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By choosing a dog food with top ingredients, you can ensure your Frenchie receives the essential nutrients they need for a healthy and happy life. Salmon, poultry, and lamb are particularly beneficial sources of protein for French Bulldogs. Healthy Fats Healthy fats, such as omega-6 fatty acids, are an excellent source of nutrition for French Bulldogs. These fatty acids help maintain a healthy immune system, promote healthy skin, and result in a glossy coat. By providing your Frenchie with a diet rich in healthy fats, you can support their skin and coat health while helping to moderate inflammation. Beneficial Supplements In addition to high-quality protein and healthy fats, beneficial supplements like prebiotic fiber, probiotics, glucosamine, chondroitin, taurine, and omega fatty acids should be considered for French Bulldog dog food. Prebiotic fiber and probiotics are formulated to be gentle on the digestive system and promote digestion. Glucosamine and chondroitin are essential for joint health and support joint and cartilage health maintenance. Taurine and omega fatty acids have been found to be beneficial for cardiovascular health. Some dog foods that include these beneficial supplements are: Nutro Ultra Weight Management Dry Dog Food, which contains taurine for cardiovascular health Royal Canin French Bulldog Puppy Food — which provides complete and balanced nutrition, strengthens the immune system, encourages growth, and promotes balanced intestinal flora. By choosing a dog food with these beneficial supplements, you can provide your Frenchie with a well-rounded diet that supports their overall health. Potential Allergies and Sensitivities in French Bulldogs French Bulldogs may be prone to allergies and sensitivities , making it important to research the ingredients in their food and consult a vet if necessary. Some common sensitivities in French Bulldogs include corn, soy, beef, and dairy products. If your Frenchie shows signs of allergies or sensitivities, it is essential to evaluate the ingredients in their food and seek veterinary advice if needed. If you suspect your French Bulldog has a food allergy , you may want to consider a limited-ingredient dog food or a grain-free diet. By being aware of potential allergies and sensitivities and choosing the right dog food, you can help your Frenchie maintain a healthy and happy life. Feeding Guidelines for French Bulldogs Feeding guidelines for French Bulldogs include following label recommendations for feeding quantity and dividing daily servings into smaller meals for sustained energy supply. For French Bulldog puppies , it is recommended to provide them with 1. Puppies aged between 2 to 6 months should be supplied with three meals per day, whereas older puppies should be given two meals daily. Adult and senior French Bulldogs should also be fed two meals per day. By following these feeding guidelines, you can ensure that your Frenchie receives the right amount of food for their age, weight, and activity level, helping them maintain a healthy body weight and preventing potential health issues. Our Top Picks: Best Dog Foods for French Bulldogs in Our top picks for the best dog food for French Bulldogs in include a variety of options tailored to meet the unique nutritional needs of this charming breed. From weight management formulas to grain-free options and specialized diets for puppies and seniors, these dog foods offer the essential nutrients your Frenchie needs to thrive. Pet owners recommend this dog food for its weight maintenance benefits, quality ingredients, and multiple protein sources. Additionally, it is free from artificial colors, flavors, or preservatives and contains taurine, which acts as a natural antioxidant for your pup. By choosing the best overall dog food for your Frenchie, you can support their overall health and well-being. This dog food is specifically tailored for overweight and less active dogs, providing an optimal protein-to-fat ratio to help them reach their weight goals and maintain an energetic lifestyle. However, the benefits it offers in terms of weight management and affordability make it a great value option for French Bulldog owners. Food and food are both great options when it comes to feeding your French Bulldog puppies. Both provide a complete, balanced diet for their growth and development. Food provides complete and balanced nutrition, strengthens the immune system, encourages growth, and promotes balanced intestinal flora. It is also easy to digest for optimal nutrient absorption, making it an ideal choice for your Frenchie puppy. It is worth noting that some puppies may not take to Royal Canin French Bulldog Puppy Dry Dog Food, and it is more expensive than other dog food options due to its breed-specific nature. However, the benefits it offers in terms of nutrition and breed-specific formulation make it a top choice for French Bulldog puppies. It provides optimal nutrition to maintain their health and wellbeing. This specialized diet is formulated for French Bulldogs over the age of twelve months and includes L-carnitine and top-notch protein to sustain optimal muscle mass, probiotics to minimize intestinal fermentation, and a kibble design that is easy for Frenchies to consume and encourages chewing. While some dogs may not accept Royal Canin French Bulldog Adult Dry Dog Food and it is costly, the benefits it provides in terms of nutrition and breed-specific formulation make it an ideal choice for senior French Bulldogs. Customers say their dogs love the taste of this food. Additionally, it is excellent for dogs with food allergies. No longer will they suffer from itchy paws or diarrhea. By choosing a dog food specifically designed for French Bulldogs with allergies, you can help alleviate their allergy symptoms and provide them with a diet that supports their overall health and well-being. Customers have reported that their dogs enjoy the flavor of Wellness Core Grain-Free Kibble and have maintained a healthy coat when consuming this food. By choosing a grain-free dog food option for your French Bulldog, you can support their overall health while accommodating their dietary needs. They come in a wide variety of flavors and are packed with lots of nutrition. Our dogs do deserve the best! Gradually introducing the new food over a period of days can help avoid these problems. If your dog experiences any digestive issues or stomach discomfort, consult your veterinarian for advice. Foods to avoid include chocolate, coffee, tea, grapes, and raisins. Instead, consider offering your Frenchie safe and healthy alternatives such as oatmeal, sweet potatoes, brown rice, fish, chicken, vegetables carrots, green beans, broccoli , and fruits apples, bananas, blueberries. It is always a good idea to consult your veterinarian if you are uncertain about what foods are appropriate for your French Bulldog. By providing your Frenchie with safe and healthy food alternatives, you can promote their overall health and well-being. Homemade Dog Food Options for French Bulldogs While commercially manufactured foods are generally recommended for French Bulldogs, some owners may prefer to prepare homemade dog food for their pets. Suitable ingredients for homemade dog food for French Bulldogs include cooked lean meats, cooked eggs, cooked vegetables, cooked grains, and healthy fats. If you choose to prepare homemade dog food for your French Bulldog, it is essential to ensure that the diet provides the necessary nutrients to support their health and well-being. Consult your veterinarian for guidance on creating a balanced and nutritious homemade diet for your Frenchie. Summary In conclusion, selecting the best dog food for your Frenchie is an essential part of supporting their overall health and well-being. By understanding their unique nutritional needs, choosing high-quality ingredients, and providing a diet tailored to their age, weight, and activity level, you can ensure your Frenchie thrives. With the right nutrition, your Frenchie will enjoy a healthy, happy, and fulfilling life. Frequently Asked Questions What are Frenchies allergic to? French can suffer from environmental allergies such as dust mites, pollens, molds, and grass as well as food allergies such as corn, soy, beef, and dairy products. Taking steps to reduce exposure to allergens can help keep your Frenchie healthy and comfortable. This could include things like keeping the house clean, using air purifiers, and avoiding areas with high pollen. What should I feed my French Bulldog puppy? As the owner of a French Bulldog puppy, it is important to ensure your pup is getting the right nutrients. Feed them high-quality, nutritionally complete puppy food and, if desired, lean raw meat to provide them with the balanced diet they need. When he's not spending time with his furry best friend "Freddy II", you can find him reading up on the latest Frenchie trends or exploring new parks and hiking trails with his dapper little Frenchie by his side. Whether you're a seasoned Frenchie owner or just starting your journey, Freddy is excited to share his experiences and insights with you through his articles on this website. French Bulldog puppies have unique dietary needs that require special attention. There are a few key factors to consider. First off, opt for puppy-specific formulas that meet their nutritional requirements. Avoid recipes with fillers or artificial additives — go for wholesome kibble made especially for small dogs like Frenchies. A balanced diet is crucial in preventing common issues such as paw licking or upset tummies. With proper nutrition, your Frenchie pup will be ready to conquer the world one playful bark at a time. This premium dog food provides a balanced diet with a combination of high-quality proteins, fats, and carbohydrates. It contains essential nutrients such as antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals that promote healthy growth and support a strong immune system. One of the key features of Royal Canin Small Puppy is its small kibble size, which makes it easier for Frenchie puppies to chew and digest. This formula includes prebiotics to support digestive health and aid in nutrient absorption. The inclusion of omega-3 fatty acids contributes to healthy skin and a shiny coat. This grain-inclusive formula includes deboned chicken as the primary source of protein along with wholesome grains like brown rice. The blend of fruits, vegetables, and superfoods in Wellness Complete Health Puppy ensures that your furry friend receives essential vitamins and minerals. This recipe also incorporates omega fatty acids for healthy brain development and DHA for optimal eye health. We have never used this brand but I hear great things about it. This formula features deboned chicken as the main ingredient, providing a high-quality source of protein to support muscle development. What sets Merrick Classic Healthy Grains Puppy Recipe apart is its inclusion of whole grains like brown rice and barley. These grains offer a good source of energy and fiber while promoting healthy digestion. The recipe also includes fruits and vegetables such as apples, blueberries, and sweet potatoes to provide additional nutrients. Royal Canin has been our go to french bulldog puppy food. After trying multiple brands such as Purina, Stella and Chewy, and Merrick no large quantity available for purchase, small bags got expensive , Royal Canin has never let us down. We have never noticed skin problems, intolerance, and poops have always been great. Other brands have caused vomiting, diarrhea, and skin reactions to name a few. French Bulldog puppies are energetic and growing rapidly, which means they need frequent meals throughout the day. It is recommended to feed them three to four times daily until they reach six months of age. This regular feeding schedule helps maintain their energy levels and supports proper growth. Follow the recommended portion sizes based on their age and weight. Different brands may have specific guidelines tailored for French Bulldog puppies or small breed puppies in general. For puppies aged weeks: 1 cup of food per meal. Victor Ocean Fish All Life Stages Dog Food Remember that these portions can vary depending on individual factors such as activity level and metabolism. Adjust the portion sizes accordingly if you notice significant weight gain or loss. Monitor their weight gain and adjust feeding amounts accordingly. While puppies naturally gain weight as they grow, excessive weight gain can lead to health issues such as joint problems. Keep an eye on their body condition and consult with your veterinarian if you have concerns about their weight. If your puppy is gaining too much weight, consider reducing the portion sizes slightly or switching to a lower-calorie puppy food formula. On the other hand, if they are not gaining enough weight or appear undernourished, consult with your vet to determine if an increase in portion size or a different type of food is necessary. By following these feeding guidelines, you can ensure that your French Bulldog puppy receives the nutrition they need during this crucial stage of growth. Providing proper nutrition will help set the foundation for a healthy and happy adult French Bulldog. Feeding your Frenchie the wrong food can lead to serious health issues and discomfort. Chocolate contains theobromine, which can be highly toxic for dogs. Even small amounts can cause symptoms like restlessness, increased heart rate, vomiting, diarrhea, and in severe cases, seizures or even death. Onions and Garlic: A Recipe for Anemia While onions and garlic might add flavor to our meals, they pose a significant risk to our four-legged companions. This could lead to anemia and potentially life-threatening complications for your French Bulldog. The exact reason behind this toxicity is still unknown; however, ingestion of these fruits has been linked to kidney failure in some dogs. Xylitol: Sweetness Turns Sour Xylitol is an artificial sweetener commonly found in sugar-free products like gum or candy. While it may be harmless for humans, it can be extremely dangerous for dogs. If ingested by your French Bulldog, xylitol can cause a sudden release of insulin, leading to a rapid drop in blood sugar levels. This can result in seizures, liver failure, or even death. Opt for high-quality dog food specifically formulated for their needs. Look for options that include meat protein sources like chicken or salmon, as these are beneficial for their muscle development and overall health. Make sure the food you choose contains adequate amounts of vitamins and fatty acids to promote healthy skin and coat. Avoid foods with excessive fat content that could lead to weight gain or digestive issues such as loose stools. Stick to dog-friendly fruits and veggies as treats instead. Chicken fat as dog food High-fat meats, chicken skin and fat from steaks or roasts are not recommended. Ingestion may lead to gastrointestinal upset or even pancreatitis. This can be a very painful condition for dogs. Providing a healthy diet is essential for their overall health and well-being. Opting for lean proteins like chicken and turkey ensures they receive high-quality nutrients without excessive fat content. These proteins promote muscle development, support growth, and provide essential amino acids for overall health. Opt for natural alternatives that are free from these artificial additives. Whole Grains: Nourishing Carbohydrate Sources Carbohydrates play a role in providing energy to your puppy. However, not all carbohydrates are created equal. Instead of fillers like corn or wheat that offer limited nutritional value, look for whole grains such as brown rice or oats. These whole food ingredients provide fiber, vitamins, minerals while promoting steady energy levels throughout the day. Omega-3 Fatty Acids: Promoting Healthy Skin and Coat To maintain healthy skin and a lustrous coat on your furry friend, incorporate omega-3 fatty acids into their diet. Sources like fish oil offer an abundance of these beneficial fats that nourish their skin from within. Not only do omega-3s contribute to a shiny coat but they also help reduce inflammation and support healthy skin and overall health. By opting for lean proteins, avoiding artificial additives, incorporating whole grains, and including omega-3 fatty acids, you are providing the essential nutrients they need to thrive. Remember, a healthy diet sets the foundation for a happy and active French Bulldog. So be mindful of what goes into their food bowl to ensure they grow up strong and free from unnecessary health problems. Now that you understand the importance of healthy ingredients in food, you can make informed choices when selecting the very best dog food options for your furry companion. Keep their health in mind as you provide them with nourishing meals that will support their growth and overall well-being. By following these feeding guidelines, you can provide your Frenchie with the balanced nutrition they need to stay in optimal health. Obesity can lead to various health problems such as joint issues, heart disease, and respiratory difficulties. To keep track of their weight effectively, consider using a digital scale designed for pets or consult with your veterinarian. Adjusting Portion Sizes French Bulldogs have different dietary requirements based on their activity level and age. Puppies require more calories and nutrients to support their growth and development compared to adult dogs. To determine the appropriate portion size for your puppy or adult dog, consider consulting with animal nutritionists or your veterinarian. They can provide personalized recommendations based on factors such as breed-specific needs and individual metabolism. Excessive treats can contribute to weight gain if not properly regulated. Instead of relying solely on treats for positive reinforcement, try using praise or playtime as alternative rewards. Be mindful of the calorie content in both regular meals and treats. Opt for healthier options like small pieces of lean meat or fruits and vegetables that are safe for dogs. You could even use it as a meal topper to make meal time more fun. There are hundreds of different options on the market all claiming to be the best, no wonder our Frenchie parents constantly turn to us asking what they should feed their puppies. The usual nutritional needs of French Bulldog A well-balanced Frenchie diet should contain the correct amounts of macronutrients: water, proteins, fats, carbohydrates, minerals, and vitamins. However, this is only a general guideline, and a more accurate calculation can be made based on specific factors. For instance, the age and activity level of your dog are essential factors to consider. Hormonal changes can cause neutered dogs to become less active than their fertile counterparts. Store-bought vs. Most commercial dog foods and canned goods contain preservatives, flavor enhancers, coloring, and other additives. Instead of real meat, they often contain animal by-products or meat meal, which can cause allergic reactions in some dogs. Subscribe to our weekly blog newsletter: Subscribe to our blog newsletter! First name Email When you cook food for your dogs, you can be sure of what goes into their bowl. Finally, homemade meals can prolong the average French Bulldog lifespan , so we definitely recommend homemade food! Why is it so hard to find the right dog food? Feeding is an evergreen topic among Frenchie parents in our Facebook group. They know they should feed their puppy with high-quality premium dog food to keep their baby healthy and fit, but they are left puzzled when they see the plethora of different choices. The answer is actually quite simple: every Frenchie is different and what works for one puppy may unfortunately cause problems for the other. The best French Bulldog breeders will always give you advice on how to continue feeding your puppy once you welcome them home. So what are the most important things to consider while trying to find the perfect food for your Frenchie? Read on to find out! The quality of dog food is always determined by the percentage of its protein content, in other words, the amount of meat or fish it contains. So what should you pay attention to when looking at the ingredients list? This could be beef, lamb, salmon, or any other type of meat. The list usually ends with some sort of animal fat, vegetables, and fruits. Jasper, available French Bulldog puppy at TomKings Puppies Any other ingredient not mentioned above is only included to increase the volume of the dog food and to ensure the most economical production possible. So, if you see that a food contains an unrealistic amount of filler ingredients like wheat, corn, or chemical preservatives, it is definitely not a suitable and healthy choice for your Frenchie. Dog foods without chicken and grains A question that always comes up when choosing the right food for a Frenchie is whether it has to be chicken or grain-free. For that reason, we usually recommend giving chicken and grain-free food right from the start to avoid any possible problems. Makayla, French Bulldog puppy at TomKings Puppies That means that if you look at the list of ingredients, you can find companies whose food meets all the criteria we mentioned above and is much more affordable. Like with so many things, the name is not everything! On the other hand, if the kibble is too large they will have difficulties consuming the food. The flavor of the dog food When looking at dog foods, you can choose from lots of different flavors like a lamb, fish, beef, duck, etc. If one of the foods from a particular brand works fine for your Frenchie, the flavors can and should be changed as long as they have the same nutritional values. A varied diet is important not only for humans but dogs as well, not to mention that your fur baby will be very happy to taste some new flavors. The stool of your Frenchie A very important criterion and perhaps the best indicator of the given food is suitable for your Frenchie is their stool. A healthy stool should always be completely solid, which means you can easily collect it with a bag. You should always ensure a smooth transition by gradually mixing in more and more of the new food with the old to avoid any dietary issues. Signs of a food allergy in your Frenchie We have already mentioned that Frenchies tend to be allergic to chicken, but what are the actual signs of a food allergy? The most common symptoms include scratching, hair loss, dull lifeless fur, inflamed eyes and ears often with some discharge, paw licking, swelling, but also vomiting, and loose stools. You may not notice all of these and the degree to which they occur may also vary. Any of these symptoms indicate that an immediate change of diet is necessary, about which you should always consult your vet first. Eating a bit more slowly and with less appetite are usually signs telling you to cut out the middle meal. As for the amount, nice-looking French Bulldogs are a bit stockier, so you should always increase and lower the amount of their food with that in mind. Read our article to learn more about maintaining a healthy body weight for your Frenchie. Odie, French Bulldog puppy at TomKings Puppies Special recommendations by TomKings Puppies The best food for French Bulldog with a sensitive stomach For