makes it easier for you to brush your Lhasapoodle and keeps shedding under control. Are Lhasa Poo hypoallergenic? Most Lhasa Apso Poodle mixes are considered hypoallergenic because these dogs shed less fur compared to other breeds. This crossbreed may also inherit the low-shedding qualities of the Poodle. The Lhasapoodle is a great dog to consider if you or a family member suffers from allergies to dander. What health issues do Lhasa Poos suffer from? Health issues commonly seen in Lhasapoodles include eye problems, patellar luxation, hip dysplasia, and kidney problems. However, with early health screening, regular visits to the vet, and a proper diet, as mentioned in the first paragraph the Lhasa Poo has a life expectancy of 10 to 15 years. How much does a Lhasa Poo cost? Like other designer dogs, the Lhasa Apso Poodle crossbreed tends to be on the expensive side. You can check out these marketplaces if you want to buy Lhasa Poo puppies:. Lhasapoo Highlights Lhasapoos are mixed breed dogs. They are not purebreds like their Lhasa Apso or Poodle parents. Lhasapoos come in a very wide variety of colors, including brown black, white, grey, apricot, and cream. Sometimes their coats may be solid, but more often than not, they have a mix of these colors. Their coats will require daily brushing to prevent the hair from becoming matted. Because the Lhasapoo is a small dog, they can easily be injured by small children during playtime. Lhasapoos would prefer to be around older children or children that are shown how to properly handle a dog and play gently. Lhasapoos can get along with other animals if introduced at a very young age, and in a slow and gradual manner, but they may prefer to be the only pet in the household. Lhasapoos are protective and eager to please. They tend to inherit a bit of yappiness and may bark at strangers. Food rewards and positive reinforcement go a long way in training these dogs. Lhasapoos have moderate energy levels. Make sure your dog gets at least one-hour long walk per day with a few games of fetch or a trip to the dog park, as well. Lhasapoo History The Lhasapoo dog breed may have existed naturally over the years, but designer dog breeders started intentionally mixing Lhasa Apsos and Poodles about ten to 20 years ago, likely in North America. Breeders wanted to mix the two parent breeds to minimize the breathing problems due to the short snout of the Lhasa Apso, and to create a breed that is perfect for those suffering from allergies by adding the coat of the Poodle. They continued to create Lhasapoos as the demand for these adorable pups climbed. Even though the Lhasapoo got their start as a designer breed, some have ended up in shelters or in the care of rescue groups. Consider adoption if you decide this is the right breed for you. Check your local shelters, look up Lhasapoo rescues, or check with breed specific Poodle or Lhasa Apso rescues, as they sometimes take in mixed breed dogs and find homes for them. Lhasapoo Size As the Lhasapoo is still a relatively new mixed breed, there are few standards when it comes to size. That said, as a cross between Lhasa Apso and Poodle parents, you can expect Lhasapoos to be on the small side. The Lhasapoo is most often a mix with a Miniature Poodle parent , but if the Lhasa Apso is mixed with a Toy Poodle, the pups may be even smaller. Most weigh in at ten to 15 pounds and range in height from nine to 13 inches at the shoulder. That said, many can be smaller or larger, and males can tend to be larger in size than females. Lhasa Apsos were historically used as guard dogs, so these pups tend to inherit a bit of that yappiness while performing their duty as your protector. While they enjoy their time laying on the couch, they also ares very agile little dogs who love to run and play outdoors, as well as participate in agility games once trained. As the Lhasapoo is very protective, they can be rather skeptical of new people and strangers entering your home. Lhasa Apsos can often times be slightly aggressive if not introduced calmly and slowly, and the Lhasapoo may get this trait. Early training can also help to curb this possibly unwanted behavior. These dogs have moderate energy levels and a strong desire to please their owners, so the Lhasapoo often appears in agility courses. While they have a stubborn streak, Lhasapoos are very smart and food reward driven, so a good way to burn off that puppy energy is to teach your pup new tricks and provide toys made for mental stimulation as well. Since they develop such strong bonds with their owners, they are unfortunately not ideal for those who will be gone for extended periods of time. Lhasapoo Health The Lhasapoo breed is predisposed to some of the same conditions that the Lhasa Apso and Poodle also face. While most are generally healthy, some may be prone to a few health issues, which is why it is important to maintain good care and regular