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Articles Sit. Heal German Shepherd Hip Dysplasia Signs and Treatments Muscular, intelligent, and loyal, German shepherds are steadfast guardians and all-purpose workers. Highly trainable and obedient, German shepherds provide a range of services—excelling as show dogs and household companions, as well as military and search and rescue animals. Exuding confidence, this breed is royalty of the dog family. They are susceptible, however, to challenging hip and joint issues like hip dysplasia any time from puppyhood all the way through maturation. As with many large breed dogs, German shepherds are prone to canine hip dysplasia CHD , a dog skeletal condition that can be inherited or caused by a traumatic fracture or other environmental factors. CHD occurs from malformation of the ball and joint socket of one or both hips the hip joint is called the coxofemoral joint. If so, it maybe be because of breeding. The exaggerated hind leg angulation is often bred into the dog because of standards that dictate rear legs upper and lower thighs should come as close to a degree angle as possible. Along these same lines, a sloping back causes hindquarters to become more angulate and, thus, prone to lower back pain. These bent legs could point toward one of many health problems, one of which is hip dysplasia. Although irreversible, canine hip dysplasia can be monitored and treated to reduce chronic pain. According to the Orthopedic Foundation for Animals , .The progression of it and the treatment options available depend on a number of factors, including the degree of misalignment and age of the dog. CHD has a range of signs, depending on the severity of the disease and degree of looseness in the joint. The severity also ranges from mild to extreme pain—some German shepherds even have to use a wheelchair. CHD Treatment Options Dog hip dysplasia surgery for severe cases in medium to large dogs can be expensive. If invasive surgery is not the best choice for your dog, look into non-surgical, conservative management options, such as dog leg braces, physical therapy, weight control, acupuncture, anti-inflammatories, and massage therapy. Ortho Dog specializes in flexible, adjustable, and affordable dog leg braces. Additionally, leg braces for hip dysplasia may slow the progression of this chronic issue. Is a Hip Hound Brace right for your pup? Designed for dogs who suffer from arthritis and mild to moderate hip dysplasia. Below are four common disorders of the hip and joint commonly seen in this breed: Degenerative Myelopathy As a German shepherd owner, you have likely heard of the fatal, chronic, and progressive disease called degenerative myelopathy that is most prevalent in this breed. Typically apparent between the ages of , degenerative myelopathy is a neurological disorder that affects the spinal cord and muscle coordination, ultimately leading to paralysis of the back legs within months. CHD shares several symptoms with early stages of degenerative myelopathy, including difficulty rising and jumping, and progressive weakness of hind limbs. As with any signs that something may be off with your dog, contact your veterinarian for a full exam. Canine Myasthenia Gravis A rare neuromuscular disease, canine myasthenia gravis is a disorder of the signal transmission between nerves and muscles, resulting in progressive muscle weakness, and fatigue with mild exercise. This disease is not typically confused with CHD because the signs tend to show up on the face more than the hindquarters. This incorrect movement can put a strain on their hips, which causes them to walk with an irregular gait. Our Hock Holder brace offers stabilization and support to the hock to help relieve stress. Osteoarthritis Most often seen in senior dogs, osteoarthritis is the inflammation of the hip joints due to cartilage deterioration. You may notice your dog moving a bit more slowly and having trouble with stairs. With less cartilage, bones can grind against each other and cause inflammation. Much like a human wearing a wrist or hand brace for arthritis, the Ortho Dog Hip Hound brace limits the movement of the joint, which helps with the pain. Reviewed by Petal Smart Petal Smart is a Doctor of Veterinary Medicine and has been an editor in the veterinary and medical sciences since .She has edited more than assignments, including research studies published in various academic journals, continuing medical education materials, and articles on pet health. Canine hip dysplasia is most often seen in large breeds like German Shepherd dogs , Saint Bernards , and Greater Swiss Mountain dogs , but a dog of any size and both male and female dogs may be affected. The cause of canine hip dysplasia isn't known. The condition is thought to have a genetic link, and dogs with hip dysplasia should not be bred. Puppies from parents that have hip dysplasia will be more likely to develop the condition than puppies born to parents with normal hips. However, even dogs with normal parents can develop hip dysplasia. What Is Canine Hip Dysplasia? The pelvis cradles the head of the femur thigh bone in a cup-like socket of bone that forms the hip. Puppies typically are born normal, but as the puppy matures, the hip joint alignment becomes progressively worse. This places abnormal stress and wear on the bones when they rub together, and causes further joint degeneration and pain. Bones respond to stress by growing thicker, which makes the fit even worse. As the dog matures, this damage predisposes to arthritic changes and painful joints. Signs and Symptoms Severe hip dysplasia may become noticeable as early as four months of age, but is more typically seen in pups aged 9 months to 1 year. The painful condition causes limping , favoring of limbs, and difficulty rising, running, or jumping. Dysplastic pups may exhibit an odd wobbly gait when walking and "bunny hop" when running or climbing stairs, which may help to ease joint stress. Stairs can prove a particular challenge for these dogs, and sore hips and pain may prompt aggression , causing the pup to snap or flinch when touched. However, there are degrees of severity. Some pups may show few to no signs at all, and mild cases may go undiagnosed until the dog reaches middle age or older. How quickly, or to what extent degeneration occurs is in part determined by the pup's activity level. While healthy, normal hips probably won't be adversely affected by hard work or exuberant play, the dog with mild to moderate hip dysplasia develops more noticeable signs more quickly when excessive stress is placed on these joints. Fortunately, only a relatively small percentage of pets suffer the severest, most crippling form of the condition. The condition may also be influenced by lifestyle, nutrition, body weight, and activity level. The puppy is placed on its back and the veterinarian looks for the typical arthritic changes and subluxation laxity of the joint. Some changes may not become evident until the pup reaches 2 years old, and experts say there may be considerable changes from 6 to 9 months up to 1 year. The OFA provides a consulting service for purebred dog owners and breeders, through which it reviews hip X-rays provided by an owner to evaluate the dog's conformation and, when normal, certifies that fact. The PennHip testing method, developed by Dr. Reputable breeders have dog parents tested prior to breeding to make sure they do not have hip dysplasia and reduce the chance of the condition in puppies. Dogs can be certified free of hip dysplasia by sending appropriate X-rays to either the OFA registry or the PennHip registry. This is evaluated by three radiologists who score the hips fair, good, or excellent. PennHip evaluation uses computer analysis to compare the X-rays to all the other dogs of that breed in the registry. Management of Hip Dysplasia There is no cure for hip dysplasia. Treatment is aimed at relieving pain and improving joint function. How well treatment works depends on the severity of the problem. Often, mild to moderate cases of hip dysplasia can be managed with gentle exercise, a healthy diet, and oral pain relievers like buffered aspirin or Rimadyl as prescribed by the veterinarian. Moderate exercise helps maintain and improve the puppy's muscle tone, which alleviates painful wear and tear on the joint. Encourage your dysplastic puppy to take short walks with you. Swimming is an ideal exercise, but jumping and prolonged running should be discouraged. Keep your puppy lean; obesity increases joint strain and can make the condition worse. Massage can also help the dog feel better. Severe cases of hip dysplasia may benefit from surgery that rebuilds or removes bone or alters the muscles and tendons to reduce pain. More from The Spruce Pets. References 1. Clinical and pathological effects Hip dysplasia HD is a disease of the hip coxofemoral joints. Dysplasia means abnormal development. Both hips are usually affected Brass .It is a complex disease that results from a combination of genes that predispose a dog to developing hip dysplasia interacting with environmental factors that lead to its full development and expression Riser .It is characterized by hip joint instability which, if compounded by environmental factors, then results in secondary osteoarthritis and the clinical signs of hip dysplasia which include pain, lameness and disability Zhang et al .To fully understand hip dysplasia, it is necessary to understand the structure of the hip joint. The hip joint is the joint at the top of the hind leg, where it articulates forms a joint with the pelvis. It is described as a ball and socket joint, as in normal hips the ball-shaped head of the femur the thigh bone fits perfectly into a cup-shaped socket in the pelvis, the acetabulum. The head of the femur femoral head and the acetabulum are normally covered with cartilage which produces a smooth, low friction surface. Within the joint there is also a fine layer of synovial fluid that acts as a lubricant between these cartilaginous surfaces. This thin layer of synovial fluid, along with the round ligament a ligament that runs round the edge of the acetabulum — between the acetabulum and the femur , keeps the two cartilaginous surfaces together by creating a suction-like effect. The ligaments and the joint capsule also help to hold the ball and socket closely together. In newborn puppies, because the bones are soft and not fully ossified turned into bone as they need to grow and develop, they are still deformable if abnormal movements or stresses and strains occur in them. Riser suggests that, in a normal six month old individual, ossification of the bones and soft tissue strength the strength of the surrounding ligaments, joint capsule and muscles have developed enough to prevent hip dysplasia. Hip dysplasia is described as a biomechanical disease. The hips appear normal at birth. However, in affected individuals, the hips develop abnormally due, at first, to joint instability sometimes called joint laxity Riser .This means that the developing femoral head and acetabulum are not held constantly, closely together, and can move into abnormal positions relative to one another. This puts abnormal stresses and strains on the joint. Riser states this is due to the soft tissues, such as ligaments and muscle, not being strong enough to maintain congruity between the articular surfaces of the femoral head and the acetabulum ie the constant contact between the surfaces of the bones is not maintained. The pathological changes seen due to the joint instability are progressive inflammation and degeneration of the tissues that together form the joint. Brass details the following changes in the joint: The joint capsule can become thickened and the round ligament can become stretched or ruptured leading to additional, excessive movements. The synovial fluid increases in volume and changes in nature, due to inflammation, this pushes the joint surfaces apart. The cartilage on the bone surfaces gets worn away exposing subchondral bone the layer of bone beneath the surface cartilage. Unlike cartilage, bone contains nerve endings and such exposure will commonly cause pain. The rim of the acetabulum becomes damaged and flattened and later new bone starts to grow here as the body tries to stabilize the joint. The femoral head becomes deformed and flattened and also grows abnormal bone called exotoses or osteophytes. This changing of the shape of the joint with new bone growing in abnormal positions, and being lost in others, is called joint remodelling. The signs that are seen with hip dysplasia can vary hugely in their severity, the age at which they first appear and their progression. In mild cases dogs can be free from clinical signs for years; however, for more severely affected individuals, signs of pain can develop whilst they are still immature less than a year old Signs include acute pain, particularly after strenuous exercise or movement. This may show as lameness or reluctance to jump, to go for walks, climb steps or move at all if really severe. The pain may be worse in cold, wet conditions Brass .These signs may start intermittently, but over time can become constant. Muscle wastage is often seen in the hindlegs Brass .There appears to be little correlation between the severity of pain shown by the dog and physical abnormalities felt on examination by a vet or revealed on an x-ray Brass ie some dogs can be in severe pain but have few changes on x-rays and vice versa. This is typical of any joint disease. Controlling food intake during growth has been shown to decrease hip dysplasia in Labradors ie by reducing excessive energy intake and therefore excessive weight gain during growth Kealy et al .High calcium intake during growth has been shown to delay maturation of the skeleton and increase the risk of hip dysplasia in Great Danes Hazewinkel .It is thought that controlling the amount and form of exercise during development may also help Corr .Bennett and May suggest excessive exercise during development can lead to hip dysplasia. Treatment for hip dysplasia is complex; many surgical interventions have been developed to prevent signs appearing in young animals with high joint laxity and to treat dogs with severe osteoarthritis. All need specialist surgeons. Various medications to aid pain relief are also available, along with recommendations to reduce the effect of environmental factors. Return to top 2. Intensity of welfare impact Though some dogs may be mildly affected, for many German Shepherd dogs with hip dysplasia, the impact of the condition is major and life changing. These animals suffer pain that is severe and debilitating, leading them to be in pain even with small everyday movements such as standing up. Their quality of life is severely affected so that they are unable to enjoy normal canine behaviours such as walking and running. It is not uncommon for dogs to be euthanased due to the pain and disability of arthritis associated with hip dysplasia. Return to top 3. Duration of welfare impact Hip dysplasia is a progressive disease with signs seen from any age. For some dogs pain starts before a year of age. Signs may be intermittent to start with but often progress to be constant. Medical treatment and advice can help control pain and possibly slow progression, though a cure can only be obtained with major surgical intervention in dogs that are considered suitable candidates for such surgery. Return to top 4. Number of animals affected Hip dysplasia is the most common joint problem of large dogs Smith et al .UK VetCompass data for dogs overall, showed that 7. In this sample, diagnosis of conditions affecting the pelvis eg hip dysplasia did not significantly differ between purebred and crossbred dogs. Figures vary greatly for how frequently German Shepherds are affected by hip dysplasia, depending on the method by which they have been screened and the database reviewed. The frequency is likely to vary for geographically different populations of the same breed Brass .However, Paster et al suggested that the OFA population was biased, as it is not compulsory for radiographed dogs to have their x-rays submitted to the OFA scheme so some owners may have had dogs pre-screened and only submitted apparently non-dysplastic ones for consideration and scoring. In this study, German Shepherd dogs had a higher odds ratio of hip dysplasia occurrence than Dobermanns, Labradors and Rottweilers, indicating that the breed is at