dogs with sensitive stomachs, we always recommend home-cooked food , so you can be sure of what your dog is eating. However, it is important to ensure that the transition from store-bought to home-cooked dog food is gradual. Consultation with a veterinarian can also be helpful in determining the best wet food for a French Bulldog. It is essential to choose a high-quality brand that uses real meat and avoids fillers, artificial preservatives, and additives. Look for products that are labeled as complete and balanced, which means they contain all the essential nutrients your French Bulldog needs in the right proportions. The best dry food for French Bulldogs Although cheaper dry food may appear to be similar to premium brands based on the label, there are significant differences in the quantity and quality of the ingredients. Additionally, we advise you to switch to adult food at the age of months. We always inform new parents of Tomkings puppies of the brands we used to feed the pups and we recommend to continue using the same brand for some time. The best raw food for Frenchies There are several types of raw food diets for dogs, including the Prey Model Diet, the B. To ensure that TomKings puppies receive only the highest quality food, we continuously evaluate available options and test the latest trends. We consult with a panel of experts and experienced puppy parents within the TomKings Frenchie Family, and we are proud to recommend the B. Biologically Appropriate Raw Foods diet. Consulting with a veterinarian is also recommended to determine the best course of action. In general, weight management dog foods can be a good option for overweight French Bulldogs. These foods are formulated to be lower in calories and fat while still providing high-quality protein and other essential nutrients. Avoid feeding table scraps or high-calorie treats, and make sure to provide plenty of opportunities for exercise and play. In some cases, a prescription diet recommended by a veterinarian may be necessary to help your French Bulldog achieve and maintain a healthy weight. Best food for French Bulldogs with skin allergies If your French Bulldog has skin allergies, it is important to choose a diet that is specially formulated to help support skin health and minimize potential allergens. Consultation with a veterinarian is also recommended to determine the best course of action. Some high-quality dog food brands offer special formulas that are designed for dogs with skin allergies. These foods typically contain limited ingredients and exclude common allergens such as wheat, soy, chicken, and dairy products. Instead, they may use alternative protein sources such as fish or venison and may contain added omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids to help support skin health. Some veterinarians may also recommend prescription diets that are formulated specifically to manage skin allergies in dogs. These diets may contain hydrolyzed proteins, which have been broken down into smaller components to minimize the risk of an allergic reaction. Even though processed dog foods might not look healthy to us, they actually contain all the nutrients that Frenchies need to stay healthy. Home-made and raw diets like B. Should I opt for dry kibble or canned wet food? Wet foods are of course more appealing to dogs, which means they get used to them easily and will not want to eat dry food again. If your Frenchie is a picky eater you can mix the dry and wet food but never give them the latter only. We recommend wet food for dogs who are ill and have no appetite. How much time does my puppy need to adjust to a new food? At what age should I switch to adult food for my French Bulldog? We usually recommend switching to adult food at the age of months old. If you notice that your puppy looks a bit chubbier or bigger compared to other Frenchies you can make this change even sooner. What is the best food for a Frenchie puppy? The best choice for your Frenchie puppy is to continue providing the same brand the breeder used to provide. This should be a high-quality brand that uses real meat and avoids fillers, artificial preservatives, and additives. What is the best food for an adult French Bulldog? You have several options. You can buy high-quality wet and dry god food at your local pet store or if you want more control over what goes into the bowl, you can feed your adult Frenchie with home-cooked food. Raw diets like B. The article is based on the expert knowledge of the TomKings Puppies team who have been breeding French Bulldogs for 10 years on their farm. All the pictures in the post belong to them and their customers, and show puppies from their breed. Check their available French Bulldog puppies , or if you have any questions or comments let us know below the article. May 31, Are you head over heels for your adorable French Bulldog puppy? These little bundles of joy bring so much laughter and love into our lives. Best Food for your French Bulldog puppy According to vets and French Bulldog experts in the US, the best bulldog diet should contain proteins, carbohydrates as well as an equal amount of healthy fats for brain power and energy. Just like humans, your dog could be allergic to some kind of food, such as corn or soy, but in most cases, they are actually allergic to fillers found in processed food. These fillers are used to add mass to the product, but have no nutritional value and are difficult to digest. The best way to save your dog from this kind of suffering is avoiding fillers and giving him whole food ingredients. These budget-friendly choices mostly trigger allergies and contribute to various health problems. Having earned the highest of all ratings, NutriSource is a great choice for puppies! Contains all the essential nutrients for the optimum health of your pet. Contains no animal by-products, whole corn, artificial additives or preservatives. Fromm Besides containing nearly all of the essential nutrients, the fact that you can get grain-free varieties and non-grain-free varieties is great. Salmon oil and probiotics have been added to aid digestion and promote good health. No corn and no wheat. Highest consumer ratings!

Life Span Did You Know? The American Bulldog is a descendant of a generic bulldog type of dog breed brought into the region that is now the Southern United States by working-class immigrants many years ago. These were all-around working dogs used by small farmers and ranchers for several tasks around the farm. They were often found working as catch dogs, stock dogs, and overall farm guardians. When feral pigs were introduced to the New World, they had no natural predators and the population quickly grew out of control. In addition to their farm duties, the settlers found the bulldog-type dog to be the best solution they had for dealing with it. So, the bulldog continued to thrive, especially in the South. Johnson and Alan Scott that we have what we know today as the American Bulldog. Modern American Bulldogs can still be found working as all-around utility dogs, farm dogs, catch dogs, cattle drovers, and more. They can also be found competing in dog sports, working as a guardian, police, or military dog, and are also popular as a family pet. This dog breed is a sweetheart with a gentle, fun-loving nature. The American Bulldog is affectionate and adores their families. They also love children and tend to be good with other animals. American Bulldogs can have a high prey drive, so you will want to make sure you introduce and socialize them properly with other small animals in the household. Due to their protective nature, they can be aloof towards strangers and strange dogs, especially when they are younger. Early socialization can help them be more comfortable navigating their guardian instincts. Overall, this dog breed tends to be confident, social, and are most at ease and relaxed when they are with the people they love. American Bulldogs are an emotional dog breed and thrives on human attention and affection, so they tend to bond strongly with their owners and may come across as clingy sometimes. They will also often convince themselves that they are lap dogs regardless of their size, so make sure you are ready for a lot of love and cuddles with your American Bulldog, drool and all! The American Bulldog is a moderately adaptable dog breed. They are strong, high-energy working dogs that love being around their favorite humans. This makes them better suited to larger homes with space for them to run. They are not generally a good fit for apartment living, but they can adapt as long as they get more than enough exercise and attention. Because they do tend to bond strongly with their owners and want to be near them, they do not tend to do well with long periods of time alone. As with any dog breed, they are sensitive to extreme heat or cold, but can adapt to well to most climates. There are some health issues that can be found in specific genetic lines and are not common to the breed overall, but these can be ruled out with genetic tests. Some potential health conditions to be aware of in general with the American Bulldog include hip dysplasia, elbow dysplasia, thyroid disorders, kidney disorders, bone cancer, and eye-related issues like ectropion, entropion, and cherry eye. Talking to the breeder about the genetic history of the parents and asking to see any health clearances can help allay potential concerns. American Bulldogs are highly trainable and eager to please, so they are a good fit for owners of any experience level, including first-time dog owners. They can have a stubborn streak, so a first-time dog owner may want to consider enrolling in puppy training classes. As with any dog breed, early and ongoing training and socialization are important for your American Bulldog puppy to grow into a well-rounded, and a well-behaved, dog. This dog breed has a short coat that is generally smooth. Common coat colors are white and predominately white with patches of brindle, black, or red. More coat color patterns are emerging and becoming more common like all shades of brindle, fawn, brown, red, and more. The American Bulldog is relatively low maintenance and easy to groom and they are light to moderate shedders. They only require a bath as needed. But, you will need to be prepared to deal with some extra drool! Floppy ears tend to trap moisture and dirt, which can lead to ear infections. The ideal dental care for dogs is using an enzyme toothpaste or brushing their teeth every day. Dental hygiene chews or treats, a specially-formulated dental care diet, and more can be used to supplement your dental care efforts. The American Bulldog is an athletic and high-energy dog breed. They love daily walks and plenty of playtime outside. They may even enjoy plenty of other activities with you like swimming, hiking , and more. With their working dog background, this dog breed does need a job to do in order to stay happy and healthy. They also tend to be a good candidate for dog sports like obedience, weight pulling, the Iron Dog competition, and more. A fully-grown American Bulldog usually stands inches tall at the shoulder and weighs between pounds. An American Bulldog generally lives for years. Chance, one of the canine stars from the Homeward Bound films, was an American Bulldog. Featured American Bulldog Article. She is 6 months old. She is fun, and energetic. She like cuddling under a blanket. She is some what trained. She dose not have any health condition none that we know of. She is a blue American bulldog. We want to find a good home for her who can take good care of her. There are 4 boys and 6 girls. Both have champion bloodlines. These pups have been raised around kids and other animals and have been started on the potty training process and doing great! They are UTD on shots and worming and almost ready to meet their forever family. Email xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx. My dogs need a new home. Parents are health tested. Puppies will come well socialized, vet checked, mircochipped, ABRA limited registration, up to date on vaccines, and a1 year health guarantee. Puppies will be 8 weeks April 8, and will be ready for their new homes. Puppy nanny is available at buyers expense. Visit our website for more information. Lines untouched all the way back to Johnson kennels in Atlanta. Pups come fully registered, vaccinated, micro-chipped, wormed Biweekly with papers to prove, comes with puppy pack and 18 months health guarantee including hip dysplasia. Visit our website Dukes american bulldogs for more info. They are 12 weeks old,papered, current on shots, dewormed and kennel trained. Raised around kids and other dogs. Sweet American Bulldog puppies for sale. Contact me for more details and some lovely pictures via 2 twe x zero x eight x five x four x nine x nine x four x three 6 six guerreroadrianne at gmail com View Detail Locations Where American Bulldog Puppies are Available in Utah. Their height could be 2 to 3 inches taller than the standard American Bulldog at shoulder height. Save Big On Dog Essentials! Welcome to our pack! Blue American Bulldog coat colors and types White is the only standard American Bulldog color that is accepted, but markings of brown, black, tan, or brindle on a white base coat can be considered. American Bulldog coat colors that are not accepted as standard are lilac, chocolate, black, blue, and merle. Blue merle American Bulldog American Bulldog Blue merle has black and bluish-gray patches on its body making it appear as a merle pattern. Blue fawn American Bulldog American Bulldog with a blue or grayish base coat with some markings of light yellowish tan color on the chest and feet. Blue brindle American Bulldog American Bulldog Blue brindle has tiger-striped markings of blue and black. Blue brindle American Bulldog puppies may appear black at first but would later exhibit the brindle pattern as they mature. Blue and white American Bulldog American Bulldog with a white base coat and some markings of blue on the chest, body, and legs. Blue tri American Bulldog The Color pattern of this American Bulldog has a blue base color with markings of white and tan on the chest, face, and legs. Blue grey American Bulldog puppies Blue grey American Bulldog has a grey brindle coat with some white markings on the face and feet. American Bulldog Blue eyes American Bulldogs generally have brown eyes. But some may ask whether American Bulldogs have blue eyes since the Merle color pattern also occurs in American Bulldogs. So, do American Bulldogs have Blue eyes? When they first open their eyes a few weeks after birth, American Bulldog puppies with Blue eyes are common to see. But, this normally changes into brown when they reach 4 months old. Mature American Bulldogs with Blue eyes usually have a Merle coat pattern. Merle coat color combinations among American Bulldog with Blue eyes typically have a white base color with random splotches of dark colors like black, brown, and blue. Blue nose American Bulldog American Blue nose Bulldog has a blue coat with a matching blue-colored nose. American Bulldog Blue nose usually have both parents that are also blue-nosed. Blue nose American Bulldog puppies would appear black when they are born and within 6 months would exhibit their blue color. You may be interested in: Blue Nose Pitbull Complete Guide American Blue Bulldog temperament The American Bulldog, regardless of color, is a confident, loyal, and fierce protector of his family making them excellent guard dogs. They are energetic and playful, but would not hesitate to snuggle up with their owners for some cuddling. Do Blue American Bulldog make great family pets? Yes, Blue American Bulldogs do make great family pets. They are a great addition to any active family and can get along with children and other pets just as long as they are socialized and introduced early. They may exhibit some aloofness to other animals they are not familiar with and could easily get agitated when in the presence of other rowdy pets. Adult supervision should be maintained when in the presence of young children to avoid any accidents during rough playing. Are Blue American Bulldogs good for first time dog owners? When it comes to their temperament, Blue American Bulldogs are good for first-time dog owners. However, because of their powerful physique, some first-time dog owners may find them quite difficult to handle. Blue American Bulldogs need to be constantly active and trained properly to become well-balanced dogs. Are American Blue Bulldogs affectionate dogs? Yes, American Blue Bulldogs are affectionate and like getting the attention of their owners. It is not uncommon for them to cuddle with you or stay by your side frequently. Are Blue American Bulldogs aggressive dogs? As long as the Blue American Bulldogs are socialized early and exposed to different environments, their aggression due to their territorial nature will be minimized. American Blue Bulldog training Blue American Bulldogs need to be trained early to quickly establish boundaries and routines. They tend to be stubborn, so firm commands with plenty of positive reinforcements are paramount. Overall, they are very receptive to training and easy to handle if you maintain your consistency and keep it fun. Exercise can be split into two sessions one in the morning and another in the late afternoon. Can Blue American Bulldogs swim? Blue American Bulldogs can be taught to swim, but because of their stocky bodies and short snouts, it may be difficult for them to stay afloat for long periods. Providing them with a life vest will solve this problem. American Blue Bulldog living conditions American Bulldogs can adapt to most dwellings provided they are given sufficient exercise. Lack of physical activity will lead to destructive behaviors around the house and could even make them bark excessively. Leaving them alone for too long may lead to separation anxiety and will also result in these unwanted behaviors. Because of their brachycephalic faces, they are also prone to breathing difficulties during extreme temperature changes. This will not only provide their canine companions with some fresh air and sun but also allows their Blue American Bulldog to walk around and exercise. If you also allow your furry friends in your backyard, make sure that it is fully fenced. Some towns or counties may have zoning laws that prohibit physical fences. If you live in one of these towns, a good alternative is to get a wireless dog fence which will also keep your pups safe. Many dog owners will also install an electronic dog door , especially when their fur babies love to head out to the backyard on their own. An automatic doggy door allows your pups to head out and come back in without having the owners open and close the door behind them. So whether you work from home or at the office, your four-legged friends can still enjoy the outdoors during the day. This way, your K9 friends can stay safe indoors at night. American Bulldog Blue grooming and cleaning Only minimal grooming and maintenance are required for this breed because of their short coats. Keeping the folds in their skins free from moisture is necessary to prevent bacterial infections due to excess moisture. They are also known to drool, so wiping their mouths with a towel now and then would be a good idea. If you do need to bathe your Blue American Bulldog, be sure to only use shampoos that are specially designed for dogs. However, we know that it can be a difficult task since many dog owners are busy. Thus, three to four times a week should be fine. Be sure to use a dog toothpaste that contains both an enzymatic formula with a non-foaming agent. Finally, maintaining short nails is essential. If you and your fur babies have had a previous bad experience with a dog clipper, try using a dog nail grinder that features a whisper-quiet motor and a precise diamond bit grinder. Grooming Needs. It is agile on its feet and its chest is wide and somewhat deep. The neck is muscular and tapers from the shoulders to the head. The muzzle and head are square, large and broad with muscular cheeks. There is a defined furrow between their rounded eyes, with a distinct, sharply defined, deep stop. The compact frame of the American Bulldog remains higher on the leg, more agile and swifter than its English counterpart. Some individual dogs are reportedly able to leap six or more feet into the air. Discover more about our American Bulldog puppies for sale below. American Bulldog puppies should have a reverse scissors bite, but a moderate underbite, scissors, or even bite are acceptable. A variety of ear types are acceptable including cropped, rose, half-pricked and forward flap. Their eyes are most often brown but can come in any color. They sometimes have split eyes, where one eye is brown and the other eye is blue. The nose is black, red, brown or grizzle. The lips should be full but not too loose. The front legs are heavy-boned, strong and straight. The hindquarters should be very broad and thick with well-defined muscles. The tail is low-set, begins thick at the base, and tapers to a point. Males are characteristically stockier and heavier boned than the more refined females. The head is large with strong jaws. Agile and light on his feet, the chest is wide and moderately deep, giving the sense of athletic ability and power. Disposition The American Bulldog is loyal, reliable, brave and determined. Not a hostile dog. Alert and self-confident, this breed genuinely loves children. It is known for its acts of heroism toward its master. It has strong protective instincts and needs a firm, confident, consistent pack leader. Well-socialize and obedience train them at an early age, to prevent them from becoming reserved with strangers. Without that strong-minded pack leader who can tell the dog what is expected of it, it may be aggressive with other dogs. They need to be around people and know their place in their pack to be truly happy. This breed tends to drool and slobber. Without enough daily mental and physical exercise they will become high strung and may become hard to handle. Living Conditions American Bulldog puppies will do okay in an apartment if sufficiently exercised. They are relatively inactive indoors and will do best with at least an average-sized yard. Grooming The short, harsh coat is easy to groom. Comb and brush with a firm bristle brush, and bathe only when necessary. This breed is an average shedder. American Bulldog Origin The original American Bulldogs were not only used in the sport of bull-baiting but also by small farmers and ranchers who used them as all-around working dogs for many tasks including as guards and for hunting bear, wild boar, raccoon, and squirrel. The American version of the Bulldog has longer legs, is faster and has better agility than the English show dog. Thanks to the efforts of John D. Johnson of Summerville, Georgia, the American Bulldog exists today. He decided to gather the best specimens he could find from all across the rural South in an effort to bring the American Bulldog back from the brink of extinction. Johnson has been breeding these dogs longer than anyone else in the world, and his father bred them before him. He is the sole reason they exist today. If it were not for his efforts they would be extinct. See store for details on a particular puppy. American Pet Registry, Inc.