veterinary checkups. Some of the more common health problems Lhasapoos suffer from include: Hip Dysplasia. They are adaptable by nature and seek for attention and love from its family. If socialized from puppyhood, they would be good to other dogs, pets and children, provided the kids are also well-behaved. Care Exercise The dogs are so small by size that they need just an average exercise daily. Take your Lhasa poo out for a routine walk every day, out of the apartment as refreshment, and keep it close to yourself since they just love it. Grooming It is important to brush the coat of your lhasa poo at least twice a week, if not every day, and get it trimmed by professional hands once in months to avoid careless hair growth that might lead to tangling, which happens mostly in moist and snowy conditions. Clip their nails when long, check for rashes and infections in their inner ears and skin and brush their teeth frequently. Training Set rules clearly and affectionately and teach them tricks since the time the puppies are brought home from breeders, and they would pick up easily. Feeding Feed your lhasa poo according to its weight and age. For their moderate exercising habits, they need optimum carbohydrate and fat along with ample protein may be in the form of chunks of meat in their regular dog food, but occasionally. At times, you can also feed them with snacks like kibble and chews. Up to age one year, the dog should be fed with Puppy formula after which they can be switched to Adult dry dog food. Bad food generally bad for dogs and human foods might give them serious stomach and liver disorders. Interesting Facts Among other pets, the cats are especially friendly with lhasa poos. Lhasa poo older than 3 years of age is said to be a good companion to retirees. We live in Massachusetts. Looking for a young male or female. We had to put our 12yr old boy down and the ouse is so empty. We are semi retired ad have a beautiful fenced yard for someone special to play in. We would even consider a rehome dog. It has been so hard in the state we live in. Can anyone help us? He may have the curly coat of a Poodle or the long, straight coat of a Lhasa Apso, but he always has a cute, alert face and a sturdy body. Like his parent breeds, the Lhasapoo can come in a multitude of solid colors or in a particolor pattern a color plus white. Traits, Personality and Behavior At their best, Lhasapoos are friendly and affectionate, although some may have the suspicious nature of the Lhasa Apso, whose original purpose was to serve as a temple watchdog. Lhasapoos generally weigh 10 pounds to 20 pounds, making them a comfortable size for most homes. They are excellent watchdogs but can be on the yappy side. They also have a quick-thinking brain, making them highly trainable. Lhasapoos have a moderate activity level that is adaptable to their owner's lifestyle. They need a nice walk or active playtime each day, and if you're interested, they are athletic enough to participate in such dog sports as agility, obedience and rally. Both of the breeds used to create Lhasapoos are smart and learn quickly. If you begin socialization and training early and use positive reinforcement techniques such as praise, play and food rewards, you will be rewarded with a wonderful companion. Poodles have a reputation for being hypoallergenic, meaning that they can be tolerated by people who have allergies to dogs. Because they have the Poodle in their heritage, Lhasapoos are sometimes promoted as being hypoallergenic. But allergies are caused not by a particular dog coat type but by dander, the dead skin cells that are shed by all dogs. There is no scientific evidence that any breed or cross breed is more or less allergenic than any other dog. Some people with allergies react less severely to particular dogs, but no reputable breeder will guarantee that her dogs are hypoallergenic. Lhasapoos can have different types of fur, including soft, tight curls, big looping curls, loose waves or straight hair. Most have a curly or wavy coat with a minority having either the typical Poodle coat or the straight Lhasa coat. Curly or straight, it's always soft. A Lhasapoo coat looks its best with professional grooming every four to six weeks, and it requires brushing or combing every two to three days to prevent mats or tangles as well as regular bathing in between appointments with the groomer. Lhasapoos are among the breeds that commonly develop reddish-brown tear stains beneath their eyes. Sometimes the stains are related to the dog's diet, and changing foods can help. Your best bet, though, is to wash the face daily, carefully wiping beneath the eyes, to prevent stains from setting. Your Lhasapoo doesn't need a bikini wax, but you do need to trim the genital area for cleanliness or have the groomer shave the lower belly area. This prevents urine from staining and stinking up the coat and feces from