a significantly higher risk of hip dysplasia development. Return to top 5. Diagnosis For a young dog suspected of hip dysplasia, a diagnosis can be made on the clinical signs shown at home and on examination of the dog, including assessment of joint laxity and joint pain plus evaluation of radiographs x-ray pictures of the hip joints Corr .Assessment of the joint laxity and radiographs may need to be performed by a specialist vet who is used to checking for this condition. For a formal diagnosis, the radiographs are usually submitted to a panel for evaluation. There are three methods of assessing joint laxity. Radiographs and assessment of joint laxity need to be performed under heavy sedation or anaesthesia Corr .Return to top 6. Genetics Hip dysplasia in dogs is a polygenic disease; many genes are thought to play a role in its development. Most of these genes probably have small additive effects quantitative, polygenes and some probably have larger effects Zhang et al .Heritability estimates are used to demonstrate how much variation in a phenotypic trait is due to genetic variation among individuals in a population. Using hip scores published by the British Veterinary Association, heritability for hip scores of German Shepherd dogs was 0. Genes are not solely responsible for whether a dog with the genetic potential for hip dysplasia develops the condition. Environmental factors play an important part. They are discussed in the clinical and pathogenic effects section above. However, there are significant breed predispositions to this condition and the German Shepherd dog is one of the breeds affected. Return to top 7. How do you know if an animal is a carrier or likely to become affected? There are a number of breeding schemes around the world developed to decrease the incidence of hip dysplasia in dog breeds. These schemes assess potential breeding animals in somewhat different ways. All aim to give breeders and owners a strong indication of which dogs are likely to produce healthy offspring and which should not be bred. However, this is by no means straightforward for hip dysplasia as it is a polygenic condition in which the genetics are poorly understood and which is also affected by environmental factors in a major way. This lack of clarity has produced much debate over the best way to assess potential breeding dogs. A brief summary of the various schemes follows including some current evidence for their benefits. All dogs must be at least 12 months of age. There are nine radiographic features which are scored, including the Norberg angle NA - a measurement for hip laxity taken from the EHR and each dog is given a score out of 53 for each hip total of up to for both. A low score indicates healthy hip joints eg Greyhounds would score 0, as is not seen in this breed and a higher score indicates worse hip dysplasia. Breeders are recommended to only breed from animals with a score lower than the breed medianscore e. It is also based on an extended hip radiograph EHR , which is then graded by three independent experts to give an overall grade. All dogs must be over 2 years of age to be assessed. There are seven possible grades for the radiograph: excellent, good, fair, borderline, mild, moderate or severe hip dysplasia. Dogs must be between 1 and 2 years of age and the radiograph is graded by someone appointed by each breed club — they do not have to be an expert. Grades include: A- no signs of hip dysplasia, B — near normal hip joints, C — mild hip dysplasia, D — moderate hip dysplasia, E — severe hip dysplasia. Older dogs can be assessed but the likelihood of more secondary osteoarthritic changes is taken into account. Dogs from 4 months of age can be assessed. It involves the assessment of three different radiographic views of the hip joints called the distraction view, the compression view and the EHR. The radiograph must be taken by a vet who is registered with the scheme and the radiographs are assessed by vets at the PennHIP Analysis Center. Dogs with a DI lower than 0. Dogs with increasing DI values over 0. Advocates of the PennHIP method like it because it accurately identifies individuals who have hip laxity - the primary phenotypical abnormality that predisposes dogs to hip dysplasia. The other schemes only look at the EHR and though the NA can be measured from this, the NA has been shown to be an inaccurate method to assess hip laxity Culp et al .Much of what is assessed on the EHRs are secondary arthritic changes, these are not specific to hip dysplasia and are affected by many environmental factors. Recently, researchers from the University of Pennsylvania have confirmed that the Distraction Index DI is a significant risk factor for the development of hip dysplasia. In other words, DI scores give a very good indication of the likelihood of osteoarthritic changes, due to hip dysplasia, developing in the future Smith and others , , , Smith , Runge et al .These and other researchers argue that the other schemes are not as good at detecting animals that have hip dysplasia as the PennHIP method and, despite older schemes existing for over 40 years, little improvement has been seen in hip dysplasia in the general pet population Corley , Kaneene et al , Leppanen et al , Paster et al .In fact, one recent study looking at a database of over 1,, dogs found an increase in the prevalence of hip dysplasia Witsberger et al .However EHR scores were found to have a much higher heritability 0. Heritability studies are difficult to compare between different populations with different environmental influences. To improve the gene pool, phenotypic traits that can be easily detected with strong links to the genotype genetic make-up of animals have to be found. Ideally, any potential pet would have had its hip joints assessed by one of the above schemes prior to purchase, although this is often unhelpful, as most pets are purchased as young puppies. Unfortunately, this does not guarantee all their offspring will be free from hip dysplasia. Certainly any potential breeding animal should be assessed prior to breeding using an appropriate scheme. Return to top 8. Methods and prospects for elimination of the problem Hip dysplasia is a complex trait which involves multiple unknown genes and environmental factors. Eradication schemes have been running in some countries for decades and still it is commonplace. Thus prospects for its quick elimination are low. In a recent study, Zhang et al suggested that using scores from four hip traits combined to create a breeding value for each animal would help speed up elimination of the condition. They felt that information on the single joint trait EHR eg the OFA scheme gave insufficient information to provide the basis for breeding decisions. The DLS is a measurement made from an x-ray taken in a weight-bearing position to measure the subluxation of the femoral head Farese et al .In this study on two populations of dogs where environmental factors were strictly controlled, heritabilities for all these traits were found to be relatively high eg heritabilities were 0. The researchers suggested these heritabilites were higher than expected due to the controlled environmental conditions. Zhang et al suggested an improved way for selectively breeding out hip dysplasia would be if breeders could be given breeding values derived from the four traits for each potential breeding animal, plus a measurement of the inbreeding of any potential mating eg the inbreeding coefficient. This way, they suggest, inbreeding can be avoided and only animals with phenotypes strongly indicative of healthy hip joint genes would be bred from. This scheme is a more organised form of others that have suggested using a combination of breeding values determined from pedigree information and phenotype score Ginja et al , Hou et al .As described by Bell , when breeders are prioritising raising dogs that have good hip dysplasia genotypes for future breeding the phenotype has to be used as a marker for the genotype. Although the diagnostic signs can be affected also by environmental factors such as feeding and exercise regimes. It is important that the puppies are raised in a standard and not excessively protective way. Otherwise, dogs that would normally have developed radiographic signs of hip dysplasia will have this masked and their genes will be perpetuated. Future development of genetic tests to help identify some of the hip dysplasia genes, along with more use of pedigree data that includes the health of ancestors and progeny for clinical signs of hip dysplasia and also for other inherited defects of German Shepherd dogs , may well help to improve methods used to eliminate this condition. Currently we have to continue to rely on choosing phenotypical traits which apparently indicate the presence of healthy genes. Return to top 9.

She also owns Pack Dynamics , a holistic dog training practice in Bend, Oregon, that focuses on understanding dogs as individuals to better resolve behavior issues. Her dog behavior consults are based on science and her many experiences training canines. We updated this article in July to ensure everything was in stock. These are low in calories and easy to swallow. If your dog responds better to larger treats, Certified Professional Dog Trainer Nicole Ellis says something you can break up easily also works. Crunching or chewing can make a mess. Ellis likes treats that are made up of mostly meat. Travels well: Reed reminds dog parents to choose treats that travel well. Remember, training treats are rewards for a job well done and should encourage your pup to keep learning. It also may take some time to figure out what your dog responds to best. Reed calls these dry and not very flavorful. They can also be too filling. We also reached out to dog parents well-versed in training, like Meredith and Brian in Chicago who worked with several trainers to help their dog Luna overcome her reactivity. Each treat on our list meets most - if not all - of the criteria listed above. Three are single-ingredient treats made up entirely of animal protein. First, figure out what treats your dog likes best. This can be a fun game! Label each cup with the name of the treat. Take one treat and put it under a plastic cup. Repeat until all treat options are hidden. Watch your dog find the treats and notice the order they found them in. Dogs will usually hunt for the most appetizing treats first. You can definitely do a few sessions each day. Treats should be used to reinforce good behaviors. This is a classic! Get these treats from Chewy here. Cheese While this takes a little more effort on your part, cheese from the grocery store can be a great treat for training time. You can purchase a block of cheese from your grocery store, cut it up into very small cubes, and put it in a Tupperware for convenient usage throughout the week. But it can be a really great, high-value treat for a lot of Golden Retrievers. You can easily prepare some meat at home to use as treats. Chicken is usually the cheapest, but any meat will do! Pro tip: Divide the cubed meat into several ziplock bags or Tupperware and freeze. This way none of the meat will go bad before you can use it all up, and you always have some high-value treats on hand. PureBites Mini Trainers Chicken These treats are great for puppies because they come pre-cut in tiny cubes. Wild Meadow Farms Minis The size and shape of these treats are super unique and perfect for puppy training. High quality and delicious — your new Golden pup will love these! They also come in a variety of flavors: beef, duck, lamb, pork, chicken, venison, turkey, wild boar and salmon. Real Meat Puppies love real meat just like adult dogs! You can see more tips on using real meat as training treats in the adult dog treat section above. Getting a golden retriever puppy? Check out the Golden Retriever Puppy Handbook! But puppies can sometimes get loose stool if they have too many treats, or if the ingredients are too rich for their systems. From the adult dog treat recommendations above, go easy on the cheese and liver treats, as those can sometimes be a bit much for little guys. Use small amounts at first to see how your pup tolerates it. However, here are some things to keep in mind that can really super-charge your training when it comes to using treats: Size Pea-sized treats typically work best for training your Golden. You want them to be able to chew and swallow the treat quickly so they can get back to the training session. While your pup might be overjoyed to be handed a large treat, it can really slow down the training process. Texture Soft treats are usually ideal for training time. Again, you want your pup to be able to chew and swallow quickly. A crunchy treat can take longer for your dog to eat, and sometimes eager Goldens can briefly choke on it as they scarf it down. Some treats can be pretty crumbly, which can cause crumbs to fall on the ground which distract your dog from the task at hand. If the treat is the same color as the ground, your dog may struggle to actually see the treat. In these cases, choose a treat that contrasts in color to the surface from which your pup will be eating. Value The key to using positive reinforcement is finding out what your dog really likes. Every Golden Retriever is unique and will have their own preferences when it comes to treats, so take note of what they seem to like best. Your dog might eat anything you hand her, but there are likely certain treats that really make her light up. This is because different treats have different values to your Golden. A Cheerio might be a 3 out of 10, a piece of cheese might be an 8 out of 10, and a tidbit of smoked sausage might be an 11 out of .Matching the value of the treat with the training task at hand can really take your training up a few notches. So perhaps, a mid-value treat is the way to go for this particular training scenario. It just feels good to provide yummy food for our loved ones, dogs included. Just like with training treats, health is always a priority when it comes to snacks for your Golden, so these recommendations keep that in mind. Here are some of the best treats for snacking for your Golden Retriever: Farm Hounds Treats These treats have an impressively healthy ingredient list, and come from farms that use humane farming practices. The company even tells you exactly which farm your treats came from, which is pretty unique! Lamb Crunchys This single ingredient treat is a great snack for Golden Retrievers. Simple and nutritious — the perfect snack. Honest Kitchen Ocean Chews Another single ingredient treat — are you seeing a trend here?! The smell can be a little off-putting for our noses, but your dog will thank you for this delicious treat. Conclusion Healthy Treats and Finding a Balance Dog treats not only strengthen the bond between dogs and their owners, they can also come with some great health benefits. Knowing what to look for in a treat can be extremely important. Treats can also contain some of the ingredients commonly found in joint supplements like glucosamine and chondroitin. Be Cautious There are many commercially available treats on the market, and it can be difficult to know which is the healthiest for your dog. Even the lowest-calorie treats can cause weight gain if they are given in excess. It is a good idea to offer treats no more than two or three times a day. If he gains too much weight, it could be detrimental to his health! They can be commercially produced dog treats or can be as simple as the fruits and veggies in your kitchen! Here are some examples of healthy treats for your canine companion. Natural Dog Treats: Fruits and Vegetables Many of the fruits and vegetables that humans eat are healthy and safe to give to your dog. Below are just a few safe options to share with your dog. They can be served at room temperature or even frozen for a nice treat on a hot summer day, and they are an excellent source of antioxidants. Bananas Peeled bananas are also a sweet antioxidizing treat but have more natural sugars in them, so give these infrequently. Apples Apples are an excellent fiber source and can be given in small cut-up pieces, making sure to avoid the core and seeds. Important Be sure to avoid grapes and raisins which are toxic for dogs. The cause is unknown, but just one to three grapes can cause kidney failure in a dog. Vegetables Vegetables like greens beans and carrots are safe for dogs and are a great source of fiber. Leafy greens