We are honored that you are here educating yourself on this very important decision. More than just Puppies for Sale, these are Family Members! Here at the Labradoodle Corral, we understand your puppy is not just a pet — it's a member of your family! We've chosen to breed Australian Labradoodles in Hartford, Wisconsin because of all the wonderful traits these dogs have come to be known for. Australian Labradoodles are good with children and are easy to train. They get along great with other dogs. They are extremely clever, sociable and joyful, and quick to learn unusual or special tasks. Active, a little comical at times, Australian Labrodoodles will attempt to outsmart their owner if undisciplined. Friendly and very loyal to their own family, these dogs are non-aggressive. Australian Labradoodle Sizes: Micro: 12"" at shoulder. Weight: lbs. Whatever size you're looking for, we've got it. Adopt a Labradoodle Puppy from the Wisconsin Breeder You Can Trust Based in the Midwest , our Labradoodle puppies are home raised right here on the ranch with plenty of love, care and exercise. We have 16 acres in southeastern Wisconsin with woods, fields and horses. Beginning at a young age we socialize our puppies with children and other pets to ensure they have a well-rounded temperament and are family-ready when they come home. They get car rides, are held every day, receive beginning training to stay close, come when they are called and are litter and crate trained for you. They will be able to walk up and down steps, have received sound training thunder, horns, vacuum, hair dryer, fireworks, door bells, etc. We listen carefully to your family's story and match you with an adopted puppy best suited for your unique lifestyle and personality. At the Labradoodle Corral we take breeding very seriously and strive for the betterment of the Australian Labradoodle breed. All of our breeding dogs are meticulously selected to ensure the highest quality of puppies for their forever home. Live further? Give us a call. Quick story: We gave 2 of our 6 month old pups a chew treat. When pup 1 was finished with hers, she tried to get the treat away from pup 2. After 10 minutes of relentless trying, pup 1 was still not successful. So she went over by the door and rang the bell to go outside. When I got up and opened the door, pup 2 got up and went outside. Pup 1 walked over and successfully picked up the sought after chew toy. True story. Active and quite comical, they are a treat to be around. It is very important that you are this dog's firm but calm, consistent pack leader and provide them with daily mental and physical exercise. Friendly and very loyal to its family, these dogs are very social and non-aggressive. They are pure joy to have as a companion and you will wonder how you ever got along without one. Contact the premier Wisconsin Labradoodle breeder today to find out about our available Australian Labradoodle puppies. Read More About Our Australian Labradoodles and their origin This classic example of logical and planned crossbreeding was created in the country of Australia in the s. The goal of the Australian clubs is to create a new "breed" with the best attributes of the original breeds. The original objective was to produce assistance dogs that do not shed hair for people with allergies. Australians, on the other hand, have taken the Labradoodle a few steps further. In mid it was announced that the Australian Labradoodle was not just a Labrador x Poodle cross , but was a breed in its own right developed over many years with particular goals in mind. To accomplish these goals, further development was done with parent breed infusions added to the already blooming Labrador x Poodle cross lines. The developers of the breed sought out the best way in which to compliment the Australian Labradoodle breed, and to develop the authentic qualities that they find and love in these dogs. In the very first Australian Labradoodle Breed Standard was written which reflected these goals. The Australian Labradoodle currently consists of 6 different breeds in its origin. We truly believe our Australian Labradoodles are the best dog available and will make a great addition to your family. Conveniently located between Milwaukee, Madison and Chicago , we are here to help puppies find their forever home with your family. For more information on Australian Labradoodles contact the Midwest based Labradoodle experts at the Labradoodle Corral. All Rights Reserved. My mission at Doodles of the Valley is to produce, healthy, family raised, affordable Goldendoodles for your family or service. Each litter is raised in our homes, not in kennels, for proper social environment with both people and other dogs. Go to both our Upcoming Puppies page and our Moms and Dads page to read more about our future litters. One of these wonderful puppies could be in your home in .I want to stress that I breed for temperament first and then coat, color and size. Temperament is always most important when choosing your next family dog. Contact me so we can discuss which of my litters would be best for your particular family and needs and I will do all this at what I believe to be a reasonable price that the average family can afford. Sometimes, you may have to wait a bit but your pup will be well worth the wait. I will do my absolute best to place the best possible match for your particular family situation. The temperament of our puppies is absolutely wonderful, making them a perfect pet for you, your children and grandchildren of all ages. .My own Fergie and Lucy both now retired were working Therapy Dogs. Here's me and Fergie retired. She' would be almost .We lost Fergie a short time ago. She lived a long and happy life with us and we miss her every day. I loved her more than I can say. If you like my Doodles and this site, please "share" with your friends. Thank you for that. Many Dood's just love agility. Here's Anna enjoying her agility class with her Goldendoodle, Maria. Here's Lucy. They had a great time and Lucy's learning quickly. Congratulations to Lucy and Jerry. Have fun on our website. Go to our contact page and ask any questions or just call. We just love to talk Doodles. Here's our doodles. As you can see we really do enjoy all of our doodles, along with many of their puppies who stay in our area. I do not sell to breeders. We raise high-quality Mini Labradoodles as well as a few other breeds. We also have partnered up with several other reputable breeders that raise mini labradoodle pups that meet our strict genetic criteria and testing. So we usually have a good selection of very high-quality puppies. View Our Available Puppies! F1B Mini Labradoodle Puppies are a second-generation cross or hybrid. The father is a Mini Poodle and the mother is an F1 Labradoodle. The F1B Minature Labradoodles usually have soft hair that is usually wavy or curly. Thes puppies are considered semi-hypoallergenic since they shed minimally. These puppies can be a good fit if a person that has mild pet allergies. Once F1B Mini Labradoodles reach 6 months old they require to be groomed once every 8 weeks or so to keep their fur healthy and to stop matting. Adult F1B Mini labradoodle dogs range in size from 14 inches in height and pounds in weight. The average life span is typically years of age. The F1BB puppies usually have curlier coats and will be totally hypoallergenic. Once the F1BB pup is 6 months they will need regular grooming every 6 to 8 weeks. F1BB Puppies are usually slightly smaller than F1B puppies and range from 12 inches in height and pounds in weight. Mini Labradoodles are known for their intelligence and the ability to be trained very easily. They make amazing family pets and love to participate in family activities like swimming, hiking, camping or just playing tag in the yard. This breed is also a good choice for people who live in apartments as long as they get at least minutes of exercise a day. So if you live near Cross Plains Wisconsin and are looking for a healthy and beautiful Mini Labradoodle puppy that can be delivered to you then check out our available pups now by Clicking Here. Below are some Mini Labradoodle pups that have been adopted. Looking for the perfect Hanukkah or Christmas present? A Spring puppy.Our waitlist is open and we are accepting deposits. My Labradoodle changed and enriched my life. I promised myself that if I was ever able to find the perfect dogs with outstanding pedigrees I would do it once. After our first breeding and puppy training experience our family fell in love. Our children experienced a world that one cannot teach a child without seeing and experiencing in their everyday life. They were opened to a world of emotional and physical sacrifice, and tender loving joy. Our goal going forward is to create Low- No shedding dogs in a variety of sizes, with a Teddy Bear look. What makes us different from other breeders? We pride ourselves in our authentic approach to breeding and training. Our loving integrity is shown in the quality of puppies we breed, raise, and train. We are truly fortunate and blessed to be able to breed dogs that are desirable for the busy family. Since we know how important the puppy prep-school training is for the success for the adoptive family, we keep the puppies on a tight training schedule. We care for our puppies around the clock with puppy-sitters. Exercise and Nutrition is of utmost importance to us. We feed our dogs Fromm dog food. When a mother dog is pregnant and nursing our mother dog receives platinum care. She is fed a high-protein Organic diet, along with vitamin supplements to ensure proper nutrition to herself as well as her puppies. Our mother dog enjoys the special attention she receives. IF a mother dog is treated like a Queen she will take even better care of her little princes, and princesses. Our breeding dogs live the life of luxury in their own private family environment. Since we do not believe a dog should exist to breed or live their life in a kennel we use Guardian families. Our parent dogs stay with their family until delivery. We add value to adoptive families by providing a fully crate trained, potty-bell trained, and sleep through the night puppy service. We work hard and do not sleep much so that you can.

Share 0 Shares Finding the right breeder for your Golden Retriever is important. You might be shopping for pet-quality puppies, but most AKC-registered breeders also sell pet-quality dogs out of each litter. This means that there is no reason not to buy from a breeder that is AKC-recognized to ensure that you get a healthy dog that will be free of genetic flaws. In rare instances, there are breeders who intentionally create a litter of pet-quality puppies each year. You might pay less for these dogs, but you will need to make sure that the breeder is still doing all the right genetic testing and care for the litter of puppies before and after they have arrived. Getting a Golden Retriever puppy is exciting, and you will want to be sure that none of the fun is taken out of the process by working with a poor-quality breeder. You will just need to use this guide to help you to track down the right breeder for your needs. Remember that there are different types of Golden Retrievers , and you might need to verify that the breeder you are interested in has the dogs that you are looking for. You can never ask too many questions of the breeders that you are planning to get a puppy from as this is a very important decision. Arkansas River Golden Retrievers are managed with pride by the family, and they work hard to create healthy litters of puppies that can be AKC registered or that can be enjoyed as family companions. They manage a large group of breeding dogs that offer different coat patterns and textures as well as different conformations and temperaments. This breeder is very busy, and you will be added to a waiting list when you are looking for a puppy. You will need to fill out an application on their site and then discuss your goals and plans for your dog with them. You will be able to select from pet-quality as well as show-quality dogs with this breeder. The price for puppies varies depending on the quality of the puppy and the care that was needed to create the litter, plus any added fees for outside stud dogs. The breeder promises to send AKC registration papers with each puppy they sell, but you are not required to pay to register your puppy. Pet-quality dogs must be spayed or neutered so that they cannot be bred. Puppy deposits are not refunded for changes of heart, but the breeder promises to refund the money if the litter does not get bred that year or they themselves do not choose to sell the puppy. Puppies and parent dogs are carefully tested for any genetic conditions, as well as provided care for parasites and given routine health checkups. Depending on the age at which the puppy is released to its new owner, vaccinations may or may not have been completed for the puppy. This breeder wants every dog they breed to have a lifelong home. If you feel that your puppy is not working out, the breeder will take the dog back. People love this breeder for its affordable prices, their commitment to their dogs, and their passion for creating pets and show-quality animals. They are easy to work with and love what they do. Name of Owner. Choosing the right food to feed your new pet is crucial to their overall health and well-being and should be done with careful thought and consideration. Delivering the ultimate balance of quality meats, animal fats, vitamins, and minerals, TLC provides everything your pet needs to develop into a strong, healthy, and energetic companion. Premium quality pet food, made using wholesome, natural ingredients Delivered fresh and delivered FREE to your door No risk, money-back guarantee Schedule using Autoship and never worry about running out of food! You can change, adjust and cancel Autoship anytime, giving you the flexibility you need as your pet grows. This starts as soon as you bring your new puppy home! Puppies express their wants and needs through certain behaviors - and not all of those behaviors are considered "desirable" by typical dog standards. Most owners try to redirect those behaviors and aim for the "desirable" one without pausing to think about why the behavior is occurring in the first place. Click the button for a fantastic article about mand training and how it can benefit the bond between you and your puppy. What is an English Cream Golden Retriever? Read the answer to this common question here: English Cream Golden Retriever The relationship between a potential new family member and us is special. Our website includes information about us, our facility and Golden Retrievers, and how we raise our puppies with our Foundational Start program. Our program has years of experience working with veterinarians, trainers, and training programs. We love that our program has allowed our families to achieve a wonderful companion dog and, in many cases, a service and therapy dog working with them. I have personally been to their facility, and the cleanliness and loving environment blows me away every single time. The amount of veterinary care and health testing to ensure they meet quality standards is second to none. Plus have a beautiful pond for our Goldens to swim. We meet most of our families in Dallas DFW that fly in from all over the country, coast to coast, from Alaska to Maine. We raise our English Golden Retrievers in the comforts of a home environment. We built a dog home, we call the Wisteria Golden Lodge with a bedroom, kitchen, and living room they share with us humans. While their environment, food quality, vitamins, love, and care are essential for providing families with a well-balanced socialized puppy, health is a priority. As genetic testing progresses, some of our younger dogs will have DM Degenerative Myelopathy. Our complete panel of tests includes health tests for the heart, eye, and elbows, and we do PennHip testing for their hips. Use tab to navigate through the menu items. We are serious hobby breeders of beautiful Golden Retrievers, located in central Arkansas. Let us introduce ourselves, Julie and Randy Lewis. We are natives of Little Rock, Arkansas and both grew up in the country just west of town. Our families both had dogs from day one. We learned to love them and realize that life would never be as full without paw prints on the floor and sloppy doggie kisses to make us smile. We are thrilled to be able to fulfill a lifelong dream of raising fabulous Golden Retrievers to enrich the lives of others. Julie's Dad, Tery Baskin, did a lot of duck hunting and usually had a Golden Retriever by his side during those hunts. After graduating from college, she was involved with animal rescue groups, fostering many dogs of all breeds and placing them in homes. They have the combination of temperament, personality, intelligence, looks, and a desire to please that is unsurpassed by any other breed. Julie decided that if she ever had the chance she would love to raise happy, healthy, well adjusted Golden Retriever puppies to enrich the lives of well deserving families. After spending years in banking, Julie decided the time was right to make her dream come true. She now is a stay at home doggie mom. She loves having the time to interact with her older dogs, compete in the confirmation ring, dock diving, and other dog sports, socializing the puppies and provide the best home she can for her beloved Golden Retrievers. We are lucky enough to live out in the country with acres of land where our dogs can romp and play daily. We also love taking our dogs to our lake house for swimming and boating! She has made lifelong friends through her love of this breed. Julie is fortunate to have a husband who loves animals as much as she does. Randy was an automotive mechanic for 13 years and then sold Auto parts for 6 years. He is now working at Paramount Metal Systems as an Estimator. His passion in life is everything to do with cars and trucks. When he is not in his shop tinkering with his antique car, he enjoys hunting, fishing and spending time with the dogs, cats, and horses. Our entire life, before and during marriage we have had a passion about animals. You name them, we had them. Big birds hawks little birds parakeets dogs, cats, horses and a few hampsters. Then came the big life changer. Our oldest son got a Golden Retreiver and named her Bear. He took her with him to Jonesboro, Arkansas where he was living at the time. When Bear died at about 14 years of age, a part of our hearts went with her. She waited until the family was all around her, looked at us and collapsed. Our vet told us she had everyone she loved around her and knew it was okay to go ahead of us. It took us over two years to heal enough to start looking for another Golden. I started searching out Golden Retreivers. I called Veternerians to ask for their advice. I called ads in the paper and had some horrifying results. Finally I found one vet that referred me to a breeder, who referred me on to her mother. This is when I learned about English Creme Retreivers. The more I learned, the more I wanted to learn. There is an essence about a Golden that has to be felt as opposed to described. They seem to see right into your soul. In Goldens I have found my passion. We want to do all that we are able to improve the breed. We have searched and still are searching to find just the right Goldens to add to our family. We also have two of our homegrown girls. Isabella our beautiful girl from Augie and Annie is living separate from us with her family, our son and daughter in law, Michael and Eleshia. Our four legged family is family and will always be a part of our family…forever. Willows are graceful, peaceful, yet very strong trees. They like to grow near ponds, lakes or bodies of water. They grow very quickly. They have many of the same attributes of our Goldens. Cross, well, cross is pretty much self explanatory. Our dogs are family, they live with us, play with us, snuggle with us. We do not have outside kennels, although I know many very nice breeders do. Our goal is to raise, healthy, well adjusted, bright and beautiful goldens that will enhance your family as they have done ours. Because we are very careful about who we breed and when we breed, if you want one of our puppies, you just might have to wait. If you choose to wait, you will not be disappointed. We live in the beautiful Ozarks among lakes, mountains and lots of trails. Personal visits to meet our beautiful golden family are available by appointment. Please enjoy our website. It is still under construction — but if you have any questions or comments you are welcome to contact us anytime. Your comments, questions and inquiries are always welcome. You can contact us by phone: Cell Phone: Or feel free to email us at nancyanneziegler gmail.