getting caught in the hair around the anus. In addition, trim his nails at least monthly --more frequently if necessary --keep his ears clean and dry to prevent ear infections and brush his teeth as often as possible. Small dogs are especially prone to periodontal disease. Lhasapoos are companion dogs. They need to live in the house, never outdoors. Lhasapoo puppies are adorable, and it's one of the reasons they are so popular. Cute puppies sell, and that makes the Lhasapoo a favorite of puppy mills and greedy, irresponsible breeders. But there's no need to pay big bucks for a Lhasapoo. You can often find a wonderful example of this hybrid dog at your local shelter or through adoption organizations. If you do choose to buy one, however, select a breeder who has done the health testing to ensure that her puppies won't carry the genetic diseases common to both Lhasa Apsos and Poodles. And while there are no guarantees in life, it's also a good way to minimize the possibility of big veterinary bills in the future. Health Issues Common to Lhasapoos All hybrid dogs have the potential to develop genetic health problems, just as purebred dogs can and just as all people have the potential to inherit a particular disease. Run, don't walk, from any breeder who does not offer a health guarantee on puppies, who tells you that the Lhasapoo is percent healthy and has no known problems, or who tells you that her puppies are isolated from the main part of the household for health reasons. A reputable breeder will be honest and open about health problems in the Lhasapoo and the incidence with which they occur in her lines. Lhasapoos may develop health conditions common to both Lhasa Apsos and Poodles, especially if you aren't cautious about whom you buy from. They include luxating patellas and eye diseases such as progressive retinal atrophy, entropion, cataracts and glaucoma. Many toy breeds and small dogs have a condition known as luxating patellas, in which one or both knees are unstable and occasionally slip out of place. Depending on the level of severity 1 being mild and 4 being severe , luxating patellas can be a minor issue that cause the dog little problem or pain or serious enough to require surgical correction. Ask the breeder to show evidence that both of a puppy's parents have OFA patella knee clearances as well as certification from the Canine Eye Registry Foundation that their eyes are healthy. Do not purchase a puppy from a breeder who cannot provide you with written documentation that the parents were cleared of health problems that affect the breed. Having the dogs "vet checked" is not a substitute for genetic health testing. Lhasapoo Description The Lhasa-Poo is not a purebred dog. It is a cross between the Lhasa Apso and the Poodle. The best way to determine the temperament of a mixed breed is to look up all breeds in the cross and know you can get any combination of any of the characteristics found in either breed. It is very common for breeders to breed multi-generation crosses. She loves to play, she loves to cuddle, she loves to eat and she loves to bite at your ankles!!! Her housetraining is going well, however she does have the occasional accident when we are not paying enough attention to her signs. She is very smart; whenever she goes outside to do her business, and comes back in the house, she runs right into the kitchen and sits in front of the refrigerator, looking up. We keep the container of treats on top of the refrigerator. Once she has her treat she is on her way! Definitely she is not a first-generation hybrid, because her dog-dad and dog-mom are already both Lhasa-Poos. I have no idea about her grandparents, so I can't really say what generation she is of a Lhasa Poo hybrid. But she has streaks of straight hair too, like on her tail and on her head, that's why we can't give her a proper "Poodle-look" crown or afro on top of her head. We do shave her face though, as in Poodle cuts and we maintain her body hair on "summer cut," most of the time using grooming blade 7, because her hair grows very fast. Her soft, cottony undercoat is also very prone to matting. Awit is a non-shedder but she has very sensitive skin. Alternately, the word "awit" is also being used to translate the word "psalm" in the Bible. She loves walk time and play time. Play time means she runs and dares our other dogs to chase her around the house. She can also jump note: her agility makes her look like she can actually fly from the floor to the sofa, to the bed, from one bed to another, and back to the floor with ease. Yes, and she gets one 2" chew bone per day or a doggie biscuit that she can munch to her heart's delight. I tried to do clicker training on her, and she easily picked up the cues "sit" and "down. He is great with kids and tries to sing along with the neighborhood kids that often want to sing the nursery rhyme song "There Was a Farmer, Had a Dog and