like kale are good sources of calcium, iron, and vitamins like A and C. These can be served chopped or steamed. Peas and cooked sweet potatoes are also great dog treats and are common components of most commercial dog foods. Important Dog owners should avoid mushrooms because some are toxic, and vegetables from the Allium family like onions, chives, and garlic can cause severe health problems like vomiting, diarrhea, and anemia. Veterinary Dog Treats Some dog treats can be purchased from your veterinarian, and most of these have a dual purpose because they are often recommended for health reasons. Dental Chews. Of course, you should! All dogs love to get a treat! Golden Retrievers especially are very motivated by food, which is why training them is so much easier when treats are involved. Treats are the only way to get her to move sometimes! When she gets stubborn and wants to eat something off the ground that is bad for her, or when she decides she wants to go another direction and just sits there, I need to use treats! Not all treats are created equal, and some are complete junk and unhealthy, those types of treats should be avoided. However, healthy treats that are low in fat and calories with real ingredients are safe and good to give your Golden. It is so easy to give in and overtreat your Golden Retriever, but you are doing more harm than good. Using treats to give your Golden affection is not a good idea. Golden Retrievers are food-obsessed, they will always be on the hunt for food and will always seem hungry. Many owners fall into this trap and tend to overtreat their Golden, causing them to become overweight, obese and diabetic. The treats that you feed your Golden Retriever should be included in the total calories given per day. It is important to remember that treats add up, no matter how small they are! To read more about the 10 percent rule check out this article from the American Kennel Club. What you feed your Golden Retriever plays a key role in helping your dog live a longer and healthier life. Ingredients When it comes to ingredients, the fewer there are the better! Some of the best treats consist of only one ingredient. Avoid Filler Ingredients Soy, wheat and corn are often found in commercial dog treats and should be avoided. They offer no nutritional value to your dog whatsoever. These ingredients are unfit for human consumption and should be avoided for your Golden Retriever too. If you see corn syrup on the ingredient list, avoid it at all costs! Xylitol is an artificial sweetener that is very toxic to dogs, it can cause liver failure, seizures, and death. Having a variety is good, and you can use treats for different things. Small treats or soft treats are great for training, and longer-lasting chew treats are great for when you need your dog to enjoy time alone in his crate. Allergies Many dogs have allergies to certain food ingredients, the most common allergies are to chicken and beef, but it takes a bit of trial and error to find out what your dog is allergic to. Treats that have limited ingredients or only one ingredient are best for dogs with food sensitivities. They are all-natural, safe and healthy to give your Golden Retriever. Honest Kitchen Ocean Chews Made from wild-caught fish, these chews are a healthier alternative to traditional rawhide chews. Although the smell may be unpleasant to our senses, your dog will appreciate this tasty treat. Ultimately, the best treats for your Golden Retriever will be determined by their tastes and needs. While many healthy and tasty dog treat options exist, some should be avoided. Here are some treats you should not give your golden retriever: Rawhide treats can be difficult for dogs to digest and pose a choking hazard if not properly chewed. Treats high in fat and calories: While a balanced diet is vital for your dog, treats should not account for a large portion of their caloric intake. High-fat, high-calorie treats can contribute to weight gain and other health problems. Always read the labels and ingredients of treats before giving them to your dog, and consult with your veterinarian if you have any concerns. As a responsible pet owner, you must exercise extreme caution when choosing treats for your golden retriever puppy. Consider a few key factors before making your decision. Avoid treats that contain added sugars or corn syrup, for example, as these can lead to health issues such as obesity. Similarly, avoid treats containing preservatives or artificial dyes, which have been linked to carcinogens. Consider the texture and size of the treat and the presence of filler ingredients, which can harm your puppy in the long run. When choosing treats for your puppy, prioritize their health by keeping these factors in mind. The Difference Between Low-Value And High-Value Treats Low-value treats are used for most training purposes, significantly when reinforcing commands your dog already knows, working in low-distraction areas, and walking down familiar streets. As low-cost treats, many trainers use regular dog food. The important thing is that your dog will consistently work for them. If you and your dog are dealing with a lot of distractions, or if your dog is having difficulty following commands, you may need to up the ante. Low-cost treats are tasty; high-cost treats are delectable. High-value treats are more appealing and are used in challenging situations to motivate and reward dogs better. Switch to high-value treats if your dog is responding slowly, not paying attention, or simply struggling to stay on task. It is critical to understand that dog treats are not the same as dog food and should not be used as a complete source of nutrition. While dog treats may taste better than dog food, they can disrupt nutrient balance and should be given in moderation. Excessive consumption can lead to serious health issues such as obesity and nutritional imbalances. Golden retriever puppies can be given three types of treats: high-value rewards, low-value training treats, and biscuits. High-value rewards are high in calories and should be reserved for exceptional circumstances. Low-cost training treats are smaller and contain fewer calories, making them ideal for workouts. Biscuits are dry and hard, have many calories, and can be used as a snack or on non-training days. Give your dog a treat and praise within seconds of asking for a behavior to help your dog associate the command with the behavior and reward. Give your dog a treat every time they obey your command during the learning phase. As your dog improves, only reward them for quick and perfect responses. Use a treat as a lure to position your dog when teaching a new skill. Remember that using a lure is only necessary when teaching a new command and should be stopped once your dog consistently obeys your request. Try different treats to see which ones your dog prefers, then switch them up to keep your dog interested. Pet your dog while giving the treat to make the reward even more valuable. This will help your dog associate your touch with the treat, making it even more rewarding. However, be careful to do it on the treats. As your dog becomes better at obeying commands, gradually reduce food rewards in favor of praise and sporadic treats. Keep your dog guessing to keep their motivation and enthusiasm for training. Here are some different types of training treat pouches to consider:. This will help you better understand what you should have in mind when you choose the treats you want your baby Golden to try. Size In most situations, size may not matter, but when it comes to picking treats for Golden Retriever puppies, it certainly does. While your Goldie will eventually be a good-sized dog , bigger treats are not a smart idea when they are pups. Large treats can be a choking hazard. They also take far longer to chew up when you are attempting to train. Your Goldie will make short work of treats designed for tiny puppies so look for treats that you feel your puppy will enjoy. Ingredients Quality ingredients in their food is the best way to start your Golden puppy out on the right foot. The same can be said for their treats. Instead, you want ingredients that provide lots of nutrition, vitamins, and minerals. Treats that are high in calories can cause your pup to pack on the pounds. Written by Melissa Gunter Author Melissa was born and raised in the mountains of East Tennessee where she spent her time writing in an old notebook and playing outside with her pets. As an avid animal lover, she has brought many into her home over the years. Currently, she is the mom of 5 fur babies. Her 2 cats, Princess and Pepper are total opposites who demand attention. Her dogs Jazzy, Whitey, and Demon are full of spunk and keep the entire family on their toes. Beyond life as an animal mom, Melissa is a dedicated wife and mother to 2 children. Writing in her old notebook led her down the path of becoming not only a freelance writer but a published Indie author under the pen name, Rena Marin.Read more Advertisement. You may need to experiment a bit to find something that works perfect for you and your dog depending on your training techniques, but there are a few requirements to keep in mind. First… If you ask for a behavior, and your dog complies, give them a treat immediately within seconds , along with lavish praise. Your dog will begin to associate the command with the wanted behavior and the treat. Then… While your dog is learning a behavior, give them a treat every single time they obey your command. As your dog becomes more proficient, you can become more picky, only rewarding them for a quick, perfect response. Lastly… If you are just starting out with a brand new skill, you will have to use your treat to lure your dog into position. Your dog will follow the treat with their eyes, usually sitting in the process. As soon as they sit, give them a treat and lots of praise. Just be sure to keep in mind that a lure is usually only necessary when teaching a new command, and should be discontinued once your dog is reliably complying with your request. The Difference Between Low-Value and High-Value Treats Low-value treats are used for most training applications, but especially when reinforcing commands your dog already knows, working in low-distraction areas, and walking on familiar streets. Many trainers use regular dog food as low-value treats. The important thing is that your dog will work for them reliably. If you and your dog are working through heavy distractions, or your dog is have trouble following commands, you may have to up the ante. High-value treats are more enticing, and are therefore used for challenging situations. Low-value treats are tasty — high-value treats are delicious. If your dog is responding sluggishly, not paying attention, or simply struggling to stay on task, switch to high-value treats to up their motivation. Make note of what really excites your dog and change it up accordingly so your dog never knows what to expect. Pet your dog when you give him a treat. Your dog will start to associate your touch with the reward, which will raise its value. If you are ever caught without food rewards, your touch will be enough. No need for a pudgy retriever. Phase out food rewards when your dog is nailing the command most of the time. Keep your dog guessing, but always offer praise for a job well done. Behaviors To Train Away There are some behaviors that you should be sure to consider training in your dog, even if its not yet a problem. Some behaviors can be avoided altogether by training early, so make sure to train against these techniques: Separation anxiety: Some dogs cannot deal with you being away all day, so you will want to train them to understand that you will come back. Socialization: Many dogs have a hard time getting along with other dogs and other animals. Socialize your dog from a young age to avoid this. Puppy socialization is especially important! Puppy classes for behavior training are a great idea for this. Grooming: Dogs in training should be taught how to behavior while being groomed. A good dog will have good behavior while in this stressful situation! Barking: Most owners expect that their well behaved dogs will not bark. Train your dog about when it is and when it is not okay to bark. Excessive barking can become a bad habit quickly, so make sure to teach your new puppy good manners. Here are our top recommended Anti-Barking devices to control excessive barking. Puppy training: You should get your puppy into an obedience training class from a young age with a good dog trainer. This will make sure they learn important commands and skills with you. Training your puppy takes time, so get help from the experts. Biting: If you are having a problem with your dog or puppy biting, it is important to get dog trainers involved as soon as possible. Work with them and your pooch to learn how to teach your dog that biting is not okay. All dogs have some discomfort at the vet, so take extra time with this. The veterinary is a scary place for them, too! Chewing: Many dogs, especially puppies, have problems with chewing on shoes, leashes, and more. Training your dog not to chew will save your sanity and save you money! Dogs in training classes tend to have less behavioral problems than a dog with little or no formal training. Dog behavior depends on more than dog owners, but all dogs should get some training. Remember this: Canine behavior can be very hard to understand. If your new dog has behavior problems or you are in need of dog training tips, considering hiring a professional dog trainer or behaviorist to help fix your problems. This is especially important if your dog is exhibiting serious aggression. High-value treats are the ones your dog will do anything for, and every dog will have their own preferences. Here are some great choices for distracting situations or rewarding your dog for going the extra mile when you are training a dog. No additives. Dogs go crazy for these biscuits, and if you mix them with low-value treats, your whole treat pouch will smell like liver. Your whole treat pouch will smell like liver. Is it worth it? Test them out on your dog and decide for yourself. We certainly think they are…and so will your dog! In conclusion Finding the best treats for golden retrievers can be tricky. You want them to have fun and be healthy at the same time. So, you need to consider all their preferences to make sure any food you give them will be a winner! Golden Retrievers are known to be quite picky when it comes to dog treats. This can make finding the best ones for your own pup more challenging than you might think. Check out these great options below and see if your retriever will love them as much as we know they will. There are so many choices when it comes to good dog treats, so it can be difficult to know which ones are right for your pet. Goldens love most kinds of food, but some things make them happier than others. This article will give you a few suggestions for choosing the perfect treats for your canine friend. And some breeds, like large Great Danes and Saint Bernards, have a higher risk of bloat if they regularly eat small pieces of hard chew toys. Another thing to consider is the ingredients in the treats you buy. Many common treats contain wheat, corn, or soy, all of which are common food allergens that could potentially cause an allergic reaction in your golden retriever. When you choose the best treats for golden retrievers you should consider their health history. Finally, you can also talk to your veterinarian about what they recommend. They can also give you advice on other things, like nutritional supplements or food options. Treats are a great way to reward your golden retriever for good behavior and give them a chance to burn off energy. Biscuits: Homemade biscuits are usually made with whole-wheat flour and oatmeal, but some commercial brands may have artificial ingredients added to them. Candy: Candy is an easy source of calories for your dog without adding too much fat or sugar which might upset their stomach. Chocolate chips or pieces of candy can provide a quick boost in energy for your pup during playtime or when he needs a little extra motivation to work harder at training sessions. There are some best treats for golden retrievers. In this blog post, I will be going over what to look for, the best treats for golden retrievers, and helpful tips. Safely air-dried ingredients deliver peak nutrition and a mouth-watering taste for