A 6-week-old German Shepherd needs to eat frequently for optimal growth. Aim for four small meals per day to provide a steady supply of nutrients and energy. Meal Schedule: Establish a routine with four meals a day. Pups love consistency! You want to feel their ribs without them being visible. Of course, always have clean, fresh water available. Pups get thirsty too! You can also add some canned, wet food mixed in to encourage them to finish their meals and add a bit more enticing flavor. German Shepherds tend to be prone to sensitive stomachs , so stay alert to any symptoms of digestive upset. As your pup grows, read more about what to feed your German Shepherd puppy. Potty Training: No More Oopsies! Take them outside every minutes, especially after meals, naps, and playtimes. Watch for signs like sniffing the floor or wandering behind furniture. Reward them with praise and treats when they go outside to reinforce the behavior. After Activities: Take them out after eating, playing, or waking up from a nap. These are prime potty times. Puppy Signals: Watch for signs like sniffing, circling, or restlessness. Praise and Treats: When they do their business outside, celebrate with praise and treats. Positive reinforcement works wonders! Choose an appropriately-sized crate, making it cozy with bedding and toys. Gradually introduce them to it with short, positive experiences. Over time, the crate becomes a safe haven, aiding in housebreaking and providing a sense of security for your pup. Crate training can be a game-changer for potty training! Crate as Safe Haven: Make the crate comfy with a blanket and some toys. Pups love their cozy den. It prevents accidents and helps them learn bladder control. One of the keys to raising a happy and healthy pup is understanding their sleep needs and providing the right exercises. On average, they sleep for about 18 to 20 hours a day. Puppies need these long beauty rests to grow and develop properly. Puppy Lullaby: Soft, soothing music or white noise can help them drift off into puppy dreamland. Keep their crates or beds in the same room you sleep in for the first few months. You can slowly transition them to sleeping in their own room without you. Short, frequent bursts of playtime are the way to go. Enjoy these exercises for a German Shepherd puppy: Short Walks: At this age, around 5 minutes of gentle leash walking is plenty. Think of it as a leisurely stroll and not a full-on workout and stick to just 3 short strolls a day. Avoid High Impact: Never run or jog with your dog at this young age. Let them set the pace. Tug of War: A good old game of tug can be a blast for your pup. Fetch: Start with short throws and a soft toy. Hide and Seek: Hide treats around the house in puppy-safe spots, of course and let them use their nose to find them. Sniffaris: Sniffing is great for their brain development at this age. Avoid Steps: Never let your 6-week-old puppy climb stairs because they could seriously injure themself. Remember, their little bodies are still developing, so keep it light and fun. And always keep an eye on their energy levels. If they seem tired, let them rest. Begin with gentle brushing sessions to familiarize them with the process. Here are some grooming tips to get you started: Gentle Introduction: Begin by introducing your puppy to the grooming process gradually. Let them sniff and explore the grooming tools before you start. Brushing: Use a soft brush suitable for their delicate puppy fur. Brush in the direction of hair growth to prevent discomfort. A pair of grooming gloves works wonders for keeping things gentle for your pup. Frequency: Start with short, gentle brushing sessions a few times a week. As they grow, increase the frequency to daily brushing to remove the most shedding. Bathing: Sometimes your little pup might get into a mess and need a bath. Always use a gentle puppy shampoo that helps ensure a comfortable and itch-free coat. Eye and Ear Check: While grooming, inspect their eyes and ears for any signs of irritation or discharge. Wipe their floppy ears if you find any dirt or wax on the outside of the ear canal. Remember to reward your pup with treats and praise during and after each grooming session to make it a positive experience. As they get older, follow a brushing routine to keep their coats in top shape. Enjoy this special time bonding together! The first vaccinations, called the primary vaccinations, are given when a dog is eight weeks old, but you need to prepare for their appointment and make scheduling arrangements. Make an appointment now for these vaccines and a health check. Until your pup has had the first full set of vaccinations, they should stay in your home and yard only. Eight weeks old is considered the safe age to bring a new puppy home. Your main priority is to keep your baby safe and healthy. You have a long life ahead with your Shepherd baby. One in three dogs needs vet treatment every year source. Insurance protects you from large, unexpected bills incurred when your pup is unwell, injured, or in an accident, and helps offset routine medical treatments. Your 6-week-old German Shepherd pup is like a blank canvas waiting to be painted with tons of unforgettable moments with you. Enjoy the tail-wagging ride ahead with your six week old German Shepherd! Before you go, why not grab this helpful freebie? Download it now and take the first step toward ensuring your furry friend reaches their full potential. Your baby German Shepherd deserves the best — grab your tracker and start tracking today! A 6-week-old German Shepherd typically weighs between 7 to 15 pounds. Males tend to be on the higher end of the scale and females on the lower end. In terms of height, they are generally around 8 to 10 inches tall at the shoulder. Individual puppies may vary, but this provides a general guideline for their size and weight at this age. You can also add a few spoonfuls of wet dog food mixed in to encourage them to finish their meals and increase their hydration. Can I give my 6 week old German Shepherd puppy a bath? Always use a gentle, puppy-specific shampoo when you do give them a bath, and be sure to rinse thoroughly to avoid skin irritation. She has a Bachelor of Science degree, with Honors, and has been training dogs for over a decade. Related Posts. This is vitally important for early socialization and training purposes since the mother dog and littermates will naturally help the puppy to develop certain important canine etiquette and social skills they will use for the rest of their life. Any reputable German Shepherd breeder will not release a puppy to their new forever home before the age of eight weeks at the earliest. In such a short space of time, a tiny puppy is replaced by a nearly full-grown adult dog! Considering that the AKC currently has breeds registered, this is a pretty amazing ranking! In fact, these dogs were developed by a former German cavalry captain named Max von Stephanitz. His goal was to create the perfect herding dog. Captain von Stephanitz founded the breed club and kept a watchful eye over the development of the breed for decades until his death in .But in , UK breeders changed the name back to the German Shepherd. Everywhere else around the world, the name that is most commonly used is simply the German Shepherd. People love the German Shepherd for their loyalty , strength, intelligence, athleticism, playfulness, beauty, and bravery. German Shepherds are arguably the most in-demand dogs for K-9 work in the military, police force, private security , and personal protection. Birth Birth, or whelping as it is called for canines, is a big process for a puppy to go through and an even bigger job for the mother dog, as Kennels von Lotta German Shepherds breeder points out. Most German Shepherd dog moms give birth naturally. If all goes well, the mother dog whelps each puppy, removes them from the placental sack, and licks them clean. This process continues until all the puppies are born. As soon as the puppies are born, the mother has to nurse them. When that is done, she has to lick them to get them to pee and poop. And after that, she has to cuddle with them to keep them warm while they sleep. German Shepherd puppies are born blind and deaf. Their only active senses are touch and smell. One week old By the age of one week seven days , a German Shepherd puppy will have doubled in weight. More excitingly, their eyes and ears will have begun to open, according to VomGeliebtenHaus German Shepherds breeder. Regardless of what their coat coloration and eye color will be in adulthood, all German Shepherd puppies typically are born with all-black coats and blue eyes. Interestingly, experienced German Shepherd breeders say that it is easy to see individual personality traits starting even at one week of age. The incisors are typically the first teeth to show up and they are tiny and sharp. The puppies are starting to explore a bit more and gain a little bit of control over their own elimination function. However, they are still very reliant on their mom. Three weeks old Three weeks is when it starts to get exciting to be a German Shepherd puppy. They start to look less like marionette puppets and more like dogs, walking with at least a semblance of coordination and jumping around and playing with their littermates. They can hear well and see much more clearly. This is usually when breeders begin active socialization with people so the puppies will be comfortable with being handled and played with. Four weeks old By the age of four weeks old, the puppies are starting to engage in serious play, including mock fighting and games. They begin to look a lot more like the adult dogs they are yet to become and gain greater independence from the mother dog. Speaking of fearless, week four is when puppies have their full set of puppy teeth and their little puppy claws on top of that. So it is not surprising the mother dog gets more forceful about establishing boundaries with the puppies this week. Those little claws and teeth are razor-sharp! Five weeks old German Shepherd dogs can easily produce litters of up to eight puppies, which is so cute and precious when the puppies are young. But once those puppies start to get bigger and stronger and begin to eat more and eliminate more, this can mean a whole lot of cleanup for the mother dog and the breeder! This is why five weeks old is the age that most breeders begin to introduce the concept of outdoor potty breaks. Six weeks old By the age of six weeks old, the puppies are finally old enough to start eating more solid foods and to get the first of their important vaccination treatments, distemper and parvovirus and, optionally, Bordetella. Six weeks old is also an important time for introducing strange people so the puppies get used to meeting and interacting with potential new owners. The puppies are bigger and stronger now and are very curious and playful. After all, your puppy is eating solid food, has all their puppy teeth and claws, is able to hear and see clearly, is playful and curious, and has been exposed to different people and socialized by their mom and littermates. What could possibly go wrong? But for general purposes, canine researchers believe the most critical period happens between the age of six weeks and the age of 10 weeks, with specific fears taking shape around weeks eight through .This is the time period when puppies begin to intensively socialize and interact with their littermates, human carers, and others, forming bonds or aversions as each situation or interaction may warrant. As Dr. This is one key reason why it is smart to work only with a GSD breeder that will not release puppies until after the tenth week. This way, the puppy is able to move through the fear period in very familiar and trusted surroundings with the mom and littermates. However, this is not to say that if you brought your German Shepherd puppy home when they were younger than 10 weeks old that you will have any problems. Some puppies make it through the fear period just fine without any trauma. How to Manage the Fear Period for a Six Week Old German Shepherd Puppy If you are preparing to welcome your new German Shepherd puppy into your family, you may be feeling justifiably worried about managing the fear period effectively. So is there anything you need to know or do to make sure your young puppy feels safe, secure, and loved right from day one of their new life with you? As a matter of fact, there are some things you can do to set your puppy up for success right away. You will especially want to supervise young children to make sure they handle your puppy with appropriate sensitivity and gentleness. A German Shepherd puppy that is properly socialized to the youngest family members will grow up to be a staunch guardian and protector to all. Establish a consistent daily routine For a young puppy, in particular, a consistent routine is key to comfort and feelings of safety. Begin socialization and training immediately While it can feel tempting to go easy for the first few days and just let your new puppy get settled in, this can actually be counterproductive to building your bond together. A better strategy is to start every aspect of training from potty training to crate training to sleep training right away. Your puppy will have come to you from a structured environment established by the mother dog and the breeder. The more closely you can match and maintain that structure, making gradual adjustments as needed for your own daily life schedule, the more easily and quickly your puppy will adjust to life away from the litter and their mother. Your German Shepherd breeder likely required you to take your new puppy for a veterinary checkup right away, and this will give you an excellent baseline against which to compare growth and development in the coming weeks. Get into the habit of weighing and measuring your puppy each week and paying close attention to food and water intake, exercise and playtime, and sleep cycles. This is also the best way to quickly identify if there are any emerging health issues that need your attention. This is why people love this breed so much. Luckily, there is lots of help available. People who love the GSD breed are usually delighted to provide a new owner with assistance. Though it is still getting used to the world it lives in, it is socializing and making new friends, getting to know its owner You better. Also, 6 weeks is the age at which you should eliminate bad habits, and teach a German Shepherd bite inhibition. Though it is gained at a very high rate, as a trade-off, the dog needs a lot of food to keep up that energy. On average, a 1. And the weight will be around 3. Also, at the age of 6 weeks, your German Shepherd will grow at the fastest rate in his early life. Be cautious and never forget! To give it more than enough food and your adult GSD will be very strong and athletic. Bite Inhibition As well as everything above, during this young age, the puppy has to understand some things about biting. In particular, the biting inhibition. Without proper training, the pup may and probably will bite uncontrollably, for any possible reason, in the future. And you surely understand what that means. But how do you train it: Firstly, at that young age, any dog will get distracted and probably will stop any action including biting if it hears a loud noise. As such, you may as well emit this voice any time a dog comes to bite you or somebody else. Otherwise, you can let the dog play with you and train its teeth. They would be very helpful in the future as well, if you plan on continuing the training. Hence you will also need to care for the said puppy with more effort. For example, sometimes the babies may get ill due to their immunity wearing down because of growth and age. And that means that sometimes the puppy will need medical attention. Take it to a medical clinic etc. The German Shepherd is still too young for that. Also, never leave the dog inside a closed house for too long. Let them breathe with fresh outside air from time to time. Probably the mother will walk and guide her puppies on such walks. Conclusion In the end, caring for the puppy in the age of 6 weeks is about the same, as if the dog was 5 weeks old. Though there are some differences, including the bite inhibition training, increased amount of care, as well as the effort to help your puppy develop into a strong and representative adult German Shepherd. So good luck with making them the best as well. And thank you for reading.