Bingo Was His Name.He wants to be with me every second of every day and goes with me everywhere that it is feasible to take him. If he thinks he will be left behind he exhibits definite signs of separation-anxiety. He will whine, cry and even try to sit on me to prevent me from leaving. Needless to say he loves being in the car and makes a great travel companion. He is very smart and easy to train. She's just about full grown in these photos, weighing in at about 7 pounds 3. Her owner says, "Her temperament is very sweet and she's super smart—she could sit, speak and shake hands after I'd had her for only 2 weeks. She's also very athletic and a terrific jumper. Often she makes tremendous leaps around the living room from the furniture. It's kind of her game to not touch the floor. Life Span Did You Know? Although a mixed breed can take on any combination of traits from the parent breeds, Lhasa-Poo tend to be friendly, affectionate, and playful dogs that are loyal to their families. This designer dog breed is a small dog with a big heart. They tend to be social and bond closely with their families. They tend to have a sweet, friendly disposition and a playful, energetic personality. They tend to get along well with children, other dogs, and other pets. Because their small size makes them susceptible to injury during accidental rough play or falls common to younger children, they are a better fit for older children who know how to interact appropriately with a dog and can handle them gently. As with any dog breed, socialization and training early on are important and the same is true for the Lhasa-Poo. They do make alert watchdogs, but they tend to be friendly dogs, so they do not tend to make good guard dogs. They can be prone to barking, but training early on can help curb this behavior. Lhasa-Poo are highly adaptable dogs. Their small size makes them a good fit for apartment living and they adapt just as well to larger homes. They do well in most climates, but may need to bundle up in the winter to keep warm. Having some basic winter dog products on hand is a big help when the temperatures drop. These small dogs are also sensitive to heat as with most dog breeds. Because these dogs thrive on attention and bond closely with their families, they do not like to be left alone. A mixed breed can inherit the genetic conditions of one, both, or neither of the parent breeds. Reputable breeders will screen their stock to avoid passing genetic conditions to puppies. Both of the parent breeds tend to be eager to please and highly intelligent. Although they tend to be easy to train, they can sometimes have a stubborn streak. So, your Lhasa-Poo can be highly trainable, but may have a stubborn streak, which can be challenging for first-time dog owners to navigate. For this mixed breed, it may be a good idea to be prepared to enroll in puppy training and obedience classes. Aside from the training, these classes can help further strengthen the bond you have with your puppy and are also a great opportunity to socialize a puppy. Lhasa-Poo tend to have a long coat that can be wavy or curly and can be clipped short. Although they do not shed much, they do need a lot of grooming in order for their coat to stay healthy. Because their fur is prone to tangles and mats, you will need to brush them daily. If their coat is clipped short, you can likely get away with brushing a few times a week. Bathing is on an as-needed basis, but your Lhasa-Poo will need professional grooming every weeks. In addition to coat care, you will also need to handle nail, ear, and dental care for your Lhasa-Poo. Nail trimming on a monthly basis is usually sufficient to keep them from growing too long. So, professional grooming sessions may take care of it. This can help prevent ear infections. Although they are small, Lhasa-Poo tend to have a moderate activity level and can sometimes have bursts of higher energy. Daily walks plus some playtime are usually enough for this dog. Try out a bunch of different activities to see what your dog likes to do best. They may enjoy taking an easy hike with you, going for trips to the dog park , or even swimming. A fully-grown Lhasa-Poo usually stands inches tall and weighs pounds. A Lhasa-Poo generally lives years. The Lhasa-Poo coat is a coat of many colors. They can have a white, cream, apricot, black, brown, or combination colored-coat. Featured Lhasa-Poo Article. Since it is bred between the Lhasa Apso and the Poodle, it could inherit either a straight silky coat or a curly coat and can come in a variety of colors including white, black, brown, cream, apricot, or any combination thereof. The Lhasa-Poo also has a sturdy body, alert face, small round head, almond-shaped eyes, short legs, and hanging ears. Discover more about our Lhasa-Poo puppies for sale below! Temperament The Lhasa-Poo is an intelligent and affectionate breed with a tendency to please their owners; which makes training and picking up tricks easy. It is also an alert breed and can make a good watchdog. Like all dogs, if socialized from a young age the Lhasa-Poo would be good with other pets and children. Care Being a small breed, the Lhasa-Poo only requires just an average amount of daily exercise; such as routine walks. It is also important to brush the coat about twice a week to avoid matting and groomed by a professional about once every six months to avoid tangling. See store for details on a particular puppy. American Canine Hybrid Club.