the pickiest dogs. We believe that a holistic diet starts with only the best natural ingredients. Rooted in New Zealand culture, it is strongly in our role as guardians of the land and sea. The PeakPrey recipes are rich in meat and organs in authentic ratios, free from unnecessary carbohydrates. Proudly made by passionate Kiwis, nothing delights us more than crafting recipes that bring joy and peace of mind to pets and their guardians. These treats come in convenient, bite-sized pieces that are easy to train with. They can also be easily broken in half if you want to stretch them further. They have a limited ingredient list and are formulated as a complete dog diet so they are healthy and fun and tasty. These raw ingredients are all sourced from New Zealand farms and pristine oceans. Farmed without added hormones or antibiotics, the meals contain only omega-3 fatty acids from New Zealand salmon and krill oil from Antarctic krill. It helps support digestion, healthy skin and coat, joint health, reduce inflammation, and promote heart and brain health. You can break off bite-sized pieces to use for training, or give them whole if you prefer. These treats are healthy and natural, but made in the USA! Sugar is a common ingredient in most treats and it is sometimes unavoidable. However, when you look at them, these treats are completely safe and healthy. These treats are made of real jerky and smell and feel just like it. They come in a bag with a zipper closure to keep them fresh, and they can be broken into smaller pieces to make them last longer. They are rich in glucosamine and chondroitin for joint support and are completely digestible. No artificial flavors, chemicals, or preservatives These premium dog treats are made of only one ingredient, beef tendon. This tasty beef tendon is hand-inspected and packaged in the USA, so your dog can enjoy a good chew without worrying about preservatives, hormones, or chemicals. These beef tendons are a great treat for your dog. They contain no artificial colors or flavors. Instead of splintering or breaking into small pieces, they are safe and fully digestible. Dogs love them because they taste great! Made from real beef, these mini nibs provide your dog with a rich and healthy source of protein. These freeze-dried treats are simply delicious and perfect for training. They come in a variety of proteins: turkey, beef, chicken, duck, rabbit, and salmon. The Vital Essentials dog treat is made from limited ingredients and can provide a fun crunchy snack for Golden Retrievers who enjoy snacks with beef bits, vitamin E supplements, and zinc. These healthy snacks are freeze-dried, so they retain all their flavor and nutrients. This grain-free beef dog food is a complete and balanced diet made without added fillers, flavorings, artificial preservatives, or rendered by-products. This dry and lightweight raw dog food can be served as-is or mixed with other food for a meaty protein boost! This complete and balanced natural dog food is protein-packed and low in starch. These snacks do not contain soy, corn, or wheat as filler ingredients. These crunchy biscuit snacks are packed with deboned chicken as their main ingredient. Kitchen Bites start with real deboned meat, fruits, and vegetables for a crunchy and healthy treat for dogs. Unlike many biscuits, Kitchen Bites are grain-free and gluten-free. Made in the USA with no ingredients from China. The number 1 ingredient is deboned chicken, followed by real potatoes and peas. These specific treats come in small, bite-sized pieces, which are great for training. Every treat has just five calories and is high in protein, making it perfect for dogs with health problems, diabetes, allergies, gastrointestinal issues, or a restricted diet. The freezing process preserves the nutritional integrity of fresh RAW meals, by only extracting water. It is made with no artificial coloring, fillers, or sweeteners. Freeze-dried treats are a fantastic supplement to a RAW diet since they maintain many of the benefits of RAW without the trouble of keeping them cold. These jerky treats are made using chicken that is raised without antibiotics or steroids. These delicious, chewy treats are slow-cooked and packed with protein. You can feel confident that you are giving your dog a healthy, all-natural treat with True Chews. These treats are not long-lasting chews, because of their softness, therefore you may tear them into smaller pieces or let your dog enjoy the entire thing. Many reviewers mention how nice these treats smell, particularly for dogs that are finicky eaters. The first ingredient is real chicken. Chicken is raised without hormones or steroids, and this meal is free of corn, wheat, and soy. Furthermore, this meal contains no artificial flavors or preservatives, and it does not contain any animal by-products. If you are not pleased, we will refund your money. This product is available in 4-, , and pound sizes. Giving your Golden Retriever a treat is a great way to show him that you care. We all know how much our dogs love treats and we want to give them what they need, but should we? The answer is yes and no. If you are giving your dog a special treat, it should be something he enjoys and has earned themselves. Dogs do not respond well to rewards in this way and they will not learn anything from them. In conclusion There are many options to choose from when finding the best treats for golden retrievers. The following list is a compilation of the top 7 best treats for golden retrievers. These treats are ranked on their popularity as well as their effectiveness when training your dog. If you have a golden retriever, then you know how persistent these dogs can be. They are fast learners, and they are very food motivated. This makes them ideal candidates for treatment training. Thank you for visiting the site. If you found this information relevant, please click on the provided links to be directed to where you can purchase various best treats for golden retrievers. Anything To Add About Like this article about the best treats for golden retrievers article? Have a point of view to share? Let us know! Share your training tricks below! Please feel free to ask any questions you may have about purchasing a puppy, owning a dog, training, or anything else related to pets.

Females: pounds. Height Males: inches. Females: inches. Unlike most herding breeds, the German Shepherd was bred to move the herd and patrol and protect both the herd and the shepherd from outside dangers and predators. The test consisted of basic obedience commands such as sit, stay, and retrieve and also included a section where the dog had to attack on command. If the dog failed the test, he could not be bred. The results of the Schutzhund trial can be seen in the intelligent and versatile modern-day German Shepherd. Today, the German Shepherd has proven to be a very adaptable breed. They can do nearly anything, including protecting sheep, guarding homes, assisting the disabled, aiding the police in search and rescue missions, and, most importantly, loving and loyally serving their family. Breed Characteristics Head: Somewhat mesaticephalic to slightly dolichocephalic skull-type, moderate in size, somewhat long, yet wedge-shaped when viewed from above or in profile. It is in proportion to the rest of the body. The length of the head, from the tip of the nose to the occiput, is approximately equal to the length from the occiput to the withers. The topskull is broad, measured in front of the ears; it is as wide as it is long from occiput to stop. In profile, the forehead is just slightly arched never domed from the front or in profile. In profile, it may also appear as a straight-sloped plane. A furrow extending from the stop and up the center of the topskull may be absent or barely perceptible. The head is clean-cut without excess skin or wrinkles. Eyes: Moderate in size, oval to open almond in shape, and may be set slightly oblique. They are medium to dark brown in color. The eye rims are well-fitted and well-pigmented. The eyes should never be large and round or with exposed whites. The eyes are never bulging. There should be sufficient bone in the surrounding orbital sockets to protect the eyes. Ears: Medium in size, firmly erect, thick-leathered, and set high on the skull. When alert, they face forward, in repose, or in motion; they may be held back, neutral, or in a relaxed position. The ears are never long, overly large, tipped, drooped, rounded, or broken. Muzzle: The muzzle is long, full, broad, and deep, never snipy, weak, or boxy from pendulous flews. The upper and lower jaws are equal in length, have good bone substance, appear strong and well-developed, and are never snipey or weak. The nasal bridge is fairly straight. The muzzle is equal in length to the topskull. The jaws are powerfully developed and strong. Nose: The nose is well-pigmented and black or self-colored according to the coat in non-standard color varieties. The nostrils are well-opened and broad. Neck: Moderate length allows for a proud head carriage. Strongly muscled with a slight arch. The neck tapers smoothly from the deeper and broader body toward the head. The neck is clean-cut and without excess skin, throatiness, or dewlap. Chest: Deep and broad but never wider than deep. The forechest is well-developed yet not overly protrusive. Body: Strong, deep, of good substance, and powerfully muscled. The body should allow for strength, agility, stamina, and endurance. The body is never light, weedy, racy, rangy, heavy, or refined. The width at the forequarters is approximately equal to the width at the hindquarters. Feet: Oval to round, compact, with well-arched toes and tough pads. Tail: Set neither high nor low on the croup. It is thick at the base and tapering toward the tip. It is of a medium length, with the tip of the last vertebrae extending to the hock joints or lower when held down. The tail may be straight, gently curved, or curved toward the tip. Movement: The original function of the German Shepherd required that the dog be capable of trotting tirelessly and effortlessly for long distances, as well as allowing for power and agility. Therefore, the German Shepherd must exhibit healthy trotting action. Therefore, a standard trot will be favored over the over-extended flying trot. The characteristics of a healthy structure are evident. When moving away, the forelegs and rear pasterns should remain parallel to one another. When viewing movement from the front, the forelegs should remain parallel, with elbows and paws moving neither in nor out. From the rear, the back pads should be visible when the rear legs are extended. As speed increases, the forelimbs and hindlimbs will converge to the center line of gravity. From the side, the topline should remain firm and level. Good reach of movement in the front allows the forepaw to extend out in line with the nose. When extended, the width between the forefeet should be approximately equal to the width between the hindfeet when extended, indicating balance, good reach, and a good drive. Dogs that exhibit any sign of breathing or locomotive difficulty shall be disqualified from the show ring. Temperament: The German Shepherd breed is strong-nerved, fearless, self-assured, self-composed, confident, watchful, poised, and alert when necessary. They should never be timid, shy, nervous, anxious, or overly fearful including fear-aggressive. The breed is physically capable of speed, power, agility, and endurance and is self-aware enough to know their capabilities and limits. This offers them a great deal of confidence. The German Shepherd is an extremely intelligent breed, capable of learning and discerning many tasks and activities. Any unprovoked aggressive or fearful behavior toward people is incorrect for this breed. The ideal body-height-to-length ratio is approximately , with the body exceeding the height by percent. The body is deep, of good substance, and solid in bone. The German Shepherd is always presented in a hard-working condition. Males should appear masculine, being more substantial in size and mass, while females should appear more feminine and slightly less substantial. Neither should lack overall type. The weight of a male or female is always in proportion to height. The intermediate-sized German Shepherd excels at physically demanding tasks. Head General Appearance: Somewhat mesaticephalic to slightly dolichocephalic skull-type, moderate in size, somewhat long, yet wedge-shaped when viewed from above or in profile. Expression: Confident, keen, noble, watchful, and anticipating. Stop: The stop is sloping yet definite and never overly pronounced or sharp. Skull: The ideal muzzle-to-skull ratio is , with the topskull being equal in length to the muzzle. The ideal muzzle-to-skull axis is parallel or may be just slightly convergent. Lips or Flews: The lips are clean and fit tightly over the teeth and jaws, revealing the wedged shape of the strongly defined muzzle. The lips are never loose or pendulous. The lips and flews are well-pigmented. Cheeks: Powerfully muscled, giving substance to the face, but never excessively protrusive. The cheeks should not appear chiseled or coarse. Dentition and Bite: Forty-two strong, clean, and white teeth. The bite may be level, scissor, or reverse-scissor. Contact must be made between the top and bottom incisors. Missing or broken teeth due to routine work are not to be penalized. Body and Tail General Description: Strong, deep, of good substance, and powerfully muscled. Topline: Straight and level from slightly prominent withers to loin. The back is broad, strongly muscled, and straight, yet supple. The loin is taut and may be flat and level preferred or just slightly sloped yet supportive. Croup: Broad and long. It may be somewhat flat and level with the back or just slightly and gently sloped, no more than 23 degrees to the horizontal. Underline: There may be a slight tucked-up present or level to the horizon. The underline is taut and firm, without any indication of sagging or excess weight. Ribs: Long, well-sprung, well-laid-back, oval-shaped, and never barrel-chested or slab-sided. Forequarters and Hindquarters Forequarters: The forequarters are always balanced with the hindquarters and well-angulated with well-laid-back shoulder blades. The shoulder blades are approximately equal in length to the upper arm and forearm. Elbows: The elbows are close to the body. The distance from the withers to the brisket may be equal to or greater than the distance from the elbows to the ground. Forelegs: Frontal View: Straight, of good muscle, of solid bone, and parallel to one another. Side View: The forelimbs appear straight with strong pasterns. Pasterns: Never weak or broken. Hindquarters: The upper and lower thighs are equal in length, strong, sturdy, of solid bone, and well-muscled. Rear View: When viewed from the rear, the rear pasterns are parallel to one another. Side View: Good angulation will allow the rear toes to align with the point of the rump or within one to two paw-lengths behind the point of the rump, with the rear pasterns remaining perpendicular to the ground and parallel to one another. An unexaggerated German Shepherd dog should be capable of standing in a traditional stack used for any other working breed, with both rear pasterns set naturally under the dog, parallel to one another. Preference is given to dogs capable of stacking naturally in a traditional stack as opposed to the GSD stack. Good angulation will allow the rear toes to align with the point of the rump, or within one paw-length behind the point of the rump, with both rear pasterns remaining perpendicular to the ground and parallel to one another. Stifle Joint: Well-angulated with a good bend to well-let-down rear pasterns. Angulations: The angulation of the hindquarters is always in balance with the angulation of the forequarters. Coat Skin: Well-fitted, yet supple. The skin should never obstruct the outline of the dog. Coat Type: The German Shepherd comes in two coat varieties: the standard smooth coat and the long coat. Smooth-coat variety: Very dense, harsh, close-fitting outer coat. Soft, dense undercoat. Short on the head, face, ears, and front of the legs, paws, and toes. The hair is slightly longer on the backside of the legs, forming moderate "trousers," and on the neck, forming a slight ruff. Long-coat variety: Dense, soft, long guard hairs, forming fringe on ears, tail, and legs, forming bushy trousers on the backside