Whether you're looking for a Goldendoodle or Bernedoodle puppy to add to your family, you can be confident that our kennel provides the highest quality puppies for sale. We take the extra step to make sure that each and every pup is healthy and happy in its new home. With our friendly staff and years of experience, we make sure our customers are receiving only the best expertise and advice when searching for their dream pup. Doodles are a popular choice for people looking for a good family pet, since they're intelligent, loyal, loving, and have low-shedding coats. We have been breeding these amazing animals for years and make sure to p rovi de them with the best care possible before they make their way to you. Our puppies are well-socialized and come from strong, healthy lines. We also conduct health testing on all of our puppies before they go home, so you can rest assured that your new puppy will be a happy and healthy bundle of joy. Contact Us Goldendoodle Puppies for sale Goldendoodle puppies are a great companion for both adults and children. They have an outgoing, friendly personality that makes them easy to get along with. They also require minimal grooming and exercise, making them ideal for busy households. Goldendoodle puppies make wonderful additions to any family. We have goldendoodle puppies for sale throughout the year. You can reach out to us to reserve a pup from an upcoming litter, or find out more about this lovely designer breed. Goldendoodle Puppies in Indiana If you're looking for a Goldendoodle puppy to add a little love and joy to your life, you've come to the right place. We offer the highest quality goldendoodle puppies for sale in Indiana. With beautiful coats of fur and personalities that are sure to make them the perfect addition to any family, our puppies make the perfect companion. We have a variety of sizes, colors and temperaments to choose from so you can find the puppy that's right for you. Plus, all of our puppies receive top-level care and are up to date on their vaccinations. Our fluffy little pups are ready for their loving forever homes and can't wait to meet you. They come with all of the necessary vaccinations and health clearances from experienced veterinarians. Plus, you get a comprehensive guide on puppy care so you can provide the best possible start for your new pup. Our team is always here to answer any questions you may have and help make sure you're settled in with your new family member. Sometimes called a Goldenpoo or Goldenoodle, the Miniature Goldendoodle is created by crossing a miniature or toy Poodle with a Golden Retriever. The result is a mild, friendly, family dog that looks like a teddy bear come to life. Their energy level matches the Poodle genes while their gentleness and willingness to please is reflective of the Golden Retriever. They are devoted friends who crave cuddles and will follow you around just to be near you. They are smart dogs with a silly streak. They are loving and loyal and gentle enough to make good playmates for kids. Their intelligence makes them easy to train. This breed has a happy disposition and a friendly, affectionate nature. They crave close contact at all times, and they can develop separation anxiety if you leave them alone too long. They typically get along well with other dogs and other pets. They are eager, excitable, and enthusiastic about outings of all kinds. Their heads are rounded and their ears are floppy and wide-set. Their eyes are large and expressive and noses are typically black. Their muzzles are short to medium with a scissor bite. They have long and fluffy or feathered tails. Mini Goldendoodles have wavy to curly hair and they do not have an undercoat, making them a great choice for people with allergies. While they are considered hypoallergenic, some allergy-sufferers may still experience symptoms. They can be: Black. Standard Goldendoodles can weigh anywhere between 50 and 90 pounds. Personality The place where the Goldendoodle puppy really excels is its personality. Its breed is known for being simultaneously intelligent and adoring. A Goldendoodle puppy is very sociable, which makes them perfect animals for households with children and other animals or pets, even cats. Just like the Labradoodle, this breed requires correct socialization to ensure they get used to different sights, sounds and smells during puppyhood. This means taking your Goldendoodle to plenty of doggy-friendly parks so they can meet canine friends and introducing them to other people. Our Goldendoodle puppies for sale are fully trained Doodles, so you can focus on the fun bits, like bonding, eating food and playing. These dogs prefer to live in a house with a gated backyard where they can get regular exercise breaks. Do They Like to Play? Goldendoodle Puppy Training These clever dogs are perfect for first-time dog owners because Goldendoodles love to please and take great pride in learning new skills. Are Goldendoodles Intelligent? Both of its poodle and golden retriever parent breeds are known for their intelligence and trainability, and Goldendoodles have inherited this breed trait. This means the person training a Goldendoodle needs to be strong-willed, firm and consistent — but never harsh or aggressive. Much like a poodle, Doodles are sensitive dogs, and positive reinforcement is a must to bring out the best in them. How Obedient Are They? Goldendoodle pups adore human company, and making their pet parents happy brings them genuine satisfaction. As such, correct puppy training produces a highly obedient and loyal adult Goldendoodle. Older adults, people with disabilities and individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders can benefit significantly from the warmth and sweetness of these adorable Goldendoodle pups. Are They Easy to Train? Doodle puppies can be mischievous and cheeky, but aggression is practically unheard of. So as long as you treat them with the same gentle respect they offer, a Goldendoodle is one of the easiest dog breeds to train. Goldendoodles have loads of energy and require regular exercise to maintain a healthy weight and calm temperament. A Goldendoodle need a moderately high level of outdoor activity — usually a minimum of 30 minutes, but ideally one hour, of moderate to vigorous exercise per day will keep Goldendoodle puppies at their best. Unlike puppy mills, all good puppy and dog breeders provide a certificate that shows health clearances. At Pride and Prejudoodles, our tests cover common health conditions. As such, you have peace of mind when purchasing your new puppy from us. How Long Do Goldendoodles Live? Goldendoodles live for between 10 and 15 years. We hope you found our guide informative. Please contact us with any other questions you have about our Goldendoodle puppies for adoption.

An Australian Labradoodle will bring lots of joy and love to your household for years to come. The following is a list of must-have items that will help you raise a healthy, well-behaved Labradoodle puppy. Kennel and Exercise Pen X-Pen A new puppy must be supervised or confined to a safe, puppy-proof area at all times. Proper confinement aids potty training and keeps your puppy from engaging in potentially dangerous activities, like chewing electrical cords or getting into the trash. A kennel provides a cozy, private place where your puppy can sleep at night and rest for short periods during the day. Kennels are typically metal or plastic and come in a variety of sizes. Most adult Labradoodles require a inch crate. X-pens are available in metal or plastic and can be easily configured to fit a variety of spaces. Bedding Bedding will keep your puppy comfortable and cozy while in the kennel or x-pen. Be sure to choose something that is comfortable, but easy to wash. Old towels or blankets will do, or you can purchase bedding made specifically for dogs. Collar with ID Tag and Leash When selecting a collar and leash, there are many colors and styles to choose from. Your puppy will grow fast, so select a collar that can be easily adjusted to different sizes. Be sure to attach ID tags with your address and phone number, in case your puppy gets lost. A 6-foot leash is usually the perfect length. Toys, Chews, and Treats Puppies love to play, explore, and chew on everything in site. Tennis balls, Frisbees, fleece toys, Nylabones, and Kongs are all great, inexpensive choices. A variety of treats can be used to reward your puppy for good behaviors. Food and Water Bowls Choose ceramic or stainless steel bowls for your new puppy. Purchase a good quality dry food from a pet supply store, as opposed to the cheaper brands sold in most grocery stores. Quality food has fewer preservatives and the essential nutrients your puppy needs to live a long, healthy life. By reducing or eliminating the scent, your puppy will not be tempted to return to the same area to repeat the offense. For yard cleanup, a pooper-scooper is the ideal tool to get the job done. Use a soft bristle brush on your new puppy, gradually introducing a soft slicker brush. Ideally, your puppy should visit the groomer every months. Love and Affection Enjoy your new puppy and have fun! There are bound to be mistakes along the way, but time really does fly. Remember to take plenty of pictures and videos as your puppy transitions into a well-behaved adult. As long as the product does the intended job. Each puppy comes with a comprehensive health guarantee, so you can be sure that your new furry friend is healthy and happy. They also give back to the pet community by supporting animal-related charities and initiatives. Overall, PuppySpot is a convenient and ethical way to find your perfect Labradoodle puppy. So why not check them out and add a new furry family member to your home? Preparing Your House — The Basics Besides getting all of the necessary supplies a Labradoodle puppy will need, you will also have to ensure that your home itself is prepared for a puppy. What can they reach? Where will they sniff around? You have to address all manner of safety issues before your puppy arrives home. Designated House-Training Area House training, and many other kinds of training, should start as soon as your puppy moves in. Designated Sleeping Area For the first couple of weeks, it has been proven more successful when you have your puppy sleep in a crate beside your bed than in some other room in your home. Your puppy will be able to feel asleep a lot easier if they know they are close to you. So unless you enjoy having to move a single crate around your home every single day, it could be a good idea to have one for your bedroom and one for whatever other room you have planned to be their future sleeping spot. You could equip the crates with nothing more than just a waterproof mat and something to comfort them such as an old t-shirt or rag from the breeder. Baby Gates Puppy gates or baby gates, getting a few of these around your house before bringing your puppy home is a good idea. Not only are they important for training purposes, but for their own safety, they are absolutely vital. Electric Cables This is something a lot of people overlook, but it can potentially be life-threatening if not taken care of. Designated Daily Area It can be challenging enough to look after a puppy, so having a sectioned-off room or area for them can help you significantly. Before you bring your puppy home, consider having a designated area for them set up and ready for use. In this area, there should be their crate, water, food bowls, assorted toys, treats, and some cleaning products ready to use. Final Check of the Home As I mentioned above, your new Labradoodle puppy will probably surprise you with their never-ending curiosity. Having Several of the Right Kinds of Toys With new puppies, a lot of the questions I hear typically have something to do with their mouths. Their teeth, chewing, biting,… the list goes on. So this is something that we have to take a look at. And you should also remember that when bringing a new puppy home, it might not have received any worthwhile training at all. This is why having a lot of the right kinds of toys will be very beneficial and helpful to both you and the puppy. The Best Toys for a Doodle puppy include: Hard, tough chew toys. These are usually toys made from hard rubber or plastic with small recesses and massagers. Dog bones. Known for their durability and ability to last for a long time. They often have a slight flavor to keep your puppy attracted to them and they are generally a great all-round option. Interactive toys. Soft training toys. You should only use these toys for training. If you do that. Doing it like this makes the toy an efficient object for training and having a handful of these toys ready would be a great idea. But allow me to also cover some general tips and tricks on how to care for your puppy and what you should do in specific situations. Have a look at the tips below to hopefully help you understand how you should act in everyday situations that puppy owners can find themselves in. Knowing just a few of these can help you prepare better for a new life filled with puppy love. A Labradoodle puppy is very intelligent and can quickly build an association between the command and toilet time. When your puppy manages to do its business in the designated area, even if you had to carry him all the way there, give him a lot of love and praise him massively. The key to a successful life with dogs is positive reinforcement training. Talk with the breeder about what their current meal times are, and then continue following that. This will make it a lot easier for the puppy to transition into this new life of theirs. Can Your Puppy Go in the Yard? Use Comforters When talking about comforters, I mean anything that your puppy can associate back to either your or their mother. This can be anything from a smell, shape, texture, or just how the item feels. These sensations remind the puppy of having their mother with them. When I first heard about these products, I brushed it off as a silly gimmick, but I got one from a friend of mine as a gift, as I was pleasantly surprised at just how great and cute, they actually are. And they are also highly recommended by other puppy owners. Final Words So that was our small Labradoodle puppy checklist, and if you follow just half the advice given, you are as prepared as you can be before welcoming your new Labradoodle puppy to your home. You now have a comprehensive list of products, how you prepare your home best, and just what you can expect from your new puppy. Taking in a puppy, training them, and just all about their general care and well-being is a very large subject. These links are affiliate links, so if you do end up using the links, I will earn a commission. Dog Food: Every dog needs to eat correctly, and finding the best food for your dog can be challenging, as the market is absolutely flooded with products. My favorite crate is the MidWest iCrate with a divider that you adjust as your pup grows. Privacy covers are great since dogs are den animals and like to feel coddled. If pup is being shipped to you a small travel crate is included. This helps a ton with whining and getting your puppy adjusted to their crate. If they do climb you can buy a top. It helps a ton with house training since you can tether the pup to you instead of letting it run around chewing or going potty. As for which leash, up to you. You can get any leash you want, my preference is leather, but nylon works too. Most doodles prefer the coolness of a cot over a warm cozy bed. Go for different materials and types and always have toys around your pup. You should also alternate the toys you leave around the house to keep your pup interested. I recommend you get a tug toy, some stuffed animals, small balls, chew bones, etc. These pouches are great for helping you keep treats at hand. I find the ones that hang are easier to teach but both types work. Just get whatever flat collar you think is cutest. Then for travel or long walks I love these collapsible bowls. Vets tend to charge a lot on this so I prefer to buy online. Frontline is also fine. I use a De-matting comb if the hair is matted up, a Slicker brush when its not, and a finishing comb. Food and Water dishes, or a water bottle to hang in the crate door. Brushes are great for surface brushing Doodles but you really need a good comb for getting the mats out and getting all the way down to the root of the hair. I love the Carlson Gates with the handles, I do not recommend the cheap accordion style wooden ones. Puppy Bed and Blankets, if puppy is peeing on their bed or blankets then replace them with a Stuffed Animals to cuddle Whelping Pads. Your puppy has been trained from birth using these so if you absolutely can not let them outside, I think these work better then the disposal potty pads they chew and drag around. Dewormer — I recommend using Safeguard dewormer, an over the counter dewormer that kills all 4 types of intestinal worms and also treats giardia which is a very common parasite transmitted via infected feces in water or soil and the 1 cause of diarrhea in young puppies. Dreamydoodles puppies are dewormed 4x before they go home and should be wormed again at home with Safe-guard at 12 wks and then every 6 months. Feed you puppy the same food at the same time every day. Puppies should be fed times a day on a strict set schedule. Growing too rabidly can cause hip, joint problems. Appetite changes. Do not worry too much just continue your feeding routine and pull up leftovers after mins and try again their next scheduled mealtime. Puppies should be drinking even when stressed. Let sleeping puppies lie. Growing Puppies need lots of sleep, so if your puppy is sleeping, just let them sleep. ALSO some puppies may sleep even more then normal the first few days home, as a coping mechanism to the stress of a new environment. Take this very short period of time to just let them settle in and start to feel at home with you and your family and THEN you can show them off to the world, in fact I encourage you too! Kids love to carry around their new puppies but most puppies. .Talk to young children about how important it is to stay calm, Not to fight over them with each other or get super loud or scare the puppy. BEFORE you know it your kids and your puppy will be the best of friends but try to take it slow especially the first week. You wouldnt leave your infant with your 3 year old right? You gotta be just as logical with your kids and your puppy. All the situations listed below should be observed at least a couple times without a negative reaction from your adult dog… before considering leaving them alone together. For example… How well does your adult dog handle the puppy jumping on them or invading their space, bugging them while their asleep? How do they react to puppy trying to eat out of their bowl, or sleeping or playing in their bed, playing with their toys etc? Introducing puppy to new people! After the first few days and once their settled in and adjusted then I recommend you start introducing them to LOTS of new people, every age, size and type of person you can find willing to meet them. You should also start introducing them to lots of new environments and new situations. Just stay away from high dog traffic areas until after 16 wks and their last set of vaccinations. MOST puppies will grow out of this, with early puppy socialization. Take some time out every day to have a short training session with your puppy. Prepare by getting out your treats, treat bag, a few toys and chews. Bonding with you puppy! The best way to bond with your puppy is through training, games and getting down to their eye level and playing with them. Throw a toy and see if you can get them bring it back to you for a treat, use their name! Remember to keep puppy training session short. Always end by asking them to perform a command or task that they know well so you can end with a big win and lots of praise. Zak George, has a ton of helpful and positive puppy training videos! Check out the rest of his videos on his channel! Take your puppy out after eating and sleeping. Supervise your puppy! Crate-training is essential! Designate a certain potty area and stick with it! Pick an area of your yard where you want them to go, preferably in a corner of the yard away from the door and where they will