How often you should feed a German Shepherd puppy depends on their age and their activity level. Many owners also want to know when they can switch to adult food formulas for their German Shepherd puppies. Switch your GSD puppy to adult food when they are around 12 to 18 months old. Puppies can begin adult kibble when they are approximately 80 percent of their adult weight. This usually occurs around 8 to 10 months of age, but you can safely feed puppy food up to 18 months old as long as they are not putting on excess weight too quickly. If you want to know what to feed a German Shepherd puppy, keep reading. Finding the best food to feed your German Shepherd puppy is overwhelming at times. This means choosing what to feed a German Shepherd puppy is even more serious and intimidating! Follow this feeding guide when you need to know what to feed German Shepherd puppies. I understand! The following dog foods are all recommended for large breed puppies and meet and exceed regulated nutritional standards. Feeding a high-quality kibble from a name-brand company that uses feeding trials ensures the best quality and nutrition. Here are some of the best German Shepherd puppy foods that are research-backed. Packed with nutrients to help limit inflammation of the joints and uses fresh ingredients. Easily digestible formula for puppies prone to allergies and sensitive stomachs. Rich aroma with DHA fish oil to entice puppies to finish every last bite while giving shine to their coats. The better the food, the healthier your pup will be inside and out. Cheaper GSD puppy food lacks quality proteins that are essential for your working breed dog. Adding too much weight to your German Shepherd too soon can cause lifelong joint issues that are painful to your pet and expensive on your wallet. Most GSDs are healthy and fit on commercial dog foods that are high quality. These balanced formulas keep their bones and muscles strong throughout their growing periods and can ward off later joint issues, a common breed problem, as they mature. There is a greater demand for quality nutrition during the early growth stage. For these reasons, you must feed high-quality food. Now, consider what to feed a German Shepherd puppy based on their age. These feeding charts and guides will help keep your new companion growing strong and athletic. Tiny portions of canned, wet foods are introduced. Meals per day: 4 or more Puppies should stay with their mom for to keep them healthy. Nutrition Warning! At 8-weeks-old a GSD pup is eating more solid foods and develops a better appetite for kibble and other foods. Add in only a couple of small spoonfuls of canned plain pumpkin, unsweetened Greek yogurt, or cooked oatmeal to entice your pup to eat. Meals per day: 4 Week-Old Puppy Continue feeding the same as the 8-week-old diet. Treats are not only enjoyable for your German Shepherd, but help you to eneterain and build a positive relationship with him. Be sure to keep their zoomies under control by playing plenty of fun German Shepherd games for puppies. Meals per day: 4 Week-Old Puppy Continue to feed the kibble. Watch for excessive weight gain during this growth time as their bones cannot take extra weight! Too much weight gain too quickly can cause joint issues as an adult and prevent healthy development. Use their mental energy to help keep them more relaxed throughout the day by playing brain-boosting mind games for German Shepherd puppies. Meals per day: 3 to 4 Week-Old Puppy Keep your puppy trim and athletic by monitoring how much you feed your puppy and their body condition. You can write how much they eat and track this over time, and adjust how much your feed your German Shepherd puppy to keep them at a healthy weight. Try using fresh, raw, cut-up pieces of carrots as healthy treats or small, deseeded cubes of fresh apple as part of their training treats. Keep your eyes open for a growth spurt about to begin! Meals per day: 3 Week-Old Puppy Around 4 months old, you might notice your puppy finish their meal quickly and look for more food. Be sure to watch how many treats you give them throughout the day. You can do this by holding them safely in your arms and weighing them with you on the scale. Then, place them on the floor and step onto the scale without them to weigh yourself. Remember, around 16 to weeks old your German Shepherd