of haunches. Short on head, face, the front side of legs, paws, and toes. Longer on the coat, nearly forming a mane. Coat Color or Pattern: CKC recognizes three color varieties of the German Shepherd breed: the standard, the nonstandard, and the white. Standard coat color variety: Solid black, black saddle with tan, black with tan points, black with running or creeping tan, all shades of agouti, wolf-sable, all shades of sable, fawn, all with or without reserved black mask. Non-standard coat color variety: Liver, blue, brindle, brindled tan, brindled tan points, fawn with liver, or blue mask. Any of the standard or non-standard varieties with or without white markings Panda. White: Solid white with black points. Movement The original function of the German Shepherd required that the dog be capable of trotting tirelessly and effortlessly for long distances, as well as allowing for power and agility. Temperament The German Shepherd breed is strong-nerved, fearless, self-assured, self-composed, confident, watchful, poised, and alert when necessary. Faults All dogs should be in proper healthy condition, free from disease or defect. Any departure from this description is considered a fault. Unless altered, all male dogs should have two fully descended testicles. We have two custom built whelping rooms where the puppies are raised from birth until they leave for their new homes. Our German Shepherd Puppies are raised in clean, comfortable conditions. We believe that happy moms create sound tempered puppies. We begin accepting deposits on puppies upon breeding of the litter, and litters are typically reserved within a few weeks of their birth. New puppy owners are welcome to visit their puppy once they reach weeks of age. We provide weekly photo updates on the page below until the puppies leave for their new homes. Puppies are chosen by their new owners in order of deposit, once they have been for their veterinary checkup. We provide guidance in matching the right puppy with the right family. Parents of our litters are titled in conformation or obedience, or actively working on their titles. Visitors are always welcome to come and meet the parents prior to leaving a deposit on a litter. Feel free to check out some of our previous litters in our Gallery. Retired Champion show dog. Crate trained, travels well, some house training. Good manners in the home. All puppies should be short coated. Inquiries welcome! Sel Ch. Those who have placed a deposit on a litter come before the waitlist, but if the litter is born, and there are still puppies available in it, we will begin contacting the names on our waitlist. Unless you are an experienced GSD owner or have had many dogs in the past where you have raised them with proper care in regards to exercise and mental stimulation then I would reconsider your choice. In fact despite providing both of those things, you may still need to be prepared to consult a behaviourist should things go sideways and you need to be able to put in the hours to train your dog. Most GSD I meet are untrustworthy around smaller animals. This makes them poor dogs at off leash parks in general, due to the harm they may cause other dogs. So that begs the question -- where will you exercise your very high energy dog if this happens? Heck I know a few GSD -- including a police dog!! The GSD can also become extremely shy and where shyness comes into play means you can get fear based aggression as well. So you have potential aggression issues coming from a few angles. One of my dogs is terrified of the breed due to multiple poor experiences and will bark at any GSD she meets, despite loving every other type of larger dogs.I've seen even large dogs afraid of the GSD breed. It really says something about the breed to me; that so many dogs pick up on the intent of multiple animals after repeated dangerous encounters and they must learn to avoid and be fearful of it as a whole. Even the nice ones get a bad rap, unfortunately. Due to their reputation many people will completely freak out around such dogs, going as far as crossing the street or not taking the same elevator etc. Personality aside, they're also prone to many many issues besides hip dysplasia. And their shedding should win awards, don't think I've meet another breed that sheds quite so much. You would need to vacuum daily. Legal system is quite a bit different in Canada in from 90's Carribean. If you ever command your dog to attack anyone, it counts as assault with weapon. Just avoid the hassle and have a friendly, trustworthy not just by you, but also by others around you dog. Showing 1 - 26 of 26 resultsPage 1 - 26 results Sort by Your listing deserves to be on top. CKC purebred registration is available if you wish to.Family friendly orientated style. Our dogs are large, with a high croup rear end. We try to breed our dogs for health and longevity.They are friendly and good with children. They are black, tan and redish. Our German Shepherds are eager to learn, easy to train, Puppies have been vet checked, all vaccines, tattooed, wormed and CKC registered, Puppies will be suitable for show, Puppies have been vet checked, all vaccines, tattooed, wormed and CKC registered, Puppies will be suitable.Dad is not.We have 4 females and 2 males One male and 1 female up for your consideration. Mom is an all black with.Ready for their forever home October 8th. They will be CKC registered, microchipped and first set of shots before going to their new home. We have 1 more female that need a home. Pups have been vet checked, have first shots, dewormed and.Visit Website Below to Order Now! We are a reputable breeder with high quality dogs and experience with the breed for over 30 years. We have a stunning litter of 11 registered liver and Isabella German shepherd puppies. Sire is a CKC.He came from a reputable breeder. No health issues and up to date with his vaccination. He is.Browse other categories in All Categories in Ontario.

I am familiar with common and uncommon health problems they may face so when my boyfriend and I decided we were ready to adopt our own english puppy finding a reputable breeder that prioritizes health was most important to us. Erica and Mitch of Bruiser Bulldogs are just that. They are experienced, ethical and quality breeders. I was referred to them by my friend that I trust after I saw their gorgeous healthy puppy. Our Puppy Primrose is the light of our lives! Bruisers was there to assist us every step of the way. We would highly recommend Bruisers Bulldogs to anyone looking for their own happy, healthy pup! Leah H. We were lucky to have come across Bruiser Bulldogs and even more so the fact that they were near our family and hometown made it even better. We have had Clementine Callie for four months now, and she is a wonderful dog. Her personality is amazing, and I think part of it is breeding and the other part is Erika and her family lovingly raising the puppies in their home with plenty of attention and snuggles. I also was impressed that, rather than send the puppies out right at 8 weeks, Erika kept ours for a few extra weeks because she was tiny and not read to leave her mom yet. It's that care that differentiates Bruisers from other breeders. Emily R. Erica was easy to work with thru the entire process from application to adopting and now beyond as we host our new family member, Chief. Her on-call support and willingness to provide open, honest advice to all of our questions and concerns continues to be appreciated. We would highly recommend Bruiser Bulldogs to anyone looking for an English Bulldog to join their family. Elizabeth W. Lady L. They are experienced, responsive and knowledgeable about all things bulldog related. They went above and beyond for us and are truly dedicated to all of their pups! We love our little girl so much and would recommend Bruiser to anyone looking for a healthy beautiful bully. Jonathan E. Erica and Mitch are trustworthy, excellent communicators, fair, passionate, and produce the best bulldogs. We were at the top of the waiting list for months and Erica reached out every litter to see if we were finally ready for a bulldog. When we were, she was very easy to work with. Her knowledge on bulldogs is outstanding. We had many questions on the process and she always knew what was best for the puppy. We've had Penny formerly Blair for two months and she is very healthy, energetic, playful, and sweet. She is great with other people and dogs. We are so happy with our pup. When we are ready for bulldog 2, we will only consider Bruiser Bulldogs. Mitch C. Bowser was born April and is an integral part of our family. When we were first exploring English Bulldog breeders our biggest concern was the overall health of the dogs. We decided to work with Erica at Bruiser Bulldogs because we liked their focus on improving the breeds breathing abilities and the fact that the puppies are raised within her family environment before coming home with their new owners. Bowser also breaths clearly and our vet was impressed with his overall health from the moment we brought him home. All that said we know English Bulldogs have a predisposition to many health issues and that his current health can not predict the future. With that In mind its important to start with a breeder that open to answer any of your questions as Erica has ours, and that strongly believes in improving the breeds overall health profile. Adam B. My sister ended up finding Bruiser Bulldogs and we knew right away that they were the breeder for us. In September we ended up driving 9 hours to pick up two Bruiser bulldog puppies- one for my husband and I and one for my mom. Jackson and Penelope have been nothing but a joy. They are both very athletic and healthy. They are also HUGE snugglers and always want to be with you. It is an absolute pleasure having these two bullies in our lives! Erica is very knowledgeable about the breed. She is very hands on throughout the process and is just overall a kind and honest person to work with. With all that being said I cannot recommend Bruiser Bulldogs enough! Collyn C. One of the reasons we chose Bruiser Bulldogs was due to the claims about breeding for health. During our first visit at our vet's office, he told us that our pup was one of the healthiest English bulldogs he had ever seen. He is healthy, happy and social. Would recommend to anyone. Christina S. We seen our dog on their website and sent them an Email. Mitch called us and personally walked us through the process and made sure we had the right dog for our family. We couldn't be happier when we picked up our dog Ramsey, Erica made sure we had everything we needed and then some. They are truly amazing people who breed truly amazing dogs! Jim T. At BigBullDogs. We offer the best service for purchasing the perfect bulldog puppies, and we have quality studs that have set us apart as the top breeders for bulldogs. Whatever it is that you need regarding these beautiful bullies, this is the right place for you. Here are the varieties we have; What You Need to Know About English Bulldogs English Bulldogs are very distinct from the other breeds of bulldogs and are the more prevalent breed. These sturdy, muscular dogs have a cute waddle walk that directly results from their short, stubby legs. The English bulldog also has a flat-looking face, dark and low set eyes, massive and broad jaws, and fleshy cheeks and lips that give it that signature pouty and droopy look. Its short neck, thick shoulders, and barrelled chest, slightly arched back make it one breed that you can easily identify anywhere. Our standard Male English bulldogs are inches and weigh an average of 50 pounds, while the Female English bulldogs weigh about 40 pounds. All our English bulldogs have the finest textured coats and healthiest skin with a variety of colour patterns. Whether you pick a male English bulldog or female English bulldog from us, you can be assured of their wonderful demeanor and gentle disposition. The AKC recognizes over dog breeds and rated the Bulldog as 2 for the best family dog breed. They are incredible family dogs but not the best watch dogs these days. The last nine decades of domestication has turned them into couch potatoes, considerably different from their original genetic breeding that made them perfect for Bull Baiting. Nevertheless they are fantastic at lying on the couch and giving you the stink eye when you disturb their rest. Quick Guide to French Bulldogs French bulldogs were named for their origin story, which says that they were a breed of English toy bulldogs and several unidentified dog breeds. They have distinct features that make them stand out against their English counterparts, such as their pointy, bat ears. French bulldogs are small, cute dogs that are very playful and perfect for being a home pet. Regardless of whether you pick the male french bulldogs or the female French bulldogs , you get a pet that is calm, attentive, attention-loving, and a partner to you and your kids. The male french bulldog is an estimated 12 inches in height and 25 pounds in weight. On the other hand, the female french bulldog is about 11 inches and 20 pounds. The male french bulldogs are usually a bit more muscular than females and have larger heads. However both are equally affectionate and super family oriented. Not to be outdone by their British Bulldog cousin, the female french bulldogs also made the Top 10 Best Family Dog breeds list in .Looking to Adopt Bulldogs? We are here to help! How much do Bulldog puppies cost? The beauty of looking for a Florida Bulldog on our network is having a lot of options! Not only will you have a better chance of finding the exact puppy you want but also at the price is within your budget. What if there are no Bulldog breeders near me? Our network of English Bulldog breeders in Florida is growing by the day so we are confident that you will meet someone with your dream puppy. We can help you search across the Lower 48 states then your chosen breeder can arrange to have you pick up your new puppy at a major airport in Florida. What is the vetting process for Bulldog breeders? All the breeders and businesses on our network went through a strict screening process where we took a close look at their experiences, knowledge in breeding, practices, and facilities. Why is Florida Puppies different from other networks with Bulldog puppies? Many websites are not careful about who they work with making it easy for puppy mills to take advantage of people who are looking for an English Bulldog puppy Florida. Florida Puppies was designed to prevent this from happening. All the Bulldog breeders Florida that you meet here are ethical businesses who take good care of their puppies until the day you take them home. What is a puppy mill like? In puppy mills, dogs are forced to breed their entire lives. Puppies from these places often run a higher risk of developing genetic health issues because their parents are poorly matched. When looking for an English Bulldog puppy for sale Florida, avoid puppy mills with cheap offers at all costs! Are there any Bulldog puppies for sale in Florida right now? What kind of dog is a Bulldog? English Bulldogs were first bred in the s to fight in a horrendous sport called bull-baiting. When the violent sport was banned, these fearless dogs switched careers to driving cattle and their aggressive tendencies were eventually bred out. Today, Bulldogs are pampered pooches who love to lounge all day. There are two knowns lines of this breed -- English and American -- and there is some difference between the two in terms of build. Our network can help you find English or American bulldog puppies Florida. How big does a Bulldog get? What is Bulldog temperament like? Bulldogs are classified as medium-sized and can reach a weight of pounds. They have a stocky build, low bodies, heavy chests, and hefty limbs. Bulldogs are typically low energy but they need daily exercise to stay healthy. They are sweet in nature and are quite friendly. And though these dogs are very brave, they no longer carry the aggression that their ancestors used to possess. Are Bulldogs good for apartments? How does Florida Puppies work? When you search our network for a Bulldog for sale in Florida, we will introduce you to a list of breeders in your city or state who are likely to have puppies ready for rehoming. When you find the Bulldog puppy that you like, contact the breeder, work out the details or pay them a visit! Bulldog's Available!