play the most, this not only makes your clean up area smaller then your whole yard but it also helps it click for them. .Correct accidents only when you catch them in the act. You may use this list as a guideline when shopping for your new buddy! Several products have shopping links for your convenience. It honestly deodorizes any accidents your puppy may have while potty training. I prefer the non-scented kind. This is the food in the light green and white bag, NOT the puppy food. I never want to get a phone call saying that something tragic has happened among our puppy families because of a dog food that has been recalled. LA pet foods are based on solid holistic vet science. They provide both prebiotics and probiotics, fruits and veggies and multiple sources of proteins. Keeping puppy on the same diet will minimize transitional diarrhea. Your puppy will go through one large bag every three months. You may also want to add on a bag of bully sticks. NuVet Plus Supplements: Next to food, these supplements are the most important thing to order for your puppy. Giving NuVet is like wrapping your puppy in a protective shield of nutrients that optimize immune function which is lowest during the stress of leaving our nest and going to their new environment. Please order when puppies are four weeks old. Starlight Order Code: .Your puppy is teething. This spray can be used on your hands, feet, clothing, cords, furniture, shoes, rug corners… pretty much anything. Which is important to avoid during their fear period weeks Just spray and snicker. All Natural Treats for outings. This goes a long way in making meeting people an immediately positive experience. Speak with a super happy tone, not a cautious tone. For basic, day today treating and training, you will not be giving full treats. Instead, fill a baggie with his regular kibble dog food and put a few soft treats in the bag as well. It keeps their gut healthy so they avoid diarrhea. Crates are great! We use Metal crates here. I like them because they have better airflow than plastic crates. Medium to Large sized crates are ample. Remember, immediately upon coming out of his crate, or waking up from any nap, puppy will need to go potty. Walk him directly outside. Do not pass GO. Use bitter Apple Spray when he tries to chew it. Then pick it up and call the puppy to you. At this point, never drag the puppy or pull the leash, or he will instinctively resist you. Make it a positive experience. Treats are okay to use here. Give it time. He will get used to the feel of it. Then you can move on to training on lead. An Appointment With the Vet Your puppy was given his first set of vaccinations at 8 weeks. His next set is due when he is 12 weeks old and his final set is due at 16 weeks old. Vaccinations and proper vet care are essential for his wellbeing. Training helps both you and your dog in so many ways. When you and your pup share the common language acquired through training courses, bonding is accelerated. But, please… sign him up now. You will need plenty more with his new home scent Make sure to rotate toys and chews. Puppies will get much more enjoyment out of a toy that has been hidden for a week and reintroduced. Bed and Blanket Your Pup will need to nap a lot. Brushes, Scissors and Thinning Shears are important tools for your dood. I will supply you with proper grooming instructions. Again, available through Amazon. Tangles and burs are easy to get out when you use it regularly. They both smell amazing too! Located in Beautiful Southern Oregon, we deliver our puppies nationwide. Training treats. LA turkey and berry , dried liver and salmon Puppy Proofing Tips One of the most important things you should do before your Australian Labradoodle puppy comes home is to make your home and property safe for your puppy. Below are a few suggestions on puppy-proofing your home. Click here for a complete list. You will see first hand what they might discover. Protect your puppy from any toxic plants I send home a list. Move trash cans out of reach of your puppy. Items like sanitary supplies and razors can be hazardous. Look for any drowning hazards. Full buckets, bathtubs. Move all cleaning supplies and medications up and away. Secure and elevate electrical cords. Puppies love to chew on electric cords. Electrical cords can cause burns in the mouth. You can buy cord concealers, use PVC pipe or cable wrap to eliminate the hazard. Be aware of poisonous human foods I send home a list. Falling risks. Be careful not to leave your puppy unattended on a bed, couch, etc. They can easily injure themselves falling. Secure stairs with a baby gate. Elevate and secure cords for draperies and blinds. They are a strangulation risk! Ear cleaner 2. Puppy Food Labradoodles are absolutely adorable and we want your Labradoodle to be healthy and strong throughout its entire life. Good nutrition will absolutely matter to have a long happy, healthy life for your beloved puppy. The quality of nutrition differs significantly depending on the product and who creates the food and the quality and source of ingredients. In a future blog, Labradoodle food and nutrition will be the focus along with product reviews, recipes and homemade organic food. Most Labradoodle breeders require new puppy parents to continue with the breeder puppy food for at least the first 30 days your puppy is in your home. Your puppy will usually come with a 3 day supply. If you choose to feed a different food after the first 30 days please make the transition gradually so as to not upset the digestive system of your puppy. An angry puppy stomach means more clean up in all aisles throughout the home. Nuvet Plus Wellness Wafers Nuvet Plus Wellness Wafers provides critical, essential and vital nutrients that are missing in processed pet food. Nuvet Plus Wellness Wafters host human-grade ingredients. Water and Food Bowls Please avoid plastic food and water bowls for your adorable Labradoodle puppy as it can leach chemicals and toxins into the water and food. Stainless steel bowls are best. Healthy Labradoodle make happy Labradoodle. The leash as well should be chosen for non-toxic materials as well as easy use and the puppy waste bags for those wonderful walks together with your adorable new Labradoodle puppy. Pooper Scoopers make clean-up easier. Because puppy poop is part of life with all that furry cuteness and cheeriness, a stain remover and an odor remover for the inevitable potty accidents will keep the home looking great and the home smelling clean again. Some new Labradoodle puppy parents use a puppy potty box with newspaper or wood pellets. This is another option for puppy potty training. The Crate gives your new puppy comfort and a sense of a den or snuggly home space once the puppy adjusts to it. This is the best way to potty train your puppy. Please make your life easier by purchasing machine washable Crate pads or liners as well. With less accidents with your puppy, then everyone is happier. Puppies are baby dogs, so potty training is a new experience. The Crate will make this easier for the puppy. Successfully training your Labradoodle Successfully training your Labradoodle requires some tools to boost your combined happiness and less time spent repeating drills. As Labradoodle are sensitive creatures who aim to please with energy, positive and consistent reinforcement are the most successful training best practice. The training tools kit suggestions are: 1. Puppy pee pads — if your Labradoodle puppy is trained indoors at any time 2. Teething toys — not made of toxic materials Puppy toys — not made of toxic materials Chew and cuddle toys — squeaky always a favorite for our dogs , bouncy, soft, some plush, hard chewy like Kong. We suggest buying a variety to start with so you can find out which ones your puppy prefers! Fetch toys — tennis balls, jolly ball et cetera. Chew treats — bully sticks, chicken strips, sweet potato chews et cetera. We have found them dangerous as puppies and dogs will ingest too large of a piece and it may cause an intestinal blockage. As many puppy treats have fillers and ingredients that may cause allergies or compromise their health. One highly recommended Doodle trainer recommends these treats for nutrition, NuVet and Life Abundance. Puppy Play Pen- A designated and gated area to put your cute Labradoodle puppy to play solo. Here are key products to buy and points to consider before bringing that bundle of furry joy home. Shampoo and Conditioner — Labradoodle have a different hair PH than human hair, so using human shampoo with Labradoodle puppy can be irritating and damaging to their skin. This also applies to using human conditioners on Labradoodle puppies. Special dog shampoo and conditioner with the correct PH is best for your puppy, plus it will make bath time much more enjoyable and fun for everyone. Dog brush- Labradoodle have a beautiful coat that requires a minimum of several times a week of brushing to maintain the undercoat, but if your puppy loves playing outside or wrestling and rolling around as most puppies do, a more frequent brushing maybe needed. Please remember to shower them with kisses, good and positive comments and treats when brushing their fur and the puppy will surely love this bonding time with you. This can be a great time for one on one attention, which your Labradoodle puppy will adore and becomes a routine that your puppy looks forward to. One Cavapoo breeder finds the Stainless Grooming Comb and small size is best. Dog toothbrush and toothpaste-The top priority in dog dental care is brushing , ideally once a day, and several say using an enzymatic toothpaste will enhance the effects of regular brushing. The key is to use a toothbrush with extra-soft bristles so as not to startle your puppy or cause it discomfort. Experts agree that the brush should be soft or extra soft and advises owners to start with just a little warm water on the toothbrush and then work their way up to using toothpaste. They recommend that every dog owner should have a dog toothbrush and dog toothpaste. There are different kinds of dog toothbrushes: the traditional ones, like people use, or finger toothbrushes. Finger brushes may work well for dogs under 28 pounds. .A common, potentially dangerous mistake owners make is to use toothpaste for humans on their dogs. This gel toothpaste also contains bacteria-fighting enzymes as well as baking soda and neem oil to whiten teeth and freshen breath. Using wipes can help keep plaque and bacteria at bay if used on a regular basis. Ear wash and cleaner- Prevention is the key as well as a weekly maintenance hygiene program. This will help keep your Labradoodle happy, playful, able to hear and healthy. Blunt edge scissors for trimming around the eyes We hope this Labradoodle puppy shopping list will help you prepare and enjoy welcoming your affectionate and adorable puppy! We wish you many happy ever after memories together.

Our Lab Family Only 5 minutes outside the small town of Wallaceburg, we are living our dream having raised our 3 children in a big country home. We are both former professionals who decided to leave the world of being trapped behind a desk in an office. Raising Lab puppies has become a dream come true. In the spirit of doing our part to save the planet we grow much of our own food in a garden. We have raised a couple of pigs, turkeys, chickens and have laying chickens for their fresh eggs. Although we are not farmers, we enjoy the satisfaction of biting into an organic tomato or other vegetable fresh from the garden. Clair where we fish for bass, perch and walleye and throw balls into the water for the labs to retrieve until our arms fall off. Our children are now grown and starting families of their own. Our two boys are working with us and we are passing on the knowledge of breeding service quality dogs that we have learned over the years. This will ensure our tradition of breeding genetically sound, super smart and even tempered dogs will continue in the future. They will also continue our donation of dogs to service dog organizations in both Canada and the USA. If you are interested acting as a Guardian please click for info. Click for info. Our chocolate lab puppies and silver lab puppies are a result of a Breeder focus on health, intelligence, and temperament. Click to read more about our level of quality, how we operate and the cost of our Labrador Retriever puppies. Trained Labrador Retrievers for Sale Looking to skip the small puppy stage? The crying, up through the night, jumping on guests…. .One of our Trained Labs may be for you. Click for more info. Labrador Retriever Frequently Asked Questions Some of the most frequently asked questions and their answers about our Labrador Retrievers and the Lab puppy adoption process. We Love our Labs Becoming a Chocolate Labrador Retriever Breeder means raising, playing with, training and grooming our dogs is all we do. Our chocolate lab puppies have been placed all over Ontario, Canada and the US. Meeting all the wonderful people who adopt our dogs and seeing their faces when they arrive to pick up their lab puppy is one of our favorite things! We Truly Care Our belief is that a fur ball is a friend for life not just a cute puppy. This could mean 12, 15 or more years. We make a promise to our extended family of continued support for the life of your Lab. Our goal is 0 of our Labs in shelters and we will take your Lab back until we find a suitable home if necessary. Respect and love for those who dedicate their lives for others is our focus. Click to see them. Click here to visit! Have you just searched for dog breeders near me and are looking for Looking for Chocolate Labrador Retriever Puppies for sale in Ontario? We are committed to strengthening the characteristics of the Labrador Retriever breed. Our focus as a breeder is to breed puppies with excellent health, outstanding intelligence and even temperament. This breeding focus has resulted in top quality family pets and hunting retrievers. It is because of these qualities that the Labrador Retriever is the most popular breed of dog in the world by registered ownership. These dogs have an excellent memory and can thrive if exercised properly even if they live in an apartment. They are excellent water dogs, service dogs , family dogs and are used for many things including police and customs work, search and rescue dogs, seeing eye dogs and assistant dogs for people with disabilities including Autism, Emotional Support USA and Comfort Dogs , Diabetes, Blindness, Seizure alert dogs and PTSD. Just have a look through our Facebook Page LuckyLabsPuppies and you will be able to view many of the families we have given puppies to over our many years as a Labrador Breeder. When looking for a Labrador puppy, a Lucky Labs puppy is simply the best friend you could ever hope for. A Yellow Labrador Retriever is not to be mistaken for a Golden Retriever as they are a different breed. Golden Retriever puppies are different primarily in the fact that they have a longer coat than a yellow lab. When searching for puppies in Ontario, Lucky Labs can help provide you with a puppy you will enjoy for years to come. Pups come with a four year written guarantee for all major organs. Hip and elbow guarantee is 14 months which gives your dog time to grow and be tested. Genetic testing is also carried out on the bloodline to ensure your dog is bred from lineage free of health problems. Lab puppies normally travel very well, for more on this click this link. If you are looking for a puppy and health, are not too old for a Lab puppy, intelligence and temperament matter to you, we have a Lab puppy for you! Welcome, and please read through our site to get to know us and our amazing dogs. You might want to begin with this article on the 10 most common Labrador Retriever questions. News and Articles Daily routine at Labrador Kennel The adoption of a Labrador — Retriever puppy is a truly an important and exciting event in your life. We work very hard to assign the best characteristics and personality traits to our Labradors, which allows them to be good hunters, companion dogs and also members of your family. Buy a Labrador puppy today! Labradors are fun, intelligent, and extremely playful, making them ideal pets for your children and family. If you are truly on the lookout for a furry fellow to always stay by your side, our top-bred Labrador retriever puppies will suit you the best. Raised with love and attention, Kennel Labradors will make the perfect new addition to your home. Truly one of a kind, Labradors are one of the most gentle and loving breeds of dogs. They love snuggling up with their humans and will never leave their side. So what makes our Labradors a highly sought-after breed and why should every pet owner invest in one? For starters, Labradors are excellent family dogs that will fit in with your children and other family members. Moreover, our top-bred Labradors are extremely playful and bursting with energy which makes them the coolest domesticated dogs ever. Here are the pros of owning a Labrador — Retriever : Easy To Train: Labradors are a very obedient breed that along with being intelligent, follow directions to the core. Their eagerness to learn makes them super attentive and willing to learn new tricks. Our Labradors are extremely sweet-natured and relatively easy to train compared to other breeds as we have raised them in contact with children and other people A Companion Forever: Owning a Labrador puppy means you will never be alone. Whether you are single or if your partner is out of town, you will have a furry buddy to keep you company. Having a loyal friend by your side will give you everlasting companionship. A Gentle Breed: We all know how different dog breeds have their own distinct nature and characteristics. Some make excellent guard dogs whereas some make the perfect family pet. Labrafamily Labradors will be the perfect addition to any home, living up to their super intelligent and gentle nature. Also, if you live with someone with special needs or any other medical issue, Labradors are the best breed to choose. Easy To Groom: Do you work a super busy job that hardly gives you any time to groom your dog daily? They will simply need occasional baths and coat brushing sessions about every two weeks. Labs Are Loyal: Even though Labradors are always brimming with energy and excitement, they are also super loyal to their humans. They might get excited to see strangers in the park, but they will always come to snuggle next to their humans at home. Being the proud owner of our Labradors, you will be getting a loyal buddy for your entire life. They Give Your Life Meaning: Many of us lead super busy lives; some have long work schedules whereas others have a large family to manage. On the other hand, some of us are either retired or are single and need something to keep us busy. Your Labrafamily will give you just that. Having a bundle of energy roaming around your house will always keep you on your toes and never bored. Why Us? Let us find out: Registered Breeders: If you want to buy a Labrador puppy in Canada, make sure you choose us. Whether you want the English Labrador or the American, we have everything for you. Top Bloodline: Here at Labrafamily, our goal is to breed puppies that are of top quality. This is exactly why we choose parents that are of a certified and great bloodline. We thoroughly research the parents and only use the best ones for breeding. Safe Environment: We understand how important it is to breed puppies in an environment that will nurture their mental and physical as well as social skills. This is why all our Labrador pups are raised in a safe and soothing environment till they are old enough to go to their forever homes. Healthy Puppies: Thanks to the wonderful genes they get from their parents, our Labrador puppies are healthy and fulfill all health clearances. Our Labradors and pups are completely tested and are free of any genetic diseases. Worldwide Delivery: No matter which part of the world you are in, if you have your heart set on one of our puppies, your wish will be granted. We are proud to be among the very few dog breeders who offer worldwide delivery. Not to forget, you can buy a Labrador in Canada at a super affordable price at Labrafamily. You are bound to fall in love with the newest furry addition to your family.