puppy begins to rapidly grow. Instead, when looking overhead at your puppy their waist should look trim and not rounded outwards. German Shepherd puppies should appear sleek in their waistline. Meals per day: 3 Week And Older Puppy Continue to feed your German Shepherd puppy dry kibble with a small amount of healthy foods mixed in. You can lessen the healthy food you mix in gradually if you prefer. But, even as adults, German Shepherds love a bit of tasty toppers on their kibble. Around a year old, begin feeding your German Shepherd puppy 2 meals a day. Two meals, one in the morning and evening, are not only safer but also provide your German Shepherd with sustained energy to fuel their high-energy lifestyle. You can create a positive meal time by using the following tips: Always offer fresh water during their meal times. Keep the area where they eat their food in calm and out of the way of the family hustle and bustle. I found sitting with a book reading, just keeping my GSD puppy company, encouraged my dog to eat their meals while giving us time to quietly bond. Feed your German Shepherd at the same time everyday. The best time to feed a German Shepherd puppy is in the morning, before you leave for the day, and in the evening, about 2 hours before you put your dog to bed. Allow them to potty after eating to ensure their comfort. Your dog also needs to eat at other times of the day for their health and growth. How much you should feed a German Shepherd puppy really depends on a number of factors. Your GSD pup should eat enough to maintain their growth and energy, while not carrying any extra fat. Every dog is different. Keep in mind the number of calories in the kibble, which varies from manufacturer to manufacturer. Each puppy food company has a different amount of calories and size of the kibble. Here are a few things that might affect how much your German Shepherd puppy should eat. The more active a German Shepherd puppy is, the more calories he needs to eat to replace lost energy. For example, puppies need nearly twice the amount of calories as compared to adults. And older or senior German Shepherds who are less active need less food. Health Maintaining a healthy weight is essential to feeding your German Shepherd. Simply put, you can prevent some medical conditions and health problems by monitoring their waistlines. Instead follow the healthy way to bulk up a German Shepherd. To see if your German Shepherd is at the right weight you can find the average weight depending on their age. It also tends to be high in protein. Food that is high in protein and calories will provide your puppy with the energy that they need and help them gain the right amount of weight as they grow up. Most puppy food also includes vitamin and mineral supplements, such as calcium and phosphorus, for healthy and strong bones and teeth. You should speak to your vet to ensure that you have the right food and are feeding your puppy the proper amount. We hope that these reviews have helped you decide on the right food for your German Shepherd puppy. Remember to stick with large-breed food because it usually has the correct ratio of vitamins and minerals to give your GSD puppy all the suitable nutrition that they need so they can grow up strong, healthy, and happy. Featured Image Credit: Victoria Antonova, Shutterstock Written by Kathryn Copeland Author Kathryn was a librarian in a previous lifetime and is currently a writer about all things pets. When she was a child, she hoped to work in zoos or with wildlife in some way, thanks to her all-consuming love for animals. Unfortunately, she's not strong in the sciences, so she fills her days with researching and writing about all kinds of animals and spends time playing with her adorable but terribly naughty tabby cat, Bella. Kathryn is hoping to add to her family in the near future — maybe another cat and a dog.Read more Advertisement.

These dogs are known for their lively personality and cute, furry appearance. Toy Poodles are also intelligent and highly trainable. In addition, Toy Poodles are relatively small dogs, which makes them a good choice for people who live in apartments or other small spaces. If you live an active lifestyle and are seeking a fun-loving and intelligent furry friend, look no further than the Toy Poodle. Toy Poodle Puppies Health Considerations Though generally very healthy and long-lived — with an average lifespan of around 14 to 16 years — our Toy Poodles for sale are not without their unique health concerns. Like every breed of dog, there are a few conditions you should be aware of before you consider purchasing one of our Toy Poodle puppies for sale. Understanding the risks allows you to know the signs and prevent small health concerns from turning into big ones. This is caused by the soft palate becoming irritated, and can be triggered by excitement or allergies. While it may seem alarming, reverse