Breeders VS. The sad truth is that many pet store purchased pups actually come from puppy mills. Basically, there is zero authenticity with pet stores. When it comes to adopting any animal from a pet store, there is an increased risk of unforeseen health or genetic problems. You also cultivate a life-long relationship with the breeder, meaning support is available to you anytime you may need it. With My Golden Retriever Puppies , you have the option to come and visit both the puppy and the breeder in person! Golden Retrievers are an adaptable breed, meaning they are better at adapting to seasonal changes and various types of climate than certain other breeds. Goldens sport a double-coat, which ensures that these sweet pups are able to tolerate slightly colder temperatures than their friends from other breeds. Your pup deserves better than that, which is why here at My Golden Retriever Puppies , we ensure high-quality care is taken of your pet at all times. For more about the true price of a golden retriever puppy, you can read our full price breakdown here. Location Information for Mississippi Customers Our home office is located in Ohio, but we understand that long-distance travel can be inconvenient. If you prefer to meet a breeder in person, they may be able to offer private visits at their home. Of course! Here at My Golden Retriever Puppies , we value family and authenticity, which is why we always guarantee our pups through our 2-year genetic health guarantee. Like adopting a Golden Retriever from a pet store, there is an increased risk when adopting a pup from a rescue center or shelter as well. For example, pups purchased through a shelter or rescue center are far less likely to come with the kinds of health guarantees and reassurances that a breeder can provide. What type of Golden Retrievers are sold in Mississippi? We have some good news! Ready to make your Golden Retriever dreams come true? Take a look at our convenient list of available puppies. How do I know which breeders to trust in Mississippi? Our independent network of trusted breeders have already been pre-screened and verified, so that you can focus on what really matters: choosing your dream puppy. Be the first to know when we have new puppies! All Rights Reserved. Share 0 Shares The beautiful state of Mississippi has brought with it some rich cultural heritage to the United States. It is considered the birthplace of modern-day blues, the home to the great Mississippi River, and the Vicksburg National Military Park. People from far and wide flock into the Magnolia state to experience this rich deep-rooted American Heritage. If you happen to be one of these people relocating to Mississippi, or perhaps you happen to reside there, then getting a dog would definitely be a great addition to your stay. The Golden Retriever would be the perfect dog for you, its beautiful temperament, high intelligence, and playful energy could make your stay in the Magnolia state a lot more worthwhile. Getting a Golden Retriever should be done the right way, from a reputable breeder. A breeder that cares about the well-being and health of the parent, A breeder that has shown great interest in improving the beautiful canine breed. With that being said, this article highlights the most reputable Golden Retriever breeders in Mississippi. These breeders are well known and trusted when it comes to producing great quality Golden Retrievers of sound temperament and health that make perfect family companions. Located on a very large acre property in Morton, Fairchild Farms are dedicated to sharing their love of the Golden Retriever breed with the world. They do this by breeding top-quality Golden Retrievers with sound temperament and health. All their Golden Retriever dogs are bred in accordance with the stipulations of the American Kennel Club standards on what a good breeder should be. Their sires and dams hail from championed lines with awesome, impressive pedigrees. They ensure this by performing extensive research into each dog being considered. Before adding a Golden Retriever to the breeding program, they perform a series of extensive detailed checks and tests to be sure that each Golden Retriever is fit for their program. They also carry out checks for hips and elbow dysplasia as well as eyes and heart checks. The health of each litter is their top priority and that is why they are so detailed and thorough in their breeding program. Every Golden Retriever pup is raised on the farm in clean and comfortable kennels with enough rooms for the pups to run, play and call their own. They are allowed to socialize with each other as well as with other adults and kids of varying age groups. They are also exposed to a wide variety of experiences, including textures and sounds that could help them better in transitioning into their new families and environments. They are showered with love and well-fed with a high-quality feed. Every pup comes with a copy of their AKC papers, is well vaccinated, potty and crate trained , has their deworming records updated, and is thoroughly examined by a well-licensed and reputable vet.

If you can only afford one grooming brush in your kit, then the undercoat rake brush is it! The wide pins ease their way through knots and soften coats by removing the dead hair. Undercoat rake tools are so safe and gentle you will use them daily. My GSD prefers the rake tool to all the other grooming tools. I have two — one by the back door for brushing in the yard and one in my waist pack for dog walks brushing outdoors means less fur in the house. Use a rake brush with an easy-to-grip handle to avoid letting the brush slip and fall on your dog. Try this undercoat rake brush which promotes a lustrous coat while gently lifting dead hair. The Zoom Groom brush works great for getting shampoo and conditioner onto the skin of thick-coated German Shepherds. Massaging bristles work through deep undercoats to work products into the coat and hair without discomfort. With gentle rubber tips, this tool is also perfect for dry brushing German Shepherd puppies! The wet and dry brush is a convenient tool to keep on hand for times when you need both a brush in the bath and after the bath. The dual-sided pin brush allows you to comb through thick areas of fur and offers your dog gentle brushing for longer grooming sessions. First, remember to brush through the coat with the pin side to loosen and remove dead hair. The pin brush works best after using the undercoat rake since the undercoat rake removes so much fur first. This is the pin and bristles brush that professional groomers prefer to use. The metal comb is great for clumped hair and providing fine debris removal. Use this inexpensive, durable Andis metal comb because it glides through the fur without harming the skin. What do I mean? Try it for yourself. The glove is embedded with soft rubber tips that remove tangles, massage the skin, and is generally well-tolerated and even enjoyed by German Shepherd puppies. But, you should have the right tools on hand since your German Shepherd puppy will lose their puppy coat soon. Their adult coats will grow in quicker than you think! The adult coat that grows in generally begins to show in his tail and the middle of his back first but will continue to change at 5 and 6 months old. This avoids later stress once you brush them with the grooming glove less frequently or their coats need a more in-depth brushing. Some GSD owners overlook routine care for their dogs. Benefits of brushing your German Shepherd: Regular brushing prevents excessive hair-drop onto your floors, furniture, and clothes source. Grooming acts as a light massage and brushing is a natural way to release stress for your pet. Less stress helps your dog feel relaxed and happy source. Brushing is a time for bonding! Use your time while brushing your German Shepherd to talk to your pet and increase your bond. This allows the skin to breathe. It helps relax your dog. A relaxed dog is a happy dog. Talk to your dog in a soothing tone. Here are the brushing tips that will help you the most: Use a grooming spray to help tease out clumps. A light spray before brushing also gives the fur more slip, so that your tools glide easier. Use long, smooth strokes. This is uncomfortable for your pet and damages their skin. A metal comb is the best tool for detailed areas. Like the face, ears, and paws. Use small strokes to pull out the debris and make sure the hair is smooth. Look for signs of fleas and ticks or bite marks. Feel for lumps and bumps. Check with your vet and seek help when you find these items. Develop a routine for properly brushing your German Shepherd. Include a supplement to decrease shedding that also improves coat and skin health. Grooming a German Shepherd is simple and fuss-free when you find the best brushes for their thick, double coats and sensitive skin. It also helps to know simple steps to make grooming your GSD easier on your dog, and less stressful for you. With the right tools for the job, your work will be quicker and your Shepherd happier! Learning how to brush a German Shepherd puppy or dog is easy when you know the right way and have the right tools. Want to know how to reduce shedding even more than brushing alone? Then you need to read this helpful article to know how you can help decrease shedding in your German Shepherd for a healthier, happier companion. She has a Bachelor of Science degree, with Honors, and has been training dogs for over a decade. Related Posts. Choose a dog toothbrush and a dog toothpaste in a flavor your GSD enjoys. Allow your dog to lick some of the tasty toothpaste off of the brush, then brush its teeth in small circles. Ask your vet about offering your GSD dental treats. If your GSD has very waxy or itchy ears, it might benefit from regular ear cleanings. Squeeze a few drops of canine ear cleaning drops into each ear, as per the product instructions. Massage the base of each ear for several seconds, then wrap a soft cloth around your finger. Not all dogs need their ears cleaned regularly. In fact, unnecessarily introducing fluids into the ears during cleaning could increase the risk of an ear infection. Look for any swelling, redness, or excessive discharge—if you notice any of these, contact your vet. Clean any minor discharge near the inside corners of the eyes by gently wiping with a dampened cloth. Contact your vet if the discharge or staining seems excessive. Use either a guillotine-style clipper or a nail grinder, depending on your preference. All rights reserved. This image may not be used by other entities without the express written consent of wikiHow, Inc. Just wipe it with a clean, damp cloth. Dry your GSD with warm towels as soon as the bath is done. Bathing a GSD more frequently than is needed will strip away the natural oils that protect its coat. If your GSD remains properly groomed, it should never need a haircut. A haircut should only be considered if the undercoat has severe and widespread mats or tangles, or if the dog must undergo surgery or another medical treatment that requires bare skin. German Shepherd Grooming German Shepherd Grooming Originally bred for herding and now often chosen to be police dogs, the German Shepherd are renowned for their courage, loyalty, intelligence and for how well they take to training. German Shepherds have such beautifully thick coats that they without a doubt need to be well-groomed regularly. The undercoat, plush layer of their fur is a thick layer, whilst the outer layer is harsher to keep them protected from all of the elements. Shop our double-coat bathing products here. Your German Shepherd should be brushed times a week, eradicating any loose, dead hairs and keeping the fur soft and shiny. Like other breeds, you should be careful of overbathing your German Shepherd, too many baths can cause dry, irritated skin which leaves them exposed to other health issues. With the German Shepherd breed you should also be checking their paws and claws at least once a week, otherwise you could be leaving your pup prone to injury. This is often only necessary every few months, for a dog that has healthy skin and a healthy coat. Start by making sure your German Shepherd is comfortable, get them to lay down without their collar. From their neck take a slick brush and run it down the course of its back, all the way to their tail, in the direction that his coat grows. Repeat this until little to no hair is shedding through the bristles. Get your German Shepherd to roll on their side, brush their belly gently only ever going with the grain. Interweave these regular brushes with a more indepth, intense deshedding brush to make sure you leave no loose hairs on their undercoat that could matt and cause them problems.