Full size table Discussions The incidence rate of swimmer puppies in this study was 3. The rate reported so far was 2. Although it was not possible to simply compare them, the incidence rates were considered to be almost similar. In the comparison of body weight at each period, swimmer puppies were showed significantly heavier than non-symptomatic puppies on the 10th and 28th days. On the other hand, the litter size, which had been suggested to be associated with the onset [ 1 ], was also shown to be significantly reduced in the swimmer puppy group. It was also reported that in dams with a small number of offspring, the properties of the milk were altered, and the calories also became high [ 10 ], which might lead to weight gain in puppies. In our results, negative correlations were found between the number of littermates and body weight in all individuals, indicating that the early weight gain due to the smaller litter size might have caused overweight and be involved in the onset. However, the causal relationship between the two had not been clarified, further investigation was needed for the elucidation. Most of the affected individuals in this study had a good course except for one that died, and many of them stood up or walked in about one month. The Hokkaido Guide Dog Association had taken the following management protocol based on the knowledge so far. With these simple nursing care measures, many affected individuals gradually began to raise their upper body, chests became rounded, and they were able to stand up. This might be effective as a treatment for the early stage of swimmer puppies in retriever breeds. It was possible to create a family tree based on a huge amount of kinship data and conduct a detailed examination of genetic factors. The posterior hereditability of the swimmer puppy onset trait showed a high value of 0. It indicated that the onset of swimmer puppy was mostly influenced by heredity. Subsequently, the posterior heritability of the 10th-day body-weight trait also showed a high value of 0. It is generally said that the heritability of growth-related factors tends to be high, and the heritability of mature body weight was already reported as 0. In addition, under the guidelines of the Hokkaido Guide Dog Association, the breeding environment of the mother dog was almost the same in all breeding volunteer households. Therefore, the environmental factor was relatively small compared to the genetic factor, and it might contribute to the high heritability of two traits. On the other hand, the genetic correlation between these two traits was poor at 0. Although the details were unknown, it was possible that new other genetic factors were involved in the onset of swimmer puppy syndrome in retriever breeds. In this study, it was not clarified what is the cause of swimmer puppy syndrome. Besides, histopathological information could not be obtained for many of the healed individuals. As a result, it was difficult to identify the affected area and comprehensively analyze it. In swimmer puppies, the changes in neuromuscular synaptic function, inappropriate myelination, poor development of peripheral motor neurons, and delayed muscle development were highlighted in previous reports [ 3 , 8 ]. It has also been suggested that the other genetic factors are involved in locomotive abnormalities. To elucidate the detailed pathogenesis of this syndrome, further studies are needed in the future. Conclusions This study revealed that the litter size and weight gain might be involved in the onset of swimmer puppy syndrome found in one breed dogs, Labrador retrievers. Most swimmer puppies could walk by simple nursing care at early stage. In addition, it was considered that the genetic influence on the onset was extremely high. Although the cause of swimmer puppy syndrome in Labrador retrievers still remains unclear, it is expected that this syndrome will be elucidated by further detailed analysis in the future. Methods Dogs Detailed postnatal records among the puppies born between and were used in the Labrador retriever breeding colony at the Hokkaido Guide Dogs for the Blind Association in Japan. It was excluded from this study for the dogs which could not be tracked with accurate postnatal records. Inclusion criteria for swimmer puppy Based on the inspection data by the veterinarian in charge of the Guide Dog Association, a swimmer puppy was defined as followed. Dogs that were seen to have all the following three symptoms at the same time between the 14th and 28th days after birth: 1 the forelimbs, hind limbs, or all four limbs are laterally deployed, 2 flat chest, 3 unable to stand. All individuals were inspected by the same veterinarian. Data Analysis Data were collected for incidence rate, prognosis, breed, sex, weight, and the litter size. The incidence rate of swimmer puppy was expressed as a percentage by dividing the number of affected individuals by all births. The prognosis survey was traced back with all postnatal data. The litter size, and body weight records at birth, 10 days, and 28 days after birth were used and compared between litters where swimmer puppy appeared swimmer puppy group and the litters without swimmer puppy non-symptomatic group. The correlation between the litter size and the body weight at each period was statistically analyzed. Inbreeding coefficient The inbreeding coefficient was calculated based on the assumption that the onset of swimmer puppy is a qualitative trait and a hereditary disease due to a single recessive gene. An ancestor that frequently appears among the blood relatives of the affected individual was identified, and when that individual was designated as the common ancestor A , the inbreeding coefficient derived from A was calculated for all individuals with records using the following formula. The program was modified for estimating the inbreeding coefficient originated by common ancestor A. In order to search for the causative common ancestor, individuals with golden parents were excluded from consideration, and only Labradors and hybrids were included. Heritability and genetic correlation Assuming that the onset of swimmer puppy is a quantitative trait, the heritability was calculated. Heritability is a measure of how much an individual's phenotypic value is determined by additive genetic effects. A total of records with 10, individuals in pedigree records were used to estimate genetic parameters of Labradors. The onset trait of swimmer puppy in retriever species was estimated using the best linear unbiased prediction BLUP animal model below [ 13 , 14 ]. The body weight on the 10th day was also regarded as a phenotype, and the heritability was calculated in the same manner Formula 2. The genetic correlation between the above two traits was estimated according to the bivariate BLUP animal model analysis. To calculate the posterior means and standard deviations of co variances, heritabilities and genetic correlation, samples after a burn-in of iterations were used. Convergence was determined by using visual inspection of the plots of Gibbs samples. Availability of data and materials The data containing information on common ancestry that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request and with permission of Hokkaido Guide Dogs for the Blind Association in Japan. Source Once upon a time, a wee little pup diagnosed with Swimmer Puppy Syndrome was viewed as a lost cause. There are now many innovative techniques and home therapies that can help an affected puppy overcome this unusual syndrome. The first step to treatment is beginning as soon as possible. The earlier you treat the symptoms, the more promising the outcome for your pup to live a healthy adult life. Be prepared to dedicate a lot of time to rehabilitating your swimmer pup. Home-care treatment is recommended, which involves three methods: 1. The idea is never to lay her on a flat surface. Keep your puppy on a non-slippery surface, so she can practice standing without falling about. Laying down carpet is one solution. As well, you can confine your swimmer pup to an area where towels have been bunched up to prevent sliding. Use cotton pads for the puppy to relieve herself on and change them frequently to keep the area clean. Swimmer puppies tend to develop painful lesions on their bodies from laying in their urine and feces. Wipe her down regularly and apply baby powder to dry up any existing rashes. Too much weight gain will put unnecessary pressure on the joints. Do not allow her to nurse excessively. Ask your vet about introducing helpful supplements, such as Vitamin E or Selenium. I stress talking to your vet about this first because Selenium can be toxic if overdosed. Physiotherapy Physical movement has been shown to be a huge factor in healing Swimmer Puppy Syndrome. If not done, there is a slim chance that a swimmer pup will survive past eight weeks old. There are many successful methods to try out- devise a plan with your vet for what works best for your pup- and then stick to it every day. Massage therapy: Beginning each treatment with a full body massage will help relieve tension in the muscles and coaxes proper body alignment. Supervision: Discourage positioning that promotes flatness. When the pup is sleeping, move her onto her side, so she is not splayed out. This also makes breathing easier for her. Strap a swimmer puppy syndrome harness on your pup to keep her chest well-suspended from the flat ground. Swim sessions: Hit the pool three times a day. Swimming will help strengthen muscles without added pressure on the joints. Stimulate: Those paw pads need stimulation! As mentioned, sling suspension helps the pup to get her paws on the ground, but you can also use a toothbrush to tickle those nerves and increase tactile sensation. Sock method: This is similar to putting a life vest or harness on the pup. The idea is to keep the chest from being on a flat surface. Take a sock and cut holes where the legs can come through, then let your pup wear it like a sweater. Stuff the chest area with foam to keep it elevated. Tape the legs in the correct position to encourage proper growth and put a cone on her neck if she tends to chew at the tape. This should be done from 15 to 20 minutes, 3 to 4 times a day. Remember, the earlier you notice symptoms, take her in for a diagnosis. Swimmer Puppy Syndrome can improve with therapy, a proper diet, a safe environment, and an owner that has a lot of love to give. Aside from that, make sure she gets the exercise and hands-on massage she needs to help her breathe, swallow, and grow properly. It may take hours, days, and weeks, but the payoff will be worth it when you see your pup stand and take her first steps after all of that dedication and hard work. Share your stories about Swimmer Puppy Syndrome and help fellow dog owners! Just type it all on the comment box below. About Alexandra Animalso I was raised to be a dog person. My first Shepherd grew up as I did and wanted to be where I was at all times. I got my second dog as a 16th birthday present, and her loyalty for me was just as strong as my first. I hope that my contribution to Animalso will help others find dogs who give them that same unconditional love. They are maturing normally but their body functions are not. Going to the vet but I just was kind of wanting to get all the information I could first. Thank you. DOI: .Since swimmer puppies were observed infrequently but continuously among the Labrador retriever colony at the Hokkaido Guide Dogs for the Blind Association in Japan, based on their birth record and pedigree, factors related to the onset of swimmer puppy syndrome in Labrador retrievers were examined. Results: The total number of offspring over seven years was , of which 16 were swimmer puppies. Most of the affected puppies except one recovered steadily. As for the swimmer puppies, the litter size was significantly lower, and the body weights on the 10th and 28th day after delivery were significantly higher than the non-symptomatic puppies. These results suggested that the onset may be related to weight gain in the neonatal stages due to a small litter size. According to the genetic analysis, 26 ancestors common to the affected individuals were confirmed, but the causative individual could not be identified with the inbreeding coefficient. The heritability of the swimmer-puppy onset trait was 0. Conclusions: In this study, the onset of swimmer puppy syndrome in the Labrador retrievers was associated with litter size and early weight gain, and result of study suggests that genetic influence might be involved. Keywords: Dog; Labrador retriever; Swimmer puppy syndrome. The Author s. Affected dogs show laterally abducted limbs and are unable to stand and walk on their own. The current knowledge of this condition derives from few case reports or small case series. Therefore, the aim of this study was to collect data on the clinical course from a large cohort of dogs with SPS with an online questionnaire supported by video footage. Potential risk factors were compared between litters with SPS and unaffected litters. SPS was reported in dogs from 48 different breeds comprising a wide range of small, middle, and large breeds. Litters with SPS were significantly smaller than unaffected litters. Cesarean sections were reported more frequently in affected litters, but the overall rate of reported birth complications did not differ significantly from unaffected litters. Most puppies were able to stand and walk at a median age of 4. Puppies from large breeds showed faster recovery than puppies from medium and small breeds. Occasionally, residual deficits were reported and only three dogs failed to recover. The study shows the benign clinical course of SPS in a large cohort of puppies from multiple dog breeds. Potential risk factors including reports on birth complications, size and muscle mass compared to littermates and diet of the dam during pregnany were evaluated and no influence on the occurrence of SPS was identified. Introduction The Swimming Puppy Syndrome SPS or Swimmer Syndrome has been described repeatedly in dogs in the veterinary literature in case reports or small case series 1 — 3. The largest report to this point includes 52 dogs with SPS in Thailand 2. The disorder received its name from the characteristic swimming movements of the affected limbs, and is also known as Flat Puppy Syndrome 4. Brachycephalic dog breeds, particularly English Bulldogs, are reported as being predisposed 2 , 5. Male and female dogs are equally affected 1 , 2. Similar conditions are reported in other animal species, e. The signs of SPS are usually noticed by the breeders when puppies begin to walk at two to three weeks of age 2 , .Puppies with SPS are unable to adduct the affected limbs, lie in sternal recumbency with laterally splayed limbs and show paddling movements when trying to move 3 , .Neurological examination, complete blood count and serum chemistry are unremarkable except for a mild two-fold increase in creatine kinase compared to healthy puppies 3 , 12 , .Therefore, the diagnosis of SPS is usually based on the characteristic clinical signs inability to stand and walk, abduction of affected limbs, paddling movements of the limbs resembling swimming movements when attempting to move noticed in the first weeks of life and exclusion of other orthopedic angular limb deformity, congenital elbow luxation, fracture, malunion or neurologic inflammation, brain or spinal cord malformation, trauma, early onset neurodegeneration diseases via thorough clinical examination supported by further diagnostic methods e. Physical therapy is frequently employed to help recovery, e. Information on the etiopathogenesis of SPS is scarce. Environmental, orthopedic and neurological factors have been implicated as causes for SPS 3 , 5 , .Furthermore, various hypotheses proposed that rapid weight gain, high bodyweight compared to littermates, nutritional or genetic factors could play a role in the development of the syndrome 1 , 16 — .In piglets with a similar splay leg syndrome, a recent genome-wide association study identified four promising candidate genes but no causal gene variant were identified so far 19 , .Similar attempts in dogs have failed 1 , 21 , and although there are first insights and clues to SPS in dogs, the underlying cause of this syndrome remains unknown. Therefore, the aim of this present study was to collect data on affected breeds, clinical course, and risk factors for SPS by means of an internationally distributed questionnaire. Materials and methods A call for dogs with signs of SPS was published on the university website and distributed via social media and breeding clubs in German and English language to dog owners and breeders in Germany and other German and English-speaking countries in .Respondents were asked to fill out an online questionnaire and to provide video footage of the affected puppies. A control group unaffected litters was recruited with a similar approach to compare potential risk factors litter size, rate of birth complications, nutrition of the dam. Only litters with puppies without problems to stand or walk were included in this group. The study was conducted with ethical permission AZ —.Questionnaire The questionnaire for puppies with SPS consisted of 96 questions and was structured in six categories. The categories included: 1: general information about the puppy e. The questionnaire for the control group concentrated on questions about litter size, complications during pregnancy and birth as well as diet of the dam during pregnancy. The questions were reviewed by German and English native speakers eight veterinarians and six dog owners or breeders regarding understanding, phrasing, and structure of the questionnaire. Inclusion and exclusion criteria 2. Dogs with signs of SPS Only dogs in which the owner stated that the dog was a Swimmer Puppy, and that the dog could not stand and walk on its own, showed the characteristic swimming movements with the affected legs and the characteristic onset of the signs of SPS were included in the study. Puppies which did not show swimming movements, or with an onset later than 28 days of age, or puppies, which were able to stand and walk before the first signs of SPS appeared, could not participate. Video footage provided further support of SPS when available. Videos were reviewed by two of the authors LR, AF who decided by consensus whether the dogs showed the characteristic signs of SPS and which limbs were affected. Control group unaffected litters Only litters without any puppies with problems standing or walking could participate. The control group consisted of a large variety of breeds matching the distribution of breed sizes of the SPS group. Diet of the dam during pregnancy Information on feeding of the dam during pregnancy was collected with the questionnaire. The requirements for adequate nutritional supply for pregnancy regarding protein, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals were used as defined by the National Research Council .Statistical analyses were performed in R version 4. Data were checked for normality with Shapiro—Wilk Normality Test. Not-normally distributed data were analyzed with nonparametric methods, such as Kruskal-Wallis and Mann—Whitney U test. The association between selected factors small vs. The Mann—Whitney U test was used to compare the recovery times between puppies with and without deformations, the litter size between litters with puppies with signs of SPS and unaffected litters from the control group, and the number of affected littermates between litters from dams with adequate nutrition vs. Results 3. Dogs with signs of SPS questionnaires and video footage from 26 dogs were submitted. Thus, finally questionnaires were available for evaluation. Review of videos confirmed the signs of SPS in all videos. Control group unaffected litters questionnaires of healthy litters without occurrence of SPS were submitted, whereof one was excluded because one puppy in this litter had problems walking. Descriptive data The dogs with signs of SPS were born between and and originated from litters five siblings and from kennels. Forty-eight dog breeds were represented with 55 large breed dogs .The most common dog breeds were Golden Retriever .Six mixed-breed dogs were included. Comparison of potential risk factors between litters with swimmer puppies and unaffected litters. In the control group unaffected litters , litters were analyzed from 48 different breeds. Four mixed-breed dogs were included. The control litters were born between and .Fifty-seven large breed dogs .The most common breeds were Golden Retriever .All limbs were affected in 56 dogs .In five puppies limbs were asymmetrically affected no videos available. The owners reported deformations in 61 of the swimmer puppies .Swimmer puppy from a large breed Irish Wolfhound, male, 3 weeks. The puppy was able to stand and walk at 4 weeks of age printed with permission of the dog owner. The owners considered 49 swimmer puppies .This information was unavailable for two dogs. Owners described the muscle mass of swimmer puppies as more prominent in four puppies 3. No difference was noticed in 48 puppies .Physiotherapy was performed by the owner, physiotherapist, or a veterinarian in swimmer puppies .Commonly applied methods were taping of the splayed legs, placing the puppies on their sides during sleep and rest, change to a non-slippery or uneven ground and passive movement of the limbs. Most owners .Three owners failed to answer this question. Clinical course The swimmer puppies were able to stand and walk on their own at a median age of 4. At the median age of six weeks range 2—12, mean 6 the puppies were free or almost free of signs of SPS. When considering only dogs older than 12 weeks at the time of data acquisition, then .Overall, dogs with SPS .The signs of SPS had disappeared completely .Residual deficits were intermittent slipping on smooth or wet surface when walking, a slightly unsteady gait, a wider stance, and a minor paw deformation. Clinical signs were still present at the time of data collection in six dogs 5. Three dogs were younger than 12 weeks three, six and seven weeks old and therefore in the age range where recovery is still likely, while three other dogs 2. His owner reported on poorly developed acetabula on radiographs. The pug 4. The American Bully 14 weeks old was only able to crawl and unable to stand and one tarsal joint was reported to be dislocated. Factors potentially affecting recovery time were evaluated for their influence on shortening or extending the time until recovery. Recovery time of swimmer puppies. Swimmer puppies from large breeds recovered significantly faster than puppies from medium or small breeds. Affected litters The mean number of puppies with SPS in each litter was 1. In 76 litters .No information on affected littermates was available for three litters. Five litters in the SPS group 4. For litters with swimmer puppies, the median litter size was four range 1—11, mean 4. Significantly larger litters were reported in the control group median six dogs per litter; range 1—13, mean 6. Comparison of litter size between litters with swimmer puppies and unaffected litters. Litters with swimmer puppies were significantly smaller than unaffected litters. The age of the dams at parturition was known for litters with SPS. The median age was three years range 2—7, mean 3. In the control group, the median age of the dams was four years at parturition range 1—8, mean 3. The Body Condition Score BCS of the dam before pregnancy was evaluated for 95 dams by the owners using a scale from one to nine. Birth complications were reported in 42 litters with SPS .Information on birth complications was missing for one litter. Complications were mostly stillbirths 25 litters or cesarean sections 15 litters. In the control group, birth complications were reported in 37 litters .Diet of the dam during pregnancy Information about the feeding of the dam during pregnancy was provided for affected litters. Ninety-six dams .Of these, 28 dams .Five dams 5. In the control group unaffected litters , slightly less dams .Of these, 18 dams .Nineteen dams .The brands of the commercial food were known for 80 dams in the SPS group. Most dams were fed with well-known brands. The food brands of 19 dams .Minor deficiencies in iron and iodine as well as copper and zinc were most common. Protein amount was sufficient for pregnancy in all diets. Information on related litters Information on related litters was available for 94 swimmer puppies. The owners of eight swimmer puppies 8. The other owners .The eight puppies with known affected relatives in other litters originated from seven litters and from four different kennels. Each of the eight puppies had fully recovered from SPS. One Greater Swiss Mountain Dog breeder four dogs from that kennel participated in this study reported on one dam with three litters with swimmer puppies. The half-sister of this dam same mother, different father also had one litter with swimmer puppies. Both dams also had healthy litters without occurrence of SPS. In another breeding of Golden Retrievers one dog in this study , the breeder indicated one dam as the source of SPS. The dam had four litters with swimmer puppies and two of her daughters who did not have SPS themselves also had litters with swimmer puppies. One breeder of Norwich Terriers one dog in this study reported on the occurrence of SPS in litters of different dams but provided no information about the sires. In another breeding of Miniature Bullterriers two dogs in this study , a sire had two litters with swimmer puppies with different dams. Discussion The data from dogs with signs of Swimming Puppy Syndrome in this questionnaire study indicate that SPS occurs in a wide variety of breeds from many geographic regions. Furthermore, our results confirm an overall good prognosis. Previous studies reported brachycephalic breeds to be predisposed to SPS 2 , 5. Similarly, in our study, two brachycephalic breeds French bulldogs and pugs were among the four most common breeds with SPS. The frequent description of SPS in Golden Retrievers and Labrador Retrievers in our cohort is probably related to the popularity of these breeds. The Golden Retriever was also the most common breed in the control group. However, other breeds appeared more affected 1 , 2. Our data support an association between SPS and litter size. SPS-affected litters were smaller than the litters of the control group, thus confirming observations in earlier studies 1 , 2. Frequently only one puppy per litter was affected, but in some litters more than one puppy showed clinical signs of SPS and on some occasions all puppies within a litter were affected by SPS. More cesarean sections were reported in litters with SPS compared to control litters, but the overall rate of birth complications was similar in both groups. The higher rate of cesarean sections in litters with SPS may be due to the smaller litter size in this group, and thus a higher risk for dystocia .Larger puppies are also more likely to cause problems during birth .Moreover, brachycephalic breeds, that were overrepresented in the SPS group, are also more likely to have cesarean sections 23 , .These factors might contribute to the higher number of cesarean sections in the SPS group. Previous observations from other authors indicated that larger and heavier puppies and puppies with an excessive weight gain were more frequently affected by SPS 1 , 2. Accordingly, many puppies in our study .On the other hand, some puppies .In line with these observations, other authors also described SPS in puppies of smaller size .The clinical signs of SPS reported in the dogs from this cohort and previous reports are indicative of weakness, decreased muscle tone and strength resulting in increased limb abduction. Behavior and mentation were described as normal in the swimmer puppies from our cohort. Thus, peripheral weakness consistent with a disorder of the muscles, neuromuscular junction, peripheral nerves, or motor neurons needs to be taken into consideration. Approximately half of the puppies were reported to have less prominent muscle mass than their siblings. Almost half of the dogs .These observations are in line with a Brazilian study, that also mainly reported puppies with clinical signs of SPS in all limbs .In contrast, earlier studies and case reports reported that the hindlimbs were predominantly affected 2 , 3. A large number of puppies in our study showed a flattened thorax, which may be the consequence of immobility 11 , .Floppy infant syndrome in human newborns shares clinical similarities with SPS. It is characterized by general hypotonia presenting as abnormal frog-like postures, reduced resistance to passive movement and excessive range of joint movement 26 , .It can be caused by multiple disorders of the muscles, the peripheral and most commonly the central nervous system 28 , .A self-limiting and remitting course is characteristic for benign congenital hypotonia. SPS in dogs also shares similarities with the splay leg syndrome in piglets. Affected piglets are also unable to stand and walk shortly after birth, and the affected limbs are splayed laterally 6. Later development of hindlimbs during embryogenesis has been suggested as the cause for predominantly affected hindlimbs in splay legged pigs 6. Due to the greater economic impact, more research has been performed on porcine splay leg syndrome. Abnormal and delayed development of muscle fibers has been described as a potential cause for the syndrome as well as a myofibrillar hypoplasia, possibly associated with incompletely matured muscles 6 , 30 — .There are only rare reports of postmortem histopathologic examinations of swimmer puppies in the veterinary literature due to the self-limiting character of the disease. So far, pathological findings have been inconclusive 4 , .There are several hypotheses in the literature: Nganvongpanit et al. Other authors discussed delayed and prolonged muscle development as cause for SPS 3 , 5 , .However, the inability of swimmer puppies to walk properly could also result in decreased muscle mass. Therefore, decreased muscle mass in swimmer puppies could also be a consequence of immobility, and not part of the original problem. These included reports on dogs which appeared to produce swimmer puppies repeatedly in subsequent litters. Yet, breeding of these animals did not always result in litters with affected puppies and the number of affected puppies varied. Sometimes only some puppies of the litter showed signs of SPS, and sometimes all puppies within a litter were affected. Signs of SPS were reported in male as well as female dogs. In a previous study investigating the heritability of SPS in a population of Labrador Retrievers with 16 affected dogs, data from the analysis of the pedigrees supported a genetic influence on the occurrence of SPS 1. Genetic investigation of four affected and three healthy Siberian Huskies failed to document any genetic variation .Recent investigations on the genetic background of splay leg syndrome in pigs identified potential candidate genes, but no causal gene variants 19 , .In rabbits, splay leg syndrome presents with similar clinical signs and is considered a genetic disorder influenced by environmental factors .In a colony of rabbits, it was possible to completely eliminate the occurrence of splay leg syndrome by removing the affected animals and suspected genetic carriers .Our data support a genetic background of SPS in several kennels of different breeds. Our questionnaire study asked for information on long-term outcome. It is notable that most dogs recovered completely with no or only minor residual deficits in a few dogs. These results confirm previous reports on the overall benign clinical course of SPS and characterize SPS as a reversible disorder. In our study, the puppies were able to stand and walk without support at the mean age of 4. By the age of three months 12 weeks , almost all puppies had largely or completely recovered. On rare occasions three dogs , the owners reported that the dogs failed to recover despite initial consideration of SPS. Two of these dogs had deformations of the limbs, namely deformed elbow joints and a dislocated tarsal joint. It remains unclear whether these deformities developed as a consequence of severe SPS, immobility and abnormal posture of the limbs and joints over prolonged periods, or whether the deformations were already present at birth. Ramos et al. These observations suggest that puppies with suspected SPS should be thoroughly assessed by a veterinarian for any deformities of the limbs which could interfere with recovery, and the need for special treatment or a preventative approach. Regarding recovery, the size of the breed was the only factor predicting the speed of recovery. Puppies from large breeds recovered significantly faster than puppies from medium and small sized breeds, with dogs from small breeds being the slowest to recover. Small and large breed dogs express general differences in growth and development. Puppies from large breeds display a more rapid growth as they need to achieve a larger form 36 , .This is partly due to higher growth hormone concentrations stimulating the growth of the musculoskeletal system .This may help puppies with SPS from larger breeds to stand and walk earlier than puppies from smaller breeds. The affected legs front legs, hind legs, or all legs had thereby no influence on recovery time and neither did the presence of a flattened thorax. A less prominent muscle mass was also not associated with a longer recovery time, and the same applies to the size of the puppies compared to their siblings. Most participants of this study reported that they had performed physiotherapy and were content with the outcome. Most commonly, the affected legs were taped together to avoid lateral abduction. This method has also often been described in previous cases in dogs as well as pigs as an effective therapy 3 , .Other methods like placing the puppies on their sides while sleeping might help to prevent a secondary flattening of the thorax. Switching to a rougher surface with more grip helps the puppies to place their feet in a normal stance. Because no on-site clinical examinations were possible, the conclusions on the effect of physiotherapy in the study population were limited. Nevertheless, performing physical therapy and assisting with movements could prevent deformations and complications associated with the non-ambulatory state and the immobility of swimmer puppies. It also prevents muscle shortening and helps to maintain the mobility of the joints .Other authors promoted the benefits of an early start with physiotherapy 3. Therefore, we encourage breeders and owners to start physiotherapy with swimmer puppies as early as possible. Physiotherapy and exercise is also suggested for children with congenital hypotonia to prevent muscle shortening and improve motor function 41 , .Interestingly, most dams were fed with high-quality commercial food that met the requirements for pregnancy according to the NRC. The dams which received food not fully meeting the requirements did not produce litters with more affected puppies compared to dams fed according to NRC requirements. Other nutritional factors like excessive milk intake and a rapid weight gain are discussed by others as potential causes for SPS 1 , .We did not evaluate the nursing and weight gain of the puppies, but our cohort also included swimmer puppies that were the same size or even smaller than their littermates. Limitations and future directions A limitation of this study is the lack of on-site neurological and orthopedic examinations of the affected dogs and the limited number of available videos. Yet, review of the submitted videos confirmed the presence of clinical signs compatible with SPS in each case. Swimmer puppies were included based on the characteristic clinical signs, and we were not able to rule out other diseases which could present with a similar phenotype, because many puppies had not been presented to a veterinarian or the medical records were not available for review. Furthermore, breeders might be biased when answering certain questions e. The evaluation of the diet of the dams during pregnancy was based on optimal caloric intake and the data provided by the food companies for their brands. For further investigation of the etiology of SPS studies with electrodiagnostic analysis and muscle and nerve biopsies for investigation of peripheral causes of weakness including evaluation of muscle fiber type composition, peripheral nerve, nerve roots and neuromuscular endplates , as well as investigations of muscle metabolism, gene expression profiles and investigations for reversible metabolic defects are possible tools. Conclusion Our data show that SPS affects puppies from many breeds. We confirmed that SPS is a benign reversible condition in the majority of dogs. Most puppies recovered before 12 weeks of age. Affected dogs usually come from smaller litters. Dogs from larger breeds recovered faster than dogs from smaller breeds. The reports suggest that the diet of the dam probably has no major influence on the incidence of SPS. A genetic predisposition was suggested in some litters. Therefore, further investigations with metabolic and genetic profiling of affected dogs and litters may be indicated. Furthermore, affected puppies should be examined thoroughly to recognize any limb deformities as cause or consequence of SPS. Data availability statement Data sets are available on request. The raw data supporting the conclusions of this article will be made available by the authors, without undue reservation. LR performed the study. YZ and LR performed the statistical analysis. LR wrote the manuscript. All authors contributed to the article and approved the submitted version. Conflict of interest The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. Any product that may be evaluated in this article, or claim that may be made by its manufacturer, is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher. References 1. Factors contributing to the swimmer puppy syndrome found in Labrador retrievers. BMC Vet Res. Swimmers syndrome is an uncommon development in dogs or cats, also known as flat-pup syndrome or swimming-puppy syndrome. This syndrome leads to a deformation in their limbs, beginning with the hind limbs. This type of deformational development makes the legs twisted and results in the inability to stand or walk. Although smaller and dwarf breeds are more prone to the syndrome, larger breeds may also suffer from it. Breeds that are more likely to produce puppies with swimmer puppy syndrome include English and French Bulldogs, Yorkshire Terriers, Basset Hounds, and Dachshunds. In newborn pups with swimmer puppy syndrome , milk is often regurgitated. Swimmer puppies often experience difficulty with the entire digestion process; many have difficulty eliminating and develop constipation as a result. Without treatment, a swimmer puppy is also at risk of developing painful joint deformities caused by holding their legs at abnormal angles for long periods of time. It will only lie on its stomach, not on its side. Its legs, both front and back, will be splayed out. By three weeks of age, the puppy will not be able to stand or walk, and may struggle to move. When it does move, it may look like it is trying to paddle or swim. The puppy will be putting a lot of pressure on its sternum, which will contribute to the flattening of the chest and ribs. This causes swimmer syndrome puppies to have difficulty breathing and low energy levels. They will also be weak and may have problems with circulation. The puppy may also have difficulty eating. Because of the pressure on its chest, it may also struggle with keeping food down. Additionally, swimmer puppies may have sores or lesions on their bodies from lying in urine or feces. Swimmer puppies are often lethargic. By three weeks of age, the puppy will not be developing the ability to stand and walk like its littermates. Small and dwarf dog breeds are more prone to swimmer puppy syndrome that large breeds. Some veterinary experts believe that the issue is hereditary, while others point toward environments that prevent puppies from moving enough to develop their muscles properly. Others believe that swimmer puppies are born with congenital defects that occur prior to birth. Many veterinarians are willing to intervene and give the puppy a chance at having a happy, healthy life as there are quite a few treatments for swimmer puppy syndrome. Use a harness or sling to suspend the puppy for up to 20 minutes at a time, up to four times per day. This treatment is intended to strengthen muscles while taking pressure off the chest and abdomen. Every case is different; however, this is normally done gradually, for just 15 to 20 minutes per day, and only 3 to 4 times per day at first. Avoid slippery surfaces that prevent the pup from gaining traction. You can also create a soft vest for the pup to wear by cutting leg holes in an old sock and stuffing the sock with fluffy material to keep the chest elevated. Encourage the puppy to sleep on its side rather than resting on its abdomen. When you are with the puppy, help it change positions while nursing and sleeping. This gentle stimulation can help with nerve development and encourage the puppy to move its legs more, as well as to exert more force with each movement. Massage the puppy frequently, particularly after feeding. All-over massage can help stimulate muscles and nerves while aiding the digestion process. You can also encourage these movements while the puppy is suspended in a sling. Ensure that the puppy is being fed adequately, but not over-fed. Excess weight makes recovery more difficult. Keep the puppy clean. This can lead to painful lesions and cause complications with treatment. Apply a moisture barrier cream or unscented baby powder to help prevent irritation, if your vet approves. To begin with, taping should only be worn for 15 minutes at a time, times a day. While taped, you should use a sling or harness to support your puppy. Encouraging your puppy to sleep on their side as much as possible will relieve pressure on the chest. Even if they are not sleeping, repositioning is a good way to reduce complications from constant pressure on the chest. Maintaining a Healthy Weight It may sound simple, but helping your Swimmers dog to maintain a healthy weight is more beneficial than you might realize. The more extra weight your pup has to hold up, the slower their progress with therapy will be. Massaging your puppy after a feed can also help the digestive process along and help to resolve problems like constipation and gas. Failing to clean up after your Swimmers pup immediately after their accident can cause infection as well as urine burns and painful sores. Environment Scientists that studied this condition strongly suggest that appropriate flooring is extremely important, particularly non-slippery floors that prevent slippage and further injuries in puppies. Applying baby powder and wiping the dog can also help to prevent fecal scalding. Water Therapy Water therapy is recommended for Swimmer dogs that have developed a swimming reflex this happens around 6 weeks old. Keeping the pup secured, submerge them in water up to their chin. Be sure to keep hold of the puppy but let them paddle. This helps to build up muscle in the legs and can be done for short periods, two to three times a day. What is the management? Slippery floors may worsen, or in some cases, may even cause swimmer puppies. Egg crate bed liners work well. Bunch up towels and blankets and keep pup confined to a small area. Puppies should not become overweight, as this may further the weakness in the rear limbs. Most swimmers have a flattened chest from laying flat. Taping the legs in the correct position should be done asap. You will see almost immediate progress. If the pup is a chewer you will have to put a cone on while legs are taped. Swim sessions three times a day will help with building muscle. Note — the swim reflex may not develop until pups are 6 weeks or older. Submerge pup to his chin this kicks in the survival instinct to kick. Since there may be a hereditary component to this condition, dogs who were swimmer puppies would not be optimal breeding animals. Please follow and like us: Tags.