sneezing is not harmful and will resolve on its own. Another common health concern in Toy Poodles is luxating patellas. This occurs when the kneecap slips out of place, and can cause pain and lameness. Luckily, luxating patellas can be effectively treated with surgery. Finding a Toy Poodle puppy for sale from a reputable breeder can dramatically — although, not eliminate — the risk of your dog developing some of these conditions. The coat can be either curly or corded, and it comes in a variety of colors, including black, white, brown, and apricot. Toy Poodles require regular grooming to keep their coats healthy and free of mats. Daily brushing is necessary to prevent the hair from tangling, and the coat should be clipped every six to eight weeks. In addition to regular brushing and clipping, Toy Poodles also need to have their teeth brushed daily and their nails trimmed on a monthly basis. By taking care of their coats, Toy Poodles can stay healthy and happy for many years to come. Meet Toy Poodle Puppies for Sale. While most people associate Poodles with France, the Toy Poodle was developed in the early s in Germany. They are known for their good looks, but the truth is they are elegant athletes. These tiny pups are proud, active, and smart. They have many talents that are shown off in dog shows around the world. Toy Poodles have a short curly coat that requires regular grooming. Toy Poodles are great as a family dog or a companion. They were bred in Germany from a variety of small dog breeds in order to enjoy the benefits of a Standard Poodle in a smaller package. With intelligence and spunk in a portable size, you can take your little Toy Poodle puppy just about anywhere that allows dogs. In addition to their adorable faces and lively personalities, you have a ton of options in colors and markings when looking for toy poodles for sale. Find out characteristics, activity level, disposition, training, grooming, and costs of raising a Toy Poodle puppy for sale. Characteristics Did you know the AKC recognizes at least 27 colors and color combinations in a Toy Poodle puppy for sale, not to mention several markings? Toy Poodles for sale will stop growing around months and will not grow more than about 10 inches tall. They sport a squarish body, long nose, drooping ears, an elegant appearance, and carry themselves with an air of pride and confidence. Activity Level A Toy Poodle will not sit around and look pretty! Toy Poodle puppies for sale are lively, hardy, agile, and athletic despite their tiny size. They have a lot of energy and will need to burn it off in order to stay engaged. Toy Poodle puppies have lots of fun at small breed dog parks, going on daily walks, and participating in other activities like swimming or agility courses to fill up 45 minutes to 1 hour of daily exercise. 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It's especially important to give your Toy Poodle puppy the basis for good manners if you frequently take them out in public. If you're considering Toy Poodles for sale, keep in mind that it's easy to instill healthy social skills in these clever pups. In fact, Toy Poodle puppies for sale are great candidates for tracking and agility competitions alike. Whatever gives them a chance to follow commands, show off, and win is going to be a fun activity for a Toy Poodle puppy. Their longer, curly, soft hair needs regular care and attention, but the extra time you put into grooming will pay off in spades. Although Toy Poodles are hypoallergenic and aren't prone to shedding, they still need regular appointments at a grooming service to keep their coat looking fabulous. That's because a Toy Poodle puppy has hair and not fur like some other breeds. Daily brushing keeps tangles and mats at bay, removes dirt, and distributes oils. Teeth and nails will also need regular maintenance. 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Be sure to watch how much you spend, as your Toy Poodle puppy could easily end up with a fancier wardrobe than you own for yourself! A Toy Poodle puppy for sale can live to be and can live years with a happy, long life thanks to responsible, trustworthy, and knowledgeable breeders. While mostly healthy, Toy Poodles can experience certain health issues such as luxating patellas, hip dysplasia, eye disorders, von Willebrand's disease, and epilepsy. Why Pawrade? Finding a reputable breeder has never been easier If you've been searching "toy poodles for sale near me", then you're in the right place! Finding a toy poodle dog for sale online has never been easier or safer. Pawrade is dedicated to connecting loving families with a dog that needs a home. Using Pawrade to browse for a Toy Poodle for sale is a reliable way to ensure that you get a dog from a reputable breeder. Our focus is on the health of the dog and ethical, sustainable breeding practices. 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