Bernedoodles are known for their outgoing personalities and their ability to get along well with other dogs and people. They are also highly intelligent and trainable, making them ideal pets for families with children. Bernedoodles typically inherit the best qualities of both the Bernese Mountain Dog and the Poodle, resulting in a dog that is loyal, affectionate, and low-shedding. If you are looking for a canine companion that will bring joy to your life, a Bernedoodle is the perfect choice. Bernedoodle Puppies Health Considerations Though generally very healthy and long-lived — with an average lifespan of around 12 to 15 years — our Bernedoodles for sale are not without their unique health concerns. Like every breed of dog, there are a few conditions you should be aware of before you consider purchasing one of our Bernedoodle puppies for sale. Understanding the risks allows you to know the signs and prevent small health concerns from turning into big ones. While these conditions can be serious, they can often be managed with proper veterinary care. Finding a Bernedoodle puppy for sale from a reputable breeder can dramatically — although, not eliminate — the risk of your dog developing some of these conditions. While this coat may be beautiful, it does require some special care to keep it looking its best. The first step in coat care is to brush your Bernedoodle regularly. This will help to remove any dead hair and prevent mats and tangles from forming. It is also important to give your dog regular baths, using a gentle shampoo that is designed for dogs with sensitive skin. Meet Bernedoodle Puppies for Sale. Breed Title Mini Bernedoodle Temperament While Mini Bernedoodles are famous for their high energy and willingness to go on adventures with their owners, they make extremely versatile pets. If you adopt one of our Mini Bernedoodle puppies for sale, be prepared for a loyal companion — with moderate exercise needs — who will want to follow you around wherever you may go! Ideal for families, the Mini Bernedoodle develops particularly strong bonds with small children. Known for its loving and protective nature, our Mini Bernedoodle puppies for sale will quickly develop a lifelong bond with your child — filled with hours of play and adventures. Mini Bernedoodle Health Considerations When it comes to health, the Mini Bernedoodle breed is robust and enjoys relatively high longevity — with an average lifespan of 12 to 15 years. However, like all dog breeds, your Mini Bernedoodle puppy has its own unique health considerations to keep in mind prior to adoption. At Keystone Puppies , we take care to breed dogs with the highest standards of ethical integrity—free of common congenital defects. To learn more, read about the Keystone Puppies Health Guarantee! Dogs with straighter coats may trigger allergies. One of the most popular features of our Mini Bernedoodle puppies for sale is the curly coil they inherit from their Poodle parent. Hypoallergenic , these dogs are ideal for owners with allergies who may not be able to tolerate a purebred Bernese Mountain Dog. While you should brush your Mini Bernedoodle puppy at least two to three times a week—to ensure fur its coat stays healthy, shiny and unmatted— it is not recommended that you bathe your pup more than once a month, as the soap strips away vital natural oils that keep skin healthy and moisturized. All our Mini Bernedoodles for sale come in a variety of coat color combinations including black and brown, black and white, white and brown and all black. Meet Mini Bernedoodle Puppies for Sale.

Exercise Grooming The pug has origins majorly from China and Netherland. The Modern pugs are imported from China; the earliest breeds have also been known to originate from there. However, the pugs have a history with royal families in the Netherlands and England. The Modern style pugs were brought in to Britain in from China. The pugs were tended by the ruling families in China. The imperial court kept pugs because they were treasured by the Emperors who assigned guards to protect them while they the pugs lived in extravagance. Keeping pugs in Europe started at the House of Orange in the Netherlands. The pug became the official pug of the house after it saved the Prince of Orange from Assassins. Although these pugs were said to have been brought from China, the pugs from Europe at that time, as seen in pictures depict longer legs and nose. The pugs became prominent in the United States in the nineteenth century. They easily became family companions and show dogs. They became recognized by the American Kennel Club in .This occurred in , it was the first time a pug would be winning the show since it began. The pug would do anything to please its owners this is what makes them suitable to keep in many homes. Their loyalty is unwavering, they do well with children their calmness and sturdy physique allows them to tolerate children easily. Their Alertness makes them good security dogs but they are not predominantly used for security purposes. Pugs are stubborn, but this does not transform into aggressive manners. The pug thrives indoors. It is usually kept close to families that own it. It is classified by most Kennel Clubs as a toy dog. Despite their adaptation to heat, pugs cannot thrive well outdoors in hot and humid regions Pugs do not require high-intensity exercises; however moderate exercising will be sufficient. A reserved and reasonable amount of space for the dog to move around is ideal. The pugs have a fine coat that is sufficient to protect them from heat and cold. Maintaining a pug has low requirements. However, wrinkles and eyes have to be cleaned daily. Our Pugs puppies for sale come from either USDA licensed commercial breeders or hobby breeders with no more than 5 breeding mothers. We only purchase puppies from the very best sources, and we stand behind every puppy we sell. Pug Puppies for Sale. Why Is My Dog Shaking? Dogs are known for their loyalty and companionship, but when they start shaking, it can be a cause for concern for pet owners. Shaking in dogs can be a sign of various issues, from dog anxiety and dog fear to dog medical conditions. In this blog post, we will explore the common causes of a dog shaking and what pet owners can do to identify and treat the problem. We will also offer tips for preventing dog shaking and ensuring.By doing regular grooming at home, you can help your dog look its best between visits to the groomer. You also get to bond more closely and build stronger trust with your dog. Routine grooming sessions will keep your dog clean and feeling fresh, but it will also.Their personality is lively, their nature fun-loving, and their disposition affectionate. As even-tempered, sweet, and playful dogs, Pugs make wonderful playmates for kids of all ages and lovely companion pets for couples, singles, and seniors. These little joy bringers love to cuddle and are generous with their Pug love. When it comes to their family, Pugs attach like magnets. They are known to happily shadow their humans in every activity and are just as happy lazing on the couch all day as they are going for a long evening stroll around the neighborhood. My name is Timber! I don't why my family decide to not want me anymore. I am so glad I was rescued and out of the hot, outdoor, animal control kennel they surrendered me in. I am a very sweet boy; I am much smaller than what my photos make me look like. I am a nice, medium small dog and weigh 35 pounds. A perfect size for some lap lovin'! My foster mom says this about me: " We were lucky enough to foster Timber from a high kill rural shelter and we have won the jackpot with this sweetheart! He is easy going, fun to be around, perfect houseguest, can sleep for hours and then come around and play fetch like a puppy. Fabulous with our other pets, great on a leash and totally housebroken. We have only had him a week but excited to continue to get to know him as he gets more and more comfortable! I would love to be in a furever home! Please note that submitted applications will be given priority over inquiries. We receive many inquiries and may not be able to answer them in a timely manner. We start all of our adoptions with a one-week sleepover to ensure a good fit for everyone. For that reason, formal applications will be given priority over the aforementioned. Submit Application 2. Interview 3. Home Check 4.

Photo from: henryhenrichsen Well, yes. There is a mini version of the Labrador Retriever. This dog is slightly smaller than the standard Lab. However, this dog is not officially recognized. There are some teacup dogs and miniature dogs that are recognized by the AKC American Kennel Club , but the mini Lab is not among them. So, how did breeders even come up with the idea of a miniature version of the Lab? Like with any other miniature version of one dog, there are a couple of ways miniature Labradors can be bred. However, we advise you to do your research right from the start to see if it really is a purebred Labrador. Unfortunately, many of these small dogs are created today as a result of crossbreeding. So, breeders crossbreed Labradors with some other smaller dog breed, resulting in a dog that looks like a Labrador, but in a smaller package. Today, there are various Labrador mixes , and we think that many of them are wonderful dogs, but these dogs should not be sold under the name of mini Labrador. Crossbreeding is quite a complex process that should only be undertaken by experienced and educated breeders. Unfortunately, many breeders today put quick money first, while not paying enough attention to the health records of the dogs they intend to crossbreed. Vet exams and health records are even more important in the case of combining two different dog breeds, each of which has its own needs, its own history, and the health conditions to which it is prone. Dwarfism In Labradors Just like with humans, dwarfism can also be found in dogs. This condition is an endocrine disease, which is characterized by a lack of growth hormone. In dogs like these, besides the growth hormone, there also might be a lack of some other hormones. This is a congenital disease, which means that a puppy will inherit it if both of its parents have it. So, if you breed two Labradors that have the dwarfism gene, you will be getting puppies that will have the same gene. In dwarf Labradors, there are the SD1 Gene and the SD2 Gene that are the reason for this medical condition to appear, and thanks to which there are miniature Labrador Retrievers today. The first gene stands for Osteochondro dysplasia to appear in Labradors. This state makes a dog have bent legs, deformed paws, and enlarged joints. The second gene stands for a genetic mutation called skeletal dysplasia. Dogs with this diagnosis have a body of normal size, but their shorter legs make them different from the standard Labrador. Also, their legs might be slightly curved. Its head also might be larger than average, while its nose might be shorter. Breeding Runts Simply put, breeding runts refers to taking the smallest dog from a litter and breeding it with another equally small dog. This sometimes involves inbreeding of two dogs from the same litter, where it only matters that both dogs are smaller than the others. It is not recommended that brother and sister dogs have puppies together. Although in some cases they can produce completely healthy offspring, in many cases, serious diseases are recorded in such dogs. Breeding runts is not considered ethical. These dogs often have more serious health problems. Also, it is important to mention that breeding two small dogs does not necessarily mean that all their puppies will be equally small. So, when in search of mini Lab puppies, make sure to check that the breeder you are dealing with is completely ethical and trustworthy. Their basic difference is, obviously, their size. This is why we call them the miniature Labrador. For many of these dogs, this will actually be the only difference. Also, their legs are shorter than those of the standard-sized Lab. In some cases, many people will not even notice that they actually own a mini Lab. For this reason, we wanted to investigate the origin and characteristics of miniature Labradors. If you like everything about the Labrador Retriever, but its size makes you doubt the decision of adding this dog as your new family member, well, maybe a mini Lab would be a marvelous solution. But, should you really be taking a risk and buying a mini Labrador Retriever dog? This way, we can get an insight into the temperament, appearance, and health of this smaller Lab. Based on this, we can make a conclusion about how much the mini Lab actually differs from the standard Lab. Or, how similar these two dogs are. Temperament For many dog lovers, the Labrador breed is the number one breed among them all. The mini Lab is a bit smaller than the standard Labrador. However, their personalities are quite similar. The mini version is equally kind, friendly, and loving as the standard version of this dog. These miniature dogs are also in love with their human family, and the thing they like the most is spending time with them. So, with a mini Lab, you will have your own shadow following you around wherever you go! This dog gets along well with children and other pets. Also, this dog is quite energetic and needs different activities, both physical and mental, to stay happy. This dog is literally a Labrador Retriever in a smaller package. The one thing that differentiates them from standard Labs are their short legs. They also have floppy ears, big eyes, and a broad head. There is a slight difference when it comes to the weight and height of male and female Labradors. According to the Labrador growth chart , males usually weigh from 65 to 80 pounds, while the average weight of females goes from 55 to 70 pounds. The average weight of a Labrador Retriever goes from 55 to 80 pounds. Miniature Labs are quite lighter, and they weigh from 35 to 50 pounds. The difference in weight can be noticed as early as around two to three months of age — at this age, a standard Labrador will reach a weight of 20 to 25 pounds, while a mini Lab will probably weigh 16 to 22 pounds. According to some opinions, a Labrador is a large dog. Some other people see this dog as a medium-sized dog. The average height of a standard male Lab goes from 22 to 24 inches tall. Females are usually 21 to 23 inches tall. Many miniature dogs are usually a lot smaller than the same dogs of the standard size. However, there is not a big difference in the height of a full-sized Labrador and the mini version of this dog. Miniature Labradors are only two or three inches shorter than the normal sized dogs. So, the average size of mini Labs goes from 19 to 22 inches. Some of these dogs might be even shorter… around 17 inches. Coat Characteristics Photo from: thejoniexpress Some of the standard Labrador colors are black, chocolate, and yellow. We can also find mini black Labs, mini chocolate Labs, and mini yellow Labs. Labrador Retrievers shed quite a lot, so they are not the best option for people with allergies. This is also the case with the mini Labrador. Its double coat is dense and short, and you can expect to find its hairs all over the place. A miniature Labrador will have short legs. Also, we have learned that this dog might have many additional health issues. What are those medical conditions? What is the overall quality of life for this dog? Coat: Are Mini Labs hypoallergenic? If you are after a hypoallergenic dog, you will have much better luck with Labradoodles , which are Labs crossed with Poodles. Unfortunately, the Mini Lab has the same tendency to shed as a standard Lab. Their thick double coats are waterproof on the top layer, soft and fluffy on the inner layer. Thanks to their double coats, they can withstand heat and cold much better than their owners can. That being said, every dog is different and their preferences should be taken into consideration. A house dog would not like being left out in the cold, whereas a dog used to winter would find your home too stuffy with the heating on. Do Miniature Labradors make better house pets? Purebred Labradors are known to be awesome family pets. They get along great with kids and are as loving as they are active. Your Teacup Lab Retriever will be no different. However, due to issues with their health, your Mini Labrador Retriever dog might be more time-consuming to take care of. According to Google, there are plenty of runts that live to lead healthy lives but they often have lower survivability in their puppyhood. On the other hand, Labradors born with dwarfism will need a lifetime of specialized care and attention. Exercising your Miniature Labrador Retriever Mini Labradors have the same energy levels as their standard counterparts. The only difference is that they are even more susceptible to joint disorders such as hip dysplasia. You also want to provide them with enough stimulation, lest they get bored and become destructive. How often should Mini Labs be groomed? Too much shampooing can also cause their coats to dry out, which will either cause itchiness or an increase in oil production. Neither of which will do your dog any favors. Check their eyes and ears frequently to ensure that there are no abnormalities. Nails need to be clipped every few weeks or when you can hear them clacking on the floor. As you can see, they are quite low maintenance and only require a brush every now and then. Any ole slicker brush you get off Amazon will do, although some pet parents like to use a furminator to get their annual shedding under control. How do you feed a Toy Labrador? They will need the same nutrients as a large-breed dog. Miniature Labrador Health Issues Depending on what caused your Labrador to be smaller than the breed standard, you might need to be prepared for a shorter than average lifespan. Dogs with dwarfism might only live 5 years, whereas the breed average is 10 — .They also suffer from certain physical disabilities such as short legs, bowed knees, swollen joints, turned-out feet, and a low slung back. Dwarf Labs also have proportionally large heads. There are two main kinds of dwarfism, SD1, and SD2. The SD1 gene is called osteochondrodysplasia and will manifest as malformed legs. These dogs will most likely develop dysplasia and cause pain and lameness, something that the Labrador breed is already susceptible to. The SD2 is the more common form of dwarfism and it causes skeletal dysplasia and inhibits their bones from fully developing. This means that while their legs will be shorter, they will not have any deformities. Another genetic mutation that might create a Miniature Labrador lies in their faulty pituitary gland. A malfunction that inhibits their growth hormones naturally stunts their growth and leaves them smaller than other Labs. All three mutations can increase the risk for retinal dysplasia which causes blindness. Smaller Labs bred with runts are often more sickly than regular-sized Labs. However, they can also be just as healthy. This popular breed of dog could also develop ear and eye problems, and hypothyroidism. The other health issues that Labbie owners should look out for are obesity and cancer. How Much is a Miniature Labrador Puppy? Most breeders do not advertise their stunted puppies as bigger Labradors are often more desirable. First of all, they should be breeding healthy Labradors who do not carry the gene for dwarfism. Just be aware of the risks involved as they are unregulated. With a background in animal science, dog training, and behavior consulting, her hands-on experience and extensive knowledge make her a trusted source for dog owners. When not writing or leading the K9 Web content team, Cess can be found volunteering at local shelters and participating in dog-related events. Leave a Comment. Make sure you understand the implications of investing in a Lab that was bred via runt breeding or a Lab that is diagnosed with dwarfism. Avoid getting your Lab through breeders who have purposefully bred dwarfism into their Lab puppies or through breeders who have purposefully bred litters to be smaller than average. Try and ensure that your Mini Labrador maintains a quality diet and eats a dog food specified for his age, weight and activity level. Keep up with routine grooming practices, and ensure your dog sees a vet regularly for wellness exams and check ups. In spite of not being the healthiest dogs, Mini Labradors are just as friendly, affectionate and playful as their full-sized counterparts. Mini Labrador dogs are still Labradors, and as such they are some of the most highly sought after dogs in the world. These dogs are renowned for their family-friendly temperament and companionability when it comes to children. They also get along great with other pets including both dogs and cats. Labradors are very high energy , however, which can be exhausting for the more laid back owner. That said, in the right home and with an active family , Labrador dogs can thrive. They are incredibly intelligent as well, meaning training is a breeze. In fact, Labrador Retrievers are some of the top employed service dogs throughout the world, thanks to their keen sense of emotional intelligence and ability to pick up so quickly on what their people need of them. However, Labs can become very bonded with their family and do get bored easily when left alone for too long. This boredom can lead to destructive behaviors like digging, marking, barking and chewing. Mini Labrador Training and Socialization Requirements Like all dogs, the Mini Labrador should be trained and socialized at an early age to prevent behavioral issues. Like all dogs, Labrador Retrievers require plenty of socialization and training at an early age in order to grow up happy, healthy and well-rounded. Even though Labrador Retrievers are highly social and friendly, they can be prone to behavioral issues and even aggressive tendencies if they are not raised and socialized properly. Because they are so intelligent, Labrador Retrievers love to learn. They are also eager to please and highly food motivated. Instead, use positive reinforcement tactics like treats and praise. If you find your Mini Labrador is becoming distracted or bored during training sessions, try and offer several five minute sessions throughout the day and provide him with plenty of breaks and playtime in between. Tips on Socializing Your Mini Labrador Socializing your Mini Labrador is just as vital as training is to his overall health and happiness. A dog who is properly socialized is a confident, well-rounded dog that is less likely to exhibit aggressive tendencies and fear-based behavioral issues. Try and ensure your dog has positive first time experiences and as many new experiences as possible as he develops. Introduce him to different people, children, other dogs, sights, sounds, and so on. Encourage your Mini Labrador gently using treats and praise to help him associate the world around him with something positive. Most importantly, avoid forcing your Mini Labrador into a situation or experience he is clearly frightened of. Doing so could exasperate his fear and lead to future problems down the road. Labrador Retrievers are naturally energetic dogs. Bred water retrieving dogs, these guys love to be with their people and will enjoy being outside and having a job to do. A Mini Labrador will be no different, and will enjoy a variety of exercise routines including both mental and physical exercises designed to keep him healthy and happy. Mental Exercise Labs are considered some of the smartest dogs in the canine kingdom. As such, they are happiest when they have jobs to do or when they are given plenty of appropriate, dog-safe activities to keep them busy. We recommend investing in interactive puzzle toys and slow feeders to keep your Mini Lab engaged and challenged. You can also take time to set up fun little obstacle courses in and outside of your home with furniture or appliances and encourage your dog to complete these courses for treats. Not only will this help keep your dog mentally and physically sound, it will help build the bond between the two of you. Remember, Dwarf Labradors can suffer from a higher rate of bone and joint issues, spinal issues and chronic pain. They may also suffer from brachycephalic airway syndrome due to their abnormal skull development. This can lead to respiratory issues, heat intolerance and exercise induced collapse. When dealing with a Dwarf Labrador or Mini Labrador, be sure not to over-exercise your dog and to monitor him in warmer weather. The appropriate exercise for a Mini Labrador will include about 30 to 45 minutes of exercise a day as well as free playtime in a securely fenced backyard. Mini Labrador dogs are also highly social and get along with other canines, so dog parks are another great way for your Mini Labrador to have his exercise needs met. This is especially beneficial for dogs who might suffer from breathing difficulties. The harness is ideal for medium sized dogs like Mini Labradors and will help you guide your Lab on walks easily and naturally. The material is comfortable for your Lab as well, and even includes reflective materials for safer evening walks. Still, they require routine grooming and upkeep to ensure they stay healthy. The Mini Labrador is a shedding dog, so he may not be the ideal companion for those who suffer from allergies. This is a breed who has a dense, double-coat that is weather resistant and self cleaning. The good news is that he only needs to be bathed once every six weeks or so with a quality dog shampoo and conditioner. Over-bathing your Mini Labrador can lead to skin and coat issues. Your Mini Labrador will not need hair cuts or trims, though he will need routine brushing. While he sheds year-round, the Mini Labrador sheds heaviest twice a year during the shedding season in Spring and Fall. During the shedding season, you may want to brush your lab a few times a week to collect and reduce loose hair from his undercoat and keep it from your clothing and furniture. Outside of shedding season, you can get by brushing your Mini Lab once a week. Along with bathing and brushing, the Mini Labrador should have his ears checked regularly to prevent chances of moisture and build up leading to an ear infection. His teeth should be brushed daily using a safe toothbrush and dog-friendly toothpaste , and his nails should be trimmed or ground down regularly. Gonicc Dog Nail Clippers. Are teacup Labradors healthy? For many people, the teacup Lab seems like a perfect solution. The lovable Lab package in a tiny, puppy-sized body for life. But, the reality of the teacup Labrador is quite different to this ideal. What is a Teacup Lab? Teacup dogs are bred to have an extremely small size. They are often considered the smallest possible size for dogs, smaller than toy or miniature breeds. The name is inspired by their size — dogs small enough to fit in a teacup, even when fully grown. A teacup Lab is simply one bred, in some way, to have this extreme, tiny size. This is because, despite their cute appearance, these tiny dogs are actually quite unhealthy. With that extreme size comes a huge number of problems that can shorten their lifespan and significantly reduce their quality of life. How are Teacup Labs Bred? Teacup Labs will often be bred in the same ways as miniature Labs, but with the aim of creating an even smaller dog. The three main methods used are: Breeding together Lab runts over generations Mixing the Labrador with a toy breed Introducing the dwarfism gene The appearance, temperament, and health of a teacup Lab will vary depending on the method used. Breeding Runts As the smallest, and often weakest, dog in the litter, runts can be prone to health issues. Sometimes puppies become the runt of the litter because they already have a congenital disease which comprises their physical size, strength and wellbeing. Breeding them together to create a new generation of small dogs will pass those hereditary diseases on. Runts are also more likely to miss out on immunity-providing colostrum from their mom, which means they are more likely to have poor immune systems pick up bacterial and viral infections and suffer long term side effects from infectious diseases. Mixing Labs with a Toy Breed When you mix two dog breeds together, puppies could inherit any blend of their qualities, including temperament, appearance, and health. There is absolutely no way of knowing exactly what your puppy will be like until they arrive. For instance, a breeder may mix a Lab with a Chihuahua to try and get teacup sized puppies. But, their puppies may look more like Chihuahuas, and have a Chihuahua-like temperament. Introducing Dwarfism The final common method used is to introduce dwarfism. Dwarfism in dogs has been associated with health problems such as skin and coat abnormalities, including alopecia. Sadly, many dogs with dwarfism suffer from shortened lifespans. A Mix of Methods To achieve the tiny size required of teacup dogs, breeders may choose to use more than one of these methods over generations to get the smallest Labs possible. Of course, this does not come without risks to the puppies, who can suffer from serious health problems. How Big is a Teacup Lab? But, toy breeds are still much larger than teacup dogs. It is generally accepted that teacup dogs weigh fewer than 5 pounds as adults, and reach no more than 17 inches tall. Of course, the exact size of a teacup Lab would vary depending on the method used to breed one. But, in general, breeders attempt to create a Lab that is the same size as a puppy throughout its entire life. The exact appearance of a teacup Lab will depend entirely on the method used to breed them. Breeding runts over generations is the method most likely to give you a teacup Lab that looks like a Lab. But, of course, this relies on your dog avoiding any potential heritable health issues. And, it is a long-winded process. Even two small Labs bred together could birth puppies that grow into larger Labs. As we said earlier, a mixed breed dog could inherit traits from either parent. And, Labs with dwarfism will often be small, but disproportionately. Their heads and paws may be larger than normal, with very short legs. Do Teacup Labs Shed? They are smaller, so yes there is less fur to deal with. But you cannot escape Lab shedding by choosing a teacup Labrador. Controlling shedding can actually be harder with a teacup Lab, as normal grooming tools may be too large to use easily on your tiny dog. And, remember, coat can be influenced by the breeding method used. Teacup Labs that are the result of mixed breeding could have a non-Lab type coat. And those bred to have dwarfism may suffer from coat-related health issues like alopecia. Are Teacup Labs Purebred? Teacup Labs are not accepted by any official breed registries, so they cannot be shown as purebred dogs in shows. Their status as a purebred dog will depend on the method used to breed them. Obviously, mixing a Lab with a smaller breed will not create a purebred Lab puppy. But, breeding together runts over generations can give you smaller purebred puppies. However, the purebred Labs that result are likely to be less healthy than Labs who are bred with their overall health in mind, rather than just a certain appearance. Teacup vs Miniature Labs The main difference between teacup and miniature Labradors is their size. Teacup Labs are meant to be even smaller than miniature Labs, which are already smaller than the standard. So, they will be at risk of issues just as much as teacup Labs. Labs